Suchergebnisse

Abstract. Climate change is one of the greatest threats currently facing the
world's environment. In Norway, a change in climate will strongly affect the
pattern, frequency, and magnitudes of stream flows. However, it is
challenging to quantify to what extent the change will affect the flow
patterns and floods from small rural catchments due to the unavailability
or inadequacy of hydro-meteorological data for the calibration of
hydrological models and due to the tailoring of methods to a small-scale level. To
provide meaningful climate impact studies at the level of small catchments,
it is therefore beneficial to use high-spatial- and high-temporal-resolution
climate projections as input to a high-resolution hydrological model. In
this study, we used such a model chain to assess the impacts of climate
change on the flow patterns and frequency of floods in small ungauged rural
catchments in western Norway. We used a new high-resolution regional climate
projection, with improved performance regarding the precipitation
distribution, and a regionalized hydrological model (distance distribution
dynamics) between a reference period (1981–2011) and a future period (2070–2100). The flow-duration curves for all study catchments show more wet periods in the future than during the reference period. The results also show that in the future period, the mean annual flow increases by 16 % to 33 %. The mean annual maximum floods increase by 29 % to 38 %, and floods of 2- to 200-year return periods increase by 16 % to 43 %. The results are based on the RCP8.5 scenario from a single climate model simulation tailored to the Bergen region in western Norway, and the results should be interpreted in this context. The results should therefore be seen in consideration of other scenarios for the region to address the
uncertainty. Nevertheless, the study increases our knowledge and understanding of the hydrological impacts of climate change on small
catchments in the Bergen area in the western part of Norway.

Abstract. As Europe is faced with increasing droughts and extreme precipitation,
countries are taking measures to adapt to these changes. It is challenging,
however, to navigate through the wide range of possible measures, taking into
account the efficacy, economic impact and social justice aspects of these
measures, as well as the governance requirements for implementing them. This
article presents the approach of selecting and analysing adaptation measures
to increasing extreme weather events caused by ongoing climate change that was
developed and applied in the H2020 project BINGO (Bringing Innovation to
Ongoing Water Management). The purpose of this project is (a) to develop an
integrated participatory approach for selecting and evaluating adaptation
measures, (b) to apply and evaluate the approach across six case-study river
basins across Europe, and (c) to support decision-making towards adaptation
capturing the diversity, the different circumstances and challenges river
basins face across Europe. It combines three analyses: governance,
socio-economic and social justice The governance analysis focuses on the
requirements associated with the measures and the extent to which these
requirements are met at the research sites. The socio-economic impact focuses
on the efficacy of the measures in reducing the risks and the broad range of
tools available to compare the measures on their societal impact. Finally, a
tentative social justice analysis focuses on the distributive impacts of the
adaptation measures. In the summary of results, we give an overview of the
outcome of the different analyses. In the conclusion, we briefly assess the
main pros and cons of the different analyses that were conducted. The main
conclusion is that although the research sites were very different in both the
challenges and the institutional context, the approach presented here yielded
decision-relevant outcomes.