Suchergebnisse

In the Netherlands, small amounts of cannabis can be lawfully sold to consumers in so-called coffee shops. Many communities in the country do not have coffee shops, and users under 18 years of age are not allowed to enter coffee shops. A field sample of 773 current cannabis users were interviewed in seven Dutch cities, two without any coffee shop, five varying in coffee shop density. The vast majority (n = 665; 86.0%) buy their own cannabis, and more than 70% of the cannabis is bought in licensed coffee shops. In logistic regression analyses, three variables were significantly and independently associated with buying from unlicensed suppliers: coffee shop density, age, and sex. With higher coffee shop density it was less likely to buy outside of coffee shops. Under-age buyers were more than twice as likely to buy their cannabis from unlicensed dealers. Males were more likely to buy their cannabis from unlicensed sellers than females. A substantial proportion of unlicensed suppliers sell other drugs as well, thereby increasing the risk of being offered hard drugs when buying soft drugs. This risk is greater for minors than for adults, since a higher proportion of minors use unlicensed selling points.

Dynamik des Glückspielens: Eine prospektive Studie zum natürlichen Verlauf des Spielverhaltens Fragestellung: Untersuchung des natürlichen Verlaufs des Spielverhaltens an einer Stichprobe von Spielhallenbesuchern in den Niederlanden. </p><p> Methodik: Drei Kohorten wurden prospektiv im Zeitraum von einem Jahr bis vier Jahren untersucht: 149 Freizeitspieler, 29 potentielle pathologische Spieler und 48 vermutliche pathologische Spieler. Veränderungen im Spielverhalten sowie in den Problemen im Zusammenhang mit dem Spielen (erfasst mit der South Oaks Gambling Screen) und im persönlichen Bereich wurden einmal im Jahr mittels Fragebogen dokumentiert. </p><p> Ergebnisse: Bei der Mehrzahl der pathologischen Spieler nahm sowohl die Teilnahme an Glücksspielen als auch die Problembelastung durch das Spielen im Katamnesezeitraum ab. Mischeffekte bei Wiederholungsmessungen zeigten, dass Veränderungen bei den durch das Spielen verursachten Problemen im Zusammenhang mit der Zugehörigkeit zu einer ethnischen Gruppe, mit Lebensereignissen, mit dem Spielen an Spielautomaten, mit der Höhe des Spieleinsatzes und der Häufigkeit der Besuche in Spiellokalen stehen. </p><p> Schlussfolgerungen: Die Untersuchungsergebnisse stimmen überein mit den Ergebnissen aus anderen gemeinde-bezogenen Studien zur episodischen Natur und Selbstheilung bei Problemen im Zusammenhang mit Glücksspielen.

Recreational cocaine use spread rapidly in Amsterdam at the end of the 1970s, particularly as a "party drug" in clubs and discotheques. At the end of the 1980s, the role of cocaine as party drug was largely taken over by ecstasy. In contrast, first cocaine and then crack cocaine increased in popularity among heroin addicts and marginalized street youth, including homeless youth and young prostitutes. Today, experimental use of crack is also observed among young people from socially deprived neighborhoods, especially among ethnic minorities. This article describes, mainly on the basis of ethnographic studies among these groups, the evolving and diverging patterns of use among trendsetting party youth and their marginalized counterparts. Important differences may be observed between groups related to socio-economic background, the role cocaine plays in their lives, transmission routes, and different operating market mechanisms influenced by drug policy. For party youth, cocaine use mainly serves recreational purposes. In contrast, for problem youth, cocaine, and now especially crack, contribute to multi-problem behavior within the context of their marginalized lifestyles.

De afgelopen jaren hebben de media herhaaldelijk bericht over cocaïne in vissersdorpen. Wordt hier inderdaad vaker drugs gebruikt of is de commotie een typisch voorbeeld van morele paniek, waarbij iets kleins wordt opgeblazen en buitenproportionele sociale reacties teweegbrengt? Dergelijke vragen nodigen volgens Dirk Korf uit tot een kritische beschouwing van politiecijfers en tot een analyse van ontwikkelingen in criminaliteitsbeleid en in de samenleving. Hij stelt in zijn oratie dat de teloorgang van tradities in maritieme gemeenschappen symbool staat voor ingrijpende veranderingen op het pl

Contemporary Dutch drug policy is a product of many long-term political, demographic and social changes that have taken place in the Netherlands since the nation's first drug law was enacted in 1919. Shifts in policy emphasis are described and explained in terms of three principles that serve as the cornerstones of the Dutch approach, these include the following: (1) a separation of the markets for hard and soft drugs; (2) normalization of the phenomenon, which means treating drug users as ordinary citizens entitled to government assistance, but also required to assume responsibility for their actions; and (3) harm reduction efforts directed at minimizing the damage done by drugs to users, communities and to the society as a whole. The changing policies regarding cannabis are utilized here as a case study to illustrate how these principles work in practice. Several contemporary issues are analyzed in terms of their influence on recent policy changes. These include drug-related nuisance, the participation of organized crime in drug markets and criticism from abroad regarding the impact of Dutch policies on other nations. The article concludes with a reconsideration of the effects of decriminalizing cannabis, contrasting the Dutch application of the expediency principle with its use in other nations.