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Cooperatives in India are playing an active role in the fields of banking. The cooperative movement has been till now limited to agriculture and its allied sectors. The new aim of India is to increase farmers' income by 2022 where 65 of population is dependent on agriculture. In rural areas, there are many landless and agriculture as occupation. Co operative Movement in Karnataka has originated from the co operative experience all over the world. Different types of co operatives developed in different countries of the world and are adopted India and Karnataka. The Cooperative Societies can be defined as an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democratically controlled enterprise. This study aims at the cooperative movements in Karnataka and In this paper We shall also discuss about the cooperative societies structure and growth on the basis of share capital. Mahesh Kumar M "Cooperative Movements in Karnataka: Society Structure and Growth" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23736.pdf

India has nature of multiculturalism. It has the objective of welfare state and it"s represented by the principle of "Secularism". The thousand of years ago the caste system was originated in India. Later, in Vedic period the caste system was structurally organised by the four varns (Brahman, Kshatriya, Vyshya and Shudras) based on the occupation of man. In the changing of Indian civil society the role of "caste" spreads across the state by the recognition of individual. The socio-political changes of the state need to achieve the desired goals of the state in order to providing good facilities and administration to its citizens. The social identities such as culture, customs, traditions and the practices are interfere more in human life irrespective of the human values. Hence, the government has to take care of its citizens providing the services based on its strength and stability. In such a way the role and responsibilities of political parties are essential in the formation of a political system which involved in the social system. Hence, the political parties are act as "agent" of "political socialization" of a man. In the modern age of politics based on the activities of political parties where it creates the public opinion in order to the attractions of people, providing public platforms, providing good services or to create popularity. It means the political identity need not to be the representation of the people by their caste, gender, religion and communal. The political homogeneity is the principle which ensures that political equality among the representatives and their electoral constituency irrespective of the above elements. But unfortunately, In India the Political representation based on few political evils such as caste, money and political blessings. The "caste" is the measuring tool of candidates and the electorates in the electoral constituencies for the beginning of the political process through the political recruitment to receive the portfolios in the government. Therefore, it is a type ...

Today, women in India are scaling equal to that of men in different fields of business, which enabled government to concentrate on creation and development of women entrepreneurship in India. Government of India has launched different financial and other schemes in which some are meant specially for women like Stand-Up India scheme which provides loan only to women and SC/ST entrepreneurs. As on 31.01.2020, 70% of the total loan borrowers of Pradhan Mantri MUDRA are Women. As on 17.02.2020, more than 81% account holders under Stand Up India Scheme are women and Rs. 9106.13 crore has been disbursed for women account holders. We can find women's taking initiatives in different fields but majority of the women entrepreneurs are limiting themselves to small sector. Even though this is help them to become self-employed but focusing on medium and large scale entrepreneurship can help to boost the economic growth. Therefore, the present study tries to find out reasons behind women's taking entrepreneurship in small sectors in large number instead of medium and large scale entrepreneurship. Primary data using telephonic interview, have been extracted from women entrepreneurs who have taken government support in creating their entrepreneurial initiative. Convenience sampling method has been used to select samples. Entrepreneurial qualities and skills are essential for industrial development as well as eradication of poverty by means of creating self employment and employment to others. The Central and the State governments are trying their best for promotion of entrepreneurship among the economically backward castes, particularly scheduled castes and scheduled tribes through policy measures and institutional network. Keeping in view the need and importance of the entrepreneurship development among under privileged communities in the present era of globalization, the present study is undertaken to probe into the entrepreneurial process, problems and challenges faced by the SC/ST entrepreneurs and to make some possible ...

