Suchergebnisse

AbstractRubber latex wastewater contains high level of inorganic anions such as nitrate and phosphate which are more prevalent as groundwater contaminant. The applicability of biofilm forming bacterial isolates to treat rubber latex wastewater was investigated. Microscopic analyses (CLSM and SEM) evaluated that the major component of biofilm other than bacterial cell is EPS matrix. EPS was found to contain higher proportion of lipids and polysaccharide which are required for attachment and absorption of nutrients. ATR‐FTIR and 1H NMR revealed the functional groups present in EPS. Rhodococcus rhodochrous CTI‐14 showed robust biofilm followed by Cellulosimicrobium sp. CTB‐10. Out of six bacterial consortia tested, consortium‐D efficiently removed 95%

–N and 75%

. Taguchi method revealed the optimum parameters to remove the nutrients. The consortium‐D optimally reduced nitrate and phosphate at pH 7 at 37°C. Consortium‐D composed of Cellulosimicrobium sp. CTB‐10, Aeromonas veronii OS‐01, Lysinibacillus sphaericus RTA‐01 and Rhodococcus rhodochrous CTI‐14 was found to be the most efficient bacterial consortium to treat rubber latex wastewater.

The composition of human breast milk is highly variable, and it can be influenced by genetics, diet, lifestyle, and other environmental factors. This study aimed to investigate the impact of geographical location and mode of delivery on the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) metabolic profile of breast milk and its relationship with the milk microbiome. Human milk metabolic and microbiota profiles were determined using NMR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, respectively, in 79 healthy women from Finland, Spain, South Africa, and China. Up to 68 metabolites, including amino acids, oligosaccharides, and fatty acid-associated metabolites, were identified in the milk NMR spectra. The metabolite profiles showed significant differences between geographical locations, with significant differences (p < 0.05) in the levels of galactose, lacto-N-fucopentaose III, lacto-N-fucopentaose I and 2-fucosyllactose, 3-fucosyllactose, lacto-N-difucohexaose II, lacto-N-fucopentaose III, 2-hydroxybutyrate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, proline, N-acetyl lysine, methyl-histidine, dimethylamine, kynurenine, urea, creatine and creatine phosphate, formate, lactate, acetate, phosphocholine, acetylcholine, LDL, VLDL, ethanolamine, riboflavin, hippurate, spermidine, spermine and uridine. Additionally, the effect of caesarean section on milk metabolome was dependent on the geographical region. Specific interrelations between human milk metabolites and microbiota were also identified. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacilli were most significantly associated with the milk metabolites, being either positively or negatively correlated depending on the metabolite. Our results reveal specific milk metabolomic profiles across geographical locations and also highlight the potential interactions between human milk's metabolites and microbes. ; This work has been funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC Starting Grant, project no. 639226). DM gratefully acknowledges financial support from the JPI HDHL (GUTMOM project) and the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades from Spain (PCIN-2017-117 and SAF2014-52875R), and also from the 'Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-funded by FEDER founds' (grant number PIE15/00013). ; Peer reviewed