Suchergebnisse

First published online: September 2021 ; In the European legal tradition, legal researches typically do not have access to court documents to the same extent as in the USA. This has partiallychanged in 2015, when the Archives of the Court of Justice of the European Union first became available for public consultation. This Article inspects the dossier de procédure in the Opinion 1/75 case and discusses how our knowledge of the case itself, and the development of EU law more generally, may be enhanced as a result of the availability of the archival material. Through analysing the dossier, the Article demonstrates, on the basis of internal communication between the members of the Court, that there was an atmosphere of novelty and urgency within the Court at the time and that the entire procedure was considerably micro-managed by President Lecourt. As the Court did not report the arguments the parties made in the Opinion, they are revealed for the first time as the submissions of the actors in the proceedings are made available. Analysing these arguments demonstrates that there was a kompetenz-kompetenz dimension to the case which remained hitherto hidden and unnoticed in scholarship as arguments to this effect were ignored by the Court when ruling on admissibility. It also demonstrates that when deciding on merits, the Court routinely responded to some types of arguments (textual, literalistic) and routinely ignored others (factual, practical, policy), while devising some of them (teleological) proprio motu. These new findings complete the existing historical narratives about Opinion 1/75.

Punishing the Alien: The Sentencing of Foreign Offenders in Slovenia The authors examine the question of foreignness, which appears in many shades; citizenship is thus just one of the many aspects contributing to society's stance on 'foreignness'. After sketching the current prison situation in Europe, the authors analyse the situation of foreigners in the Slovenian criminal justice system. On the one hand, we can perceive a general turn towards harsher treatment of foreign offenders – there have been more convictions and more foreigners in prison recently. However, a more detailed analysis shows that with regard to cases of homicide, foreigners may even be receiving more lenient sentences compared to Slovenian citizens. ; Kaznovanje tujcev: Kaznovanje tujih storilcev kaznivih dejanj v Sloveniji Avtorja se uvodoma ukvarjata z vprašanjem »tujosti«, ki se pojavlja v več intenzitetah: državljanstvo posameznika je le eden od dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na njegovo družbeno sprejemanje ali zavračanje. Po pregledu stanja v evropskih zaporih avtorja v osrednjem delu analizirata položaj tujcev v slovenskem kazenskopravnem sistemu, kjer je mogoče zaznati zaostrovanje pri obravnavi tujcev – več obsodb in več tujcev v zaporih v zadnjih letih. Temu nasprotne rezultate pa pokaže podrobnejši pregled kaznivega dejanja umora (in uboja), v katerem avtorja ugotavljata, da je kaznovanje tujcev celo manj punitivno kot kaznovanje domačih državljanov in za to ponudita nekaj morebitnih razlag.

This book offers insights into the legal mechanisms that are adopted in multilevel constitutional orders to accommodate the tension between contrasting interests of diversity and unity and the converging or diverging effects they may have on the functioning of a multilevel constitutional order.