Suchergebnisse

Sex education is aimed at equipping individuals with sex-related information, motivation, and behavioral skills that will enable them to avoid sex-related problems and to achieve sexual well-being. Safer sex promotion and condom promotion and distribution programmes have grown significantly since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic. Condom use among young people is especially important because the young are often at greatest risk of HIV infection and have the least access to condoms. In many countries, where the Internet is part of the media landscape, not-for-profit agencies, governments and commercial condom companies alike have started utilising the Internet to promote safer sex and condom use. Most young people have regular access to the internet, and there is some expectation that the Internet is helping to fill the sexual health information gap. The development of an Internet-based, theoretically-driven, innovative approach to sex education weds the special strengths of the Internet as a rich, interactive, individualized pedagogical tool in order to provide effective sex education to large numbers of individuals in a very cost-effective fashion. The proposed approach exploits the characteristics of anonymity, availability, affordability, acceptability, and aloneness of using the Internet. Within this approach, learners are first individually assessed in terms of information, motivation, and behavioral skills deficits that are relevant to the individual's sexual problems and sexual well-being.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder of metabolism followed by abnormal rise in plasma glucose levels, as a consequence of unequilibrated insulin production and/or insensitivity to the effect of this hormone in signal transduction of cellular receptors. One of the effective strategies for diabetes type-2 management is the inhibition of complex polysaccharide hydrolysis by pancreatic α-amylase and absorption limitation of glucose by inhibiting intestinal α-glucosidase enzyme. Agaricus blazei Murrill, Coprinus comatus (O.F.Müll.) Pers., Cordyceps militaris (L.) Fr., Inonotus obliquus (Ach. ex Pers.) Pilát, Morchella conica Pers. and Phellinus linteus Berk. & M.A. Curtis were investigated for their antidiabetic properties. In vitro assays on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition were performed with methanolic extracts of the selected mushrooms. Furthermore, we calculated the necessary daily intake of mushroom extracts and dry mushroom powders based on the equivalent doses of therapeutic drug acarbose given to diabetic patients per day. Our comparative study on enzyme inhibition showed that the most promising potential is ascribed to I. obliquus extract, while no inhibition of α-amylase was recorded with M. conica and C. militaris methanolic extract at the tested concentration. The lowest daily intake of mushroom powder was suggested for I. obliquus with the dose of 3 × 1.148 g/day, while the highest was predicted for P. linteus 3 × 2.215 g/day. Although majority of previous studies showed in vivo antidiabetic potential of water and polysaccharidic mushroom extracts by different experimental approaches, our study is the first highlighting in vitro antidiabetic potential by inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase with methanolic extracts; which makes the investigated species more promising for the diabetes type-2 treatment by another additional and different mechanism of action. ; Soković M, editor. Book of abstracts: The 2nd Balkans-China Mini-symposium on Natural Products and Drug Discovery; 2019 Apr 11-13; Belgrade, Serbia. Belgrade: Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade; 2019. p 37.