Suchergebnisse

Статтю присвячено розвитку вищої жіночої освіти у Великій Британії у 1870–1920 роках. Охарактеризовано вплив суспільно-політичних умов на надання доступу до освіти жінкам у більшості британських закладів вищої освіти на рівних із чоловіками умовах. Проаналізовано стан та основні зміни у вищій жіночій освіті Англії, Шотландії та Уельсу з середини вікторіанської епохи до періоду після закінчення І світової війни. Висвітлено складнощі, з якими стикалися жінки, які прагнули здобути вищу освіту, окрім педагогічної, у зазначений період. У статті досліджено роль високоінтелектуальних жінок у розвитку вищої жіночої освіти у Великій Британії. ; The article is devoted to the development of women's higher education in Great Britain in 1870–1920. The influence of socio-political conditions on women's access to higher education in most British higher education institutions on equal terms with men is described. The state and major changes in women's higher education in England, Scotland and Wales from the middle of the Victorian era to the period after the end of the I World War are analyzed. The difficulties encountered by women who wanted to get higher education in the specified period are determined. The article examines the role of highly intellectual women in the development of women's higher education in Great Britain. A vivid illustration of the difficult path of women towards higher education in the second half of the XIX century is the biography of the famous British physician Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, who could not obtain her medical degree in Britain because of her gender and had to go to France to get it. The decision whether to admit women and on which terms was to be made by the university itself. Although most universities had provided access to higher education for women by 1900, there were various forms of discrimination against women in the academic and scientific community. Prestigious scientific societies often demonstrated a biased attitude towards women's membership or imposed a number of restrictions on their activities. In Great Britain higher education in fields other than pedagogy during the mentioned above period was only available to a few women possessing certain qualities. They as a rule descended from wealthy families and were not only smart, gifted and selected more carefully than male students, but also ambitious and determined to go against the established traditions. In the modern sense, they can be called "agents of change" because they often fought for the rights and opened new horizons not only for themselves but also for all women. They proved that women are physically and intellectually capable and responsible to obtain higher education and perform not only the traditional role of wives and mothers, but also to conduct research and make inventions, be experts in their profession and make important political decisions.