Search results

The aim of this research is to examine the relation between time perspectives and self-control in final-year high school students. Time perspective refers to the importance an individual gives to their past, present or future. Self-control represents a conscious intention of an individual to control his/her emotions, thoughts and behaviour. The basic research problem which we have set refers to determining the prognostic capabilities of time perspectives in explaining self-control in our sample. The research included 110 fourth-grade students from grammar school, high school of economics and high school of technology. The gender structure consists of 38 (34.5%) males and 72 (65.5%) females. The dimensions of time perspectives are operationalized by a short version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI-short) with 18 items, by Kostal et al. (2015). The scale has six factors – Positive Past and Negative Past, Hedonistic Present and Fatalistic Present and Positive Future and Negative Future. Each factor is determined by three items. The reliability of the entire test on our sample is α=0.73. The construct of self-control is operationalized by a Self-Control Scale, created by Tangney, Baumeister & Boone (2004). The scale has one factor and includes 13 items. The reliability of the test on our sample is α=0.67. The results have confirmed that there is a significant predictor relation (p < 0.05) between time perspectives and self-control in high school graduates. The assumed model explains 21.4% of variance of self-control in final-year high school students. Out of the dimensions of time perspectives, two are statistically significant for explaining the variance of self-control – the Hedonistic Present β = -.404 and a Positive Orientation toward the Future β = .220. The obtained results are logical and they indicate that students who tend to enjoy the present have lower self-control, while those who believe in the positive future have higher self-control.

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Photos -- 1: Interpersonal Oculesics: Eye-Related Signals of Attraction, Interest, and Connection -- Introduction -- Oculesic Structures -- Multiple Meanings of Eye-Related Behaviors Before getting into some of the specific functions of these oculesic structures, it must be noted that the range of structural behaviors for the eyes is relatively limited compared to, say, the nonver -- Attraction -- Initial Attraction -- Oculesic Indicators of Attraction -- Pupil Dilation As discussed earlier in this chapter, people may interpret dilated pupils of another individual as an indication of attraction (Hess, 1965). While this is a valid assumption grounded in research, there also exist other reasons for -- Initiation of Interaction -- Flirting -- Connection -- Intimacy -- Antisocial Contexts -- Misperception -- Dominance -- The Case of the "Male Gaze" -- Consequences -- Conclusion -- References -- 2: Communication and Communal Emotions in the Learning of Love -- Defining Love -- Love and Communication -- The Biology of Love -- The Evolution of Love -- The Development of Love -- The Social Psychology of Love -- References -- 3: The Role of Nonverbal Communication in Leadership Skills -- Introduction -- Nonverbal Behavior and Leadership -- Nonverbal Expression and Perception of Dominance and Submissiveness in a Small Group -- Study of the Nonverbal Behavior of Leaders and Other Members in the Small Group Context -- Protocol for Registering Nonverbal Signs of Domination and Power -- Design of the Study -- What Was Confirmed and What Was Not? -- The Role of the Nonverbal Behavior of the Leader in Motivating Subordinates -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- 4: The Look of Love: Evolution and Nonverbal Signs and Signals of Attraction -- Primitives of Attraction.

1. Interpersonal Oculesics: Eye-Related Signals of Attraction, Interest, and Connection -- 2. Communication and Communal Emotions in the Learning of Love -- 3. The Role of Nonverbal Communication in Leadership Skills -- 4. The Look of Love: Evolution and Nonverbal Signs and Signals of Attraction -- 5. Love Signals and the Reproductive Force -- 6. The Verbal and Nonverbal Communication of Romantic Interest -- 7. Misunderstood Non-verbal Cues in Close Relationships: Contributions of Research Over Opinions -- 8. What Words Don't Tell Us: Non-verbal Communication and Turmoil in Romantic Relationships -- 9. Negative Emotions, Facial Clues, and Close Relationships: Facing the End? -- 10. Love in the Time of COVID-19: What We Can Learn About Non-verbal Behaviour from Living with a Pandemic -- 11. Non-verbal communication: From good endings to better beginnings -- 12. The Functions and Consequences of Interpersonal Touch in Close Relationships -- 13. Nonverbal Skills in Relationships: Too Little or Too Much May Be a Bad Thing -- 14. Non-verbal Communication in Relationships as a Link between Affect and Social Intelligence.

1. Social intelligence: What it is and why we need it more than ever before; Robert J. Sternberg, Avery Siying Li -- 2. Nonverbal receiving ability as emotional and cognitive empathy: Conceptualization and measurement; Ross Buck, Brett Graham, Ryan Allred, Roeland Hancock -- 3. Empathy and rapport as spontaneous communication: At the intersection of the traditional social and behavioral sciences, and the new affective and communication sciences; Ross Buck, Stephen Stifano, Brett Graham, Ryan Allred -- 4. Factors that facilitate or impair kinesic and vocalic nonverbal behaviors during interpersonal deception; Judee K. Burgoon, Lauren M. Hamel, J. Pete Blair, Nathan W. Twyman -- 5. Nonverbal communication: Evolution and today; Mark G. Frank and Anne Solbu -- 6. Nonverbal steps to the origin of language; David B. Givens -- 7. A new look at person memory; Terrence G. Horgan -- 8. Communicating with robots: What we do wrong and what we do right in Artificial Social Intelligence, and what we need to do better; Arvid Kappas, Rebecca Stower, Eric J. Vanman -- 9. Reading faces: Ability to recognize true and false emotion; Aleksandra Kostić, Derek Chadee, Jasmina Nedeljković -- 10. Hidden tears and scrambled joy: On the adaptive costs of unguarded nonverbal social signals; Dennis Küster -- 11. Interpersonal accuracy and interaction outcomes: Why and how reading others correctly has adaptive advantages in social interactions; Tristan Palese, Marianne Schmid Mast -- 12. Skill in social situations: The essence of savoir-faire; Ronald E. Riggio, Leslie G. Eaton, David C. Funder -- 13. Inter- and intrapersonal downsides of accurately perceiving others' emotions; Katja Schlegel -- 14. Trait impressions from faces demonstrate preserved social intelligence in older adulthood; Leslie A. Zebrowitz, Robert G. Franklin -- 15. Postscript: Social intelligence as the social construction of reality: An augmented Agenda for social-intelligence research; Robert J. Sternberg.