Secularism(s) in Contemporary France: Law, Policy, and Religious Diversity
In: Boundaries of Religious Freedom: Regulating Religion in Diverse Societies Series
Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1: Introduction: The Submerged Part of the Iceberg -- 1 Ceci n'est pas la laïcité française (This Is Not French Secularism) -- 2 French Secularism as a Multiplex Phenomenon -- 3 Secularism as a Heritage -- 4 Outline of the Book -- References -- Part I: Theoretical and Legal Framework -- Chapter 2: Multisecularism -- 1 Options for French Secularism -- 1.1 Nationalist Secularism -- 1.2 A Dynamic Understanding of Secularism -- 2 The Multiplicity of French Secularisms -- 2.1 Secularism and Its Fundamental Principles -- 2.2 Secularism: A Polysemic Term with Polymorphic Manifestations -- 2.2.1 Polysemy of the Term "Secularism" -- 2.2.2 Secularism in Three Dimensions -- The Temporal Dimension -- The Spatial Dimension -- The Material Dimension -- 2.2.3 Models of Secularism -- References -- Chapter 3: The Legal Framework for Secularism -- 1 The Sources of Domestic Law -- 1.1 Regulatory and Legislative Sources -- 1.2 Constitutional Sources -- 1.3 Legal Scope of the Constitutive Principles of Secularism -- 1.4 The Role of the Courts -- 2 International Sources -- References -- Part II: Churches, Religion and the Secular State -- Chapter 4: Defining Religion: A Secular Paradox -- 1 Churches, Religions, and Associations of Worship -- 1.1 Religions -- 1.2 Associations of Worship -- 1.2.1 Is There True Equality? -- 1.2.2 New Restrictions on Associations of Worship -- 2 "Cults" and "Pseudo-Religions" -- 2.1 Identifying Cults -- 2.2 Fighting Cults -- 3 Religion, Culture, and Heritage -- 3.1 The Legal Secularization of Christian Symbols -- 3.2 The Judicial Secularization of Christian Symbols -- 3.2.1 The Culture and Heritage Exception -- 3.2.2 Religion or Culture? The Nativity Scene, a "Hybrid Object" -- 4 The State and the "Principal Spiritual Families" -- References.