International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications(IJACSA), 6(2), 2015 ; The pathways of information are changing, the physical world itself is becoming a type of information system. In what's called the Internet of Things (IoT), sensors and actuators embedded in physical objects—from roadways to pacemakers—are linked through wired and wireless networks, often using the same Internet Protocol (IP) that connects the Internet. When objects can both sense the environment and communicate, they become tools for understanding complexity and responding to it swiftly. The revolutionary part in all this is that these physical information systems are now beginning to be deployed, and some of them even work largely without human intervention. This paper has addressed the traffic congestion problem with the help of Internet of Things. Increase in the number of vehicles in cities caused by the population and development of economy, has stimulated traffic congestion problems. It is becoming more serious day after day in the present scenario of developing countries. The reason for the same could be categorized as mismanagement of vehicular movement, ineffective system for controlling the mobility of vehicles, uneven roads and traffic snarl-up. Unexpected vehicular queuing is a major concern leading to wasting time of passengers and thwarting ambulance to reach the destination in time. In addition to that, traffic congestion makes it difficult to forecast the travel time accurately causing drivers to allocate more time in travel than scheduled previously. To ease these mounting traffic problems a demonstration is made on the Proof of Concept (POC) using the smart city data set provided by Telecom Italia of Milan city, to verify that these concepts have the potential for real world application and could be used by the government sectors or private transport organizations to ameliorate the passenger's comfort on road which are as follows. A central node is developed which sets the speed limit and predicts a normalized speed separately for each locality from the available data set. For efficient control in mobility of vehicles an advanced dynamic digital board is introduced, which displays the speed limit set by the central node time to time. The normalized speed could be used to estimate the effective time taken between destinations precisely. By comparing normalized speed with real time values anomalies in the locality like congestion and presence of uneven roads is predicted. Accident detection model is integrated with the central node which sends a message to dynamic board indicating location of the accident along with the time taken. It even improves traffic flow around the accident occurred location. Central node together with navigation tools could provide re-routed path to the drivers during congestion or accident. ; http://thesai.org/Downloads/Volume6No2/Paper_19-En-Route_Vehicular_Traffic.pdf

This paper examines electricity supply industry reform in Malaysia and analyses issues and options in relation to electricity market design, integrating distributed resources and incentivising large scale renewable energy deployment in this country. Since the 1990s, Malaysia has been in the process of restructuring its electricity sector with the aim of improving the efficiency, governance, and administration of the sector, maintaining/enhancing the security of electricity supply, and encouraging the growth of low-carbon technologies. The country has faced a number of challenges in all elements across the electricity supply chain and this led to the creation of the Malaysian Electricity Supply Industry (MESI 1.0) reform initiatives, aimed at awarding tenders to competitive independent power producers (IPPs), incentive-based regulation (IBR) with imbalance cost pass through (ICPT), accounting unbundling, and the gradual rationalization of gas subsidies. In the years following MESI 1.0 a range of new industry megatrends emerged– such as digitalization (smart energy network using digital technologies), decentralization (customer participation and integration of distributed resources), and electrification (increase in electricity demand due to electric vehicles and other appliances) –leading to further reform initiatives (MESI 2.0) to make the power sector more efficient, reliable, and sustainable. The paper addresses three main research questions: 1. What is the most suitable reform model for the Malaysian electricity sector which will promote competition, security of supply, and sustainability while at the same time being compatible with the country's own context and government objectives? 2. How does decentralization (distributed generation, storage, demand response, and energy efficiency) affect the Malaysian electricity sector? 3. How do renewable support schemes need to be designed and implemented in order to avoid or minimize distortion in the market? The paper addresses each question in a separate chapter ...

In an era of increasing political disenfranchisement, deep economic inequalities and associated social humiliations encountered by the rapidly globalising planet, this paper seeks to chart the current thinking about the paths that civil society need to take in order to achieve distinctive peace. Here commitment as part of the universal cosmopolitan order is critical to go beyond the binaries of religious and cultural differences. The role of dignity, of interdependency, respect and understanding has become all the more critical to sustain hope and life in this age of austerity. The paper argues for an empowered citizenship, based on dignity and respect to think socially towards inclusive development.

Blasts injuries are responsible for about two-thirds of the conventional combat injuries during any military operation and account for a sizeable number during terrorist activities. The pathophysiology, clinical presentation and urgency of management vary significantly in primary blast injuries. These can lead to a wide range of overt and covert injuries, making diagnosis and management difficult. The clinical picture varies from acute respiratory distress to deafness with absence of any external injuries. Such patients are best identified and dealt with by a team of health care professionals well acquainted with battle field injuries.

In Indian context

This text presents all the aspects relevant to sustainable management of water in urban areas along with suggesting a number of solutions from rainwater harvesting to community participation and public-private-partnerships. This book presents an Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) framework for India.

The potential of civil society in interfacing with the government for ensuring good governance has gained currency in academic and policy debates in the recent times. This becomes particularly relevant in an old democracy like India where the State has not been able to meet the need for basic things. However, the State provides space and freedom for people to engage in collective action, to critically evaluate the State's policies and demand a revision in policy for effective implementation o...