The author gives an overview of the history and present situation of the education of children with a visual impairment in Hungary. A survey of the different services shows that they began long before they had a legal basis. Hungary has sound laws but the economic situation, even though it has substantially developed, is still not so strong as to provide enough financial support for programmes. The number of itinerant teachers is not sufficient, mainstreamed children are not equipped well enough and the price of access technology is extremely high. An Eastern European Network for Access Technology (Project EENAT) aims to address many aspects of access technology. The main challenge and development in this field is Windows accessibility in the Eastern and Central European region.
In the authors' contention the category of (landed) property includes values, social-cultural meanings and social and political power relationships. Privately owned farms were eliminated in Soviet type regimes by the means of state intervention and terror since they obstructed a program of forced industrialisation and exercising power. Collectivisation became a staggering, collective event of social history that transformed structures. The practice of eliminating private forms resulted in many respects in a particular dynamics and an independent process with its own internal logic. Subsequently, this laid the foundations for the Hungarian model of agriculture where the insistence on land was replaced by concerns for earning in cash. These conditions determined the atmosphere of decollectivisation, as well. Those persons compensated who after 1992 obtained actual landed property, were unable or unwilling to work in agriculture since they were uncertain of their skills or the profitability of production in the conditions of the new market economy.
This open access book asks whether there is space for particularism in a constitutional democracy which would limit the implementation of EU law. National identity claims are a key factor in shaping our times and the ongoing evolution of the European Union. To assess their impact this collection focuses on the jurisprudence of Czechia, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia, as they play an essential role in giving life to particularism. By taking particularism as the prism through which they explore the question, the contributors offer a new analytical scheme to evaluate the judicial invocation of identity. This requires an interdisciplinary approach: the study draws on comparative constitutional law, theory, comparative-empirical material and normative-philosophical perspectives. This is a fresh and thought-provoking new study on an increasingly important question in EU law. The ebook editions of this book are available under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.
"Our socio-economic innovation ecosystem is riddled with ever-increasing complexity, as we are faced with more frequent and intense shocks, such as COVID-19. Unfortunately, addressing complexity requires a different kind of economic governance. There is increasing pressure on economics to not only going beyond its traditional mainstream boundaries but also to tackle real-world problems such as fostering structural change, enhancing sustained growth, promoting inclusive development in the era of the digital economy, and boosting green growth, while addressing the divide between the financial sector and the real economy. This book demonstrates how to apply complexity science to economics, in an effective and instructive way, in the interest of life-enhancing policies. The book revolves around the non-negligible problem of why economics, to date, seems to be insufficient in guiding economic governance to navigate through real and ever-intensifying complex socio-economic and environmental challenges. With its interdisciplinary approach, the book scans the nuanced nexus between complexity and economics by incorporating, as well as transcending the state-of-the-art literature. It identifies ways to trigger opportunities for behaviour change in the economic profession with respect to how to teach and what, introducing and developing further complexity economics thinking with the configuration of its main principles and outlining the silhouette of next-generation economic governance. The book deciphers recommendations both for economic theory, practice, and education and economic governance. It will be of interest to students, scholars, academics, think tank researchers and economic policy practitioners at the national and/or supranational level. Olivér Kovács is a senior research fellow in the Department of Economics and International Economics at the University of Public Service, Budapest, Hungary"--
Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: Basic Concepts -- Chapter 3: Business Spirituality -- Chapter 4: Buddhist Values in Business -- Chapter 5: Christian Values in Business -- Chapter 6: A comparative Analysis of Buddhist and Christian Value orientations in Business -- Chapter 7: Spirituality and Materialism in Business -- Chapter 8: Spiritually Inspired Business Practices -- Chapter 9: Conclusion and Way Forward.
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Attribution in International Investment Law' is the first in-depth book on attribution in international investment law analysing the treatment of attribution in applicable legal instruments and investment arbitration jurisprudence worldwide. The term?attribution? refers to the means by which it is ascertained whether the State is involved in a dispute governed by international law. The notion of attribution is primarily used to determine if the State is responsible for the wrongful conduct of persons or entities with links to the State. In the context of international investment law, the exponentially growing arbitration jurisprudence arising from international investment agreements, especially bilateral investment treaties, reflects the extent and risk of attribution determined in investment relationships that often involve State enterprises. This book provides an extensive review of the application of special or customary rules of attribution for the purposes of State responsibility in investor-State disputes
Politics, discourse, policy -- New president, new discourse, new policy? -- Troop increases in Afghanistan, troop withdrawal from Iraq: is it all about Middle Eastern policy? -- Osama bin Laden and the usefulness of an iconic adversary -- Under attack: Benghazi and the responses -- Speaking of Syria: how discourse can get away from an administration -- What it takes to intervene: changes from 2013 to 2014 -- Conclusion: not so foreign, not so new
This book explains and theorises the ways in which family policy instruments come to shape the routine care arrangements of young children. Drawing on interviews with close to a hundred parents from very different walks of life in urban and rural Romania, the book provides a rich account of the care arrangement transitions these parents experience during their children's first five years of life. The influence of family policies emerges as complex and uneven, affecting childcare decisions both directly and indirectly by contributing to the reproduction and legitimation of age-related hierarchies of care ideals. These cultural artefacts, reflective of both longstanding institutional legacies and recent policy innovations between 2006 and 2015, are the prism through which mothers and fathers from diverse backgrounds view and make decisions about their children's care. This unique volume will be of interest and value to students and scholars of childcare, its organisation and family policy, specifically in post-socialist contexts.--
Frontmatter --Table of Contents --Abbreviations --Introduction: The "Jewish Issue" and the East- Central European Communist Systems --I Communist Policies and the Jewish State. Introduction --II The Eichmann Affair. Introduction --III The Six-Day War and its Aftermath. Introduction --IV The International Jewish Organisations, the Jewish Community and the State. Introduction --V Mechanisms of Repression and the Jews. Introduction --Biographical Notes --Bibliography --Index of Persons.
