Suchergebnisse

International audience ; The history and memory of the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda have been the subject of much controversy since 1994. In order to study it, academics gather various sources: interviews, public and private archives, and press sources. Each of these sources has its specificities that must be considered.Although it is not much mobilized, the press is an essential primary source to write a history of post-genocide debates. In a context of still limited access to the public and private Rwandan archives, the press indeed allows us to establish a fine chronology and to identify the actors, their networks, and the circulation of their productions. However, these sources raise practical and methodological questions: where can they be found? What specific biases do they produce?For this article, I chose to revisit the controversy that has surrounded the responsibility of the Catholic Church in the genocide against the Tutsi. The Rwandan Catholic Church has had a particular role in the intellectual and political history of the country since the colonial era, but also in the history of the media, as clergymen were behind many magazines and newspapers. After 1994, the new Rwandan authorities accused the Catholic Church of being responsible for the genocide against the Tutsi. Specific criticism targeted Catholic missionaries. Starting from a corpus of articles published in 1998-1999, I wish to shed light on the richness of the Rwandan press sources for the study of this controversy. I also aim to show how it can be used within an approach that mainly relates to the history of intellectuals. Such a methodological approach could be extended to other controversies and more broadly to the contemporary history of Rwanda. ; L'histoire et la mémoire du génocide des Tutsi au Rwanda font l'objet depuis 1994 de multiples controverses. Afin de les étudier, les universitaires réunissent des sources diverses : entretiens, archives publiques et privées ou encore sources de presse. Chacune de ces sources a ses ...

Representations of Rwanda have been shaped by the display of bodies and bones at Tutsi
genocide memorial sites. This phenomenon is most often only studied from the perspective
of moral dimensions. This article aims in contrast to cover the issues related to the
treatment of human remains in Rwanda for commemorative purposes from a historical
perspective. To this end, it is based on the archives of the commissions in charge of
genocide memory in Rwanda, as well as interviews with key memorial actors. This study
shows the evolution of memorial practices since 1994 and the hypermateriality of bodies in
their use as symbols, as well as their demobilisation for the purposes of reconciliation
policies.

Résumé Trop souvent décrite sous l'angle exclusif de son instrumentalisation politique, la mémoire du génocide des Tutsis relève pourtant d'une histoire complexe. Fondé sur l'exploration d'archives rwandaises et d'entretiens, cet article revisite l'histoire de la mémoire du génocide à travers les lieux dans lesquels elle s'incarne. Marqués par l'hybridité, les mémoriaux rwandais inscrivent dans le paysage des volontés de mémoire diverses. Cet essai de reconstitution de l'archéologie mémorielle rwandaise témoigne de la difficulté à articuler deuil personnel et collectif dans un pays où les politiques de réconciliation nationale tendent aujourd'hui à occulter la violence du passé.

This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. Human remains and identification presents a pioneering investigation into the practices and methodologies used in the search for and exhumation of dead bodies resulting from mass violence. Previously absent from forensic debate, social scientists and historians here confront historical and contemporary exhumations with the application of social context to create an innovative and interdisciplinary dialogue, enlightening the political, social and legal aspects of mass crime and its aftermaths.Through a ground-breaking selection of international case studies, Human remains and identification argues that the emergence of new technologies to facilitate the identification of dead bodies has led to a "forensic turn", normalising exhumations as a method of dealing with human remains en masse. However, are these exhumations always made for legitimate reasons?Multidisciplinary in scope, this book will appeal to readers interested in understanding this crucial phase of mass violence's aftermath, including researchers in history, anthropology, sociology, forensic science, law, politics and modern warfare.The research program leading to this publication has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) / ERC Grant Agreement n° 283-617