Suchergebnisse

"Skills, Creativity and Innovation in the Digital Platform Era: Analyzing the New Reality of Professions and Entrepreneurship brings together two important areas: the separate research topics of professions, platforms and entrepreneurship, and the various dimensions of what platformization means to work and to professions in contemporary societies. One of the most noteworthy global aspects in current societies is the intensifying presence of technology, to the extent that we can talk about the omnipotence of technologies, a kind of technological imperative that prevails in societies. This new type of technological imperative emerges in the working lives of practicing professionals from medical doctors to lawyers and from teachers to preachers. Platforms have become a powerful actor as enablers and reorganizers of work, creating new types of inequalities but also expanding the market relations for new professions such as social influencers. How do platforms govern and shape work and lead to new questions concerning organizing of work and professions? These are few of the key questions Kovalainen and Poutanen explore in this profound and insightful book"--

Purpose
– This paper aims to study the kinds of methodologies used in studying "doing gender" in working life and organisations. To do so, articles that use empirical research materials from different academic peer-reviewed journals have been analysed. By methodologies, both data gathering tools and the analysing techniques using and concerting the data have been largely understood. In the articles analysed, interviews were the main methodological tool in extracting the "doing gender", while studies using naturally occurring data, e.g. historical materials and methods in relation to this type of data were in the minority. The following question has been proposed for further exploration: What impact does the domination of interviews as a research method have on the concept of "doing gender"?


Design/methodology/approach
– Qualitative content analysis, close reading and data were collected from academic peer-reviewed journals with the applied principles of literature review.


Findings
– The research methodologies adopted in the articles on "doing gender" mostly deal with interview data and their analysis. Interview data are used most often as the primary source for ethnographic analysis. These method choices limit the potential interpretations available for the analysis of the conceptual idea of "doing gender".


Research limitations/implications
– The limitations of this article relate to the journals chosen for the analysis.


Originality/value
– This paper contributes toward a deeper understanding of the "doing gender" approach, particularly by exploring the research methodologies that have been used when studying "doing gender" approach empirically.

We analyse the question of what role and positions epistemic communities have in the agora, and more specifically in the new mediating organizations that are established at the interface of the state, businesses and universities. These new organizational structures embody the present politics of knowledge that reign in national science policy globally. The new organizational structures, as potentially new agoras, also epitomize several of the changes that have taken place in the science and industry landscape of the past decades all over Europe and the world. We are interested in understanding how epistemic communities are situated vis-à-vis agora in knowledge production. The empirical example comes from Finland, where major new institutional reforms in science policy, the new strategic centres of science, technology and innovations, have been implemented to create possibilities for new knowledge creation and new product and service development. These centres of science, technology and innovations (CSTIs) were originally planned as functioning agoras, open, simultaneous and joint platforms for the state, businesses, researchers and universities. In the article we show how the organizational structure and decision making processes adopted in the CSTIs have changed the original idea of agora, thus changing also the position of epistemic communities involved. In the process, we evaluate Nowotny's interpretation of agora.

Recession, crisis of the welfare state, unemployment and a desire to affirm the dignity of one's own professional skills were reasons for the creation of neo-entrepreneurship in the social and health care sector in Finland. A total of 371 private social and health care sector entrepreneurs responded to the survey conducted by the National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health (STAKES). These companies are not attempting to compete with care offered by the local authorities but to offer alternative options. The companies in question were rest homes, sheltered housing units, etc.The social and health care sector entrepreneurs were researched both statistically and descriptively. In the majority of cases the companies were started up by persons who left employment in the public sector out of a desire to set up their own innovative and multidisciplinary service. Some of the entrepreneurs started up on their own while unemployed or under threat of unemployment. The entrepreneurs emphasised autonomy, creativity and the search for professional and psychological growth and satisfaction as their reasons for starting up their own company. They worked longer hours and were paid less than those in similar jobs in the public sector. However, they still considered entrepreneurship the right choice and also recommended it warmly to others.

Rezession, Krise des Sozialstaates, Arbeitslosigkeit und der Wunsch, die eigenen beruflichen Qualifikationen nicht wertlos werden zu lassen, waren der Grund für eine neue Welle der Selbständigkeit im Sozial- und Gesundheitssektor in Finland. Insgesamt 371 private Sozial- und Gesundheitsdienste antworteten auf eine Umfrage des nationalen Zentrums für Forschung und Entwicklung von Sozial- und Gesundheitsdiensten (STAKES). Diese Unternehmen versuchen nicht, mit den lokalen Gesundheitsbehörden zu konkurrieren, sondern wollen alternative Angebote anbieten. Bei den befragten Unternehmen handelte es sich um Altenheime, Wohnanlagen, die gleichzeitig eine Reihe von sozialen Diensten anbieten, usw. Der Sozial- und Gesundheitssektor werden statistisch und beschreibend untersucht. Bei den meisten untersuchten Unternehmen handelt es sich um solche, wo ehemals im öffentlichen Dienst Beschäftigte diesen verlassen und einen eigenen innovativen und einen multidisziplinären Dienst aufbauen. Andere starteten in die Selbständigkeit aus der Arbeitslosigkeit heraus oder weil ihnen Arbeitslosigkeit drohte. Maßgebende Gründe für die Selbständigkeit waren, so die Befragten, Autonomie, Kreativität und die Suche nach beruflicher und persönlicher Weiterentwicklung. Sie arbeiteten länger und erhielten weniger Geld als vergleichbar Beschäftigte im öffentlichen Dienst. Trotzdem betrachteten sie die Selbständigkeit als die richtige Entscheidung und empfahlen diesen Weg auch anderen. (Transfer / FUB)

This volume presents the most recent studies of work and labor in the digital age as it unfolds in both Europe and the United States.One of the critical questions facing modernity concerns the reconfiguration of paid employment, which has been subject to wholesale changes that have widespread consequences for workers, their families, and the institutional structure that characterizes capitalist societies. A key driver of these changes has been the digital revolution and the rapid proliferation of the gig economy. Together with social network sites for hiring, the spread of robotics, and the rise of artificial intelligence and machine learning, they leave virtually no occupation untouched.