Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Half Title -- Series -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Acknowledgments -- 1 On Peripheral Modernities, Scientific Development, Complexities, and How to Approach Them -- 2 Studying Scientific Development from Latin America: Problems of Definition, Levels of Analysis, and Concepts -- 3 Social and Scientific Problems-A View from the History of Science: Chagas Disease as a Model (Part 1) -- 4 Three Theoretical Divertimentos: Chagas Disease as a Model (Part 2) -- 5 Rowing Against the Tide? New Research Fields in Peripheral Contexts: Molecular Biology From the Pioneers to the New Genomics (1957-2017) -- 6 Controversies on the Periphery: To Treat or Not to Treat (Chronic Chagas Disease Patients)? -- 7 Centers and Peripheries Revisited-Internationalization of Latin American Science: From "Bricoleur" Scientists to the International Division of Scientific Work -- 8 Globalization or Neo-Imperialism?: Latin American Science in the Era of Globalization -- 9 International Scientific Collaborations at the End of the World: Local Resources and Global Research in Tierra del Fuego -- References -- Index.

The objective was to demonstrate how, as witnessed in the particular case of one molecular biology laboratory in Buenos Aires, different types of scientific migration emerged, such that they were responsible for the very constitution of this laboratory. To this end, a brief description of the historical background of the scientific community in Argentina, its political-institutional context, and the successive migrational periods which have been produced in the country will be presented. Before discussing this particular case, three 'ideal types' which may be useful in understanding the different types of migration embarked upon by scientists will be described.

The aim of this paper is to analyse the development of science policy in Argentina, from its emergence almost four decades ago to its challenges in the current context. In contrast to the functional kind of analysis that has been usual in Latin America for a long time, the attempt is to develop a theoretical framework based on the relation ships among the most significant actors (the state, the scientific community, the university, and the business sector), both in social and institutional development. The process of institutional transformation as well as the most relevant aspects of the national/international context are also taken into account. In the concluding section some of the substantive problems that will undoubtedly form part of the debate on science policy in Argentina and in Latin America in the years to come are discussed.

Résumé Les auteurs s'attachent à montrer les liens entre les changements sociaux et la production sociologique en Argentine. Ils analysent la phase de démocratie qui a succédé à l'autoritarisme et le passage d'une sociologie de la domination, portée par la figure des intellectuels, à une sociologie de l'expérience analysant quantitativement et qualitativement les effets de fragmentation d'une société post-néolibérale.

Molecular biology began its eventful career in Argentina with the creation at the Malbrán National Institute for Microbiology of the first specially designed laboratories in 195 7. This was extremely early since the discipline was still in its international infancy and there were only a handful of groups worldwide working on topics that could be labelled as 'molecular biology From a latter-day perspective, molecular biology in Argentina is a particularly interesting example of the development of a new knowledge space in a peripheral context. Here, the elements common to various different disciplines in Argentina are as striking as the features typical of molecular biology, understood as the articulation of a socio-cognitive network interacting with local and international scientific traditions.

Pablo Kreimer, referente del campo de los estudios sociales de la ciencia, tecnología y sociedad (CTS), relata su trayectoria académica desde las inquietudes que se le presentaron en distintos momentos de su vida respecto a la ciencia y la tecnología y su relación con el entorno desde las políticas científicas nacionales, las relaciones entre centros y periferias, hasta la relación entre problemas de conocimiento y problemas sociales. Al preguntarse ¿cómo surgen y cómo se desarrollan los campos científicos en contextos periféricos, y cuál es su relación con las sociedades en las que se insertan? propone observar a las disciplinas y a los procesos de institucionalización de estas, como objetos analíticos claves, a observar en contextos periféricos, tal como hizo con la biología molecular en Argentina. Reflexivo y crítico desde una mirada histórica, política y epistemológica, habla sobre el campo CTS, con foco en América Latina y resalta los que, en su mirada, son los límites y desafíos de este campo y la relación de los estudios CTS con las políticas públicas, las ciencias sociales y el sector privado. Propone la necesidad de renovar las agendas de investigación, no como un imperativo intra disciplinario, sino como un modo de abordar el clima de su época. Para Kreimer, cuya mirada desde la sociología política de la ciencia da cuenta de las relaciones de poder y de la importancia de los contextos, los objetos de investigación y los enfoques analíticos deben, al mismo tiempo, dar cuenta de los problemas sociales y de la acumulación de conocimiento producido.

This article intends to study the possibilities and limitations of scientific knowledge as a factor of social development in peripheral societies. We challenge the idea that the only promotion of scientific knowledge is a legitimate and adequate method to overcome the social problems that many people in Latin America are subjected to. Instead, we propose to investigate the relationships among the social actors involved in the production and circulation of scientific knowledge. We take the case of Chagas disease, a recurring theme in the public agenda since the 1950s, to show how the issue has emerged and has been taken in by public policies related to the production of scientific knowledge. We analyse the different viewpoints and conceptions about the disease, and how they moulded the different institutional initiatives of intervention into the problem. We assume that the practices associated with these mechanisms condition the type of knowledge produced and its possible uses.