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Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 -- Association of Particulate Matter Emissions, Air Quality and Health Risks in South Asian Cities -- Abstract -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. PM Emissions Scenario in Indian Cities -- 1.3. Air Quality Status and Health Effects of PM Indian Cities -- 1.4. Current and Future Policies and Impact on Air Quality -- 1.5. Discussion and Conclusion -- 1.6. Acknowledgments -- 1.7. References -- Chapter 2 -- Road Traffic and Emissions of Particulate Matter -- Abstract -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Sources of Ambient Particulate Matter -- 2.3. Road Traffic Related Sources -- 2.3.1. Non-Exhaust Emissions -- 2.3.2. Tyre Wear Emissions -- 2.3.3. Brake Wear Emissions -- 2.3.4. Re-Suspended Particles -- 2.4. Exhaust Emissions -- 2.5. Conclusion -- 2.6. References -- Chapter 3 -- Sources and Emissions of Fugitive Particulate Matter -- Abstract -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Mechanisms -- 3.3. Quantification of Emissions -- 3.4. Health Effects of fPM -- 3.5. Control Methods -- 3.6. Summary and Conclusion -- 3.7. Acknowledgments -- 3.8. References -- Chapter 4 -- Aerosol Size Distribution and Health Effects: Biomass Burning versus Urban Aerosol -- Abstract -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Short and Long-Time Effects -- 4.2.1. Chemical Composition -- 4.2.2. Aerosol Size Distribution -- 4.3. Long-Range Transport -- 4.4. Dynamic Behavior of Aerosol Size Distributions -- 4.5. Diurnal Cycle of Aerosol Emissions -- 4.6. Conclusion -- 4.7. References -- Chapter 5 -- Indoor Exposure to Particulate Matter -- Abstract -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Indoor Particulate Matter: Sources -- 5.2.1. Outdoor Contribution -- 5.2.2. Indoor Generation -- 5.3. Indoor Particulate Matter: Penetration and Deposition in Human Respiratory Tract -- 5.4. Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) -- 5.5. Indoor Particulate Matter: Human Health -- 5.5.1. Allergies

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore intents of green advertisements.


Design/methodology/approach
Using NVivo, a convenient sample of 237 green print advertisements published between August 2010 and July 2015 in leading Indian newspapers and magazines were content analysed.


Findings
Four types of intents of green advertisements were identified: intent to communicate corporate environmental approaches; intent to develop believability towards environmental claims; intent to inform consumers; and intent to engage consumers.


Research limitations/implications
This study explored intents of green advertisements and elaborated upon strategic importance of content in green advertising.


Practical implications
The intent-based exploration of green advertisements indicates marketing managers of green products the importance of: expanding their advertising framework that incorporates sharing environmental vision and mission of their companies with consumers, and relating them with consumers' needs and demands; inculcating functional, emotional and experiential elements in green advertisements that facilitate green product experience to the consumers; and active interactions between marketing managers and consumers for effectively capturing market-related information, and accordingly shaping their short- and long-term marketing and advertising decisions.


Originality/value
This study is unique to determine intents of green advertisements.

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in retail has recently generated tremendous high spirits for a few and concern for others. It is supported that it will open floodgates for foreign retailers to speculate and can modification the retail landscape forever in India. FDI in retailing is much talked concerning subject by politician, media, trade specialist and industry experts. The Indian Retail market particularly the small Kirana store is not so well known by the actual means of FDI. The views given by politicians on the topic are terribly numerous and changes from party to party and person to person that has supplementary confusion in mind of those individuals. Retailing in Indiais the pillar of economy and accounts for about 22 percent of its GDP. The Indian retail sector is estimated to be US $500 billion and one of the top five retail markets in the world. India is the fastest growing retail markets in the world with 1.2 billion people.The Retail Business in India is presently at the point of inflection. As of 2008, speedy amendments with investments of US $ 25 billion were being planned by many Indian international firms within the next 5 years. The present study intends to explore the growth trends of FDI in Indian retail sector and also determine the SWOT (Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis of Indian retail Industry.Int. J. Soc. Sci. Manage. Vol-3, issue-2: 129-134

Sustainability requires that consumers and organisations consider how their activities impact on the natural environment. The initial marketing discussion of 'sustainability' as we now define it was into green consumer behaviour and within the literature in this area has continued to grow. This paper analyses 677 journal articles with a green consumer focus that have appeared in 34 leading marketing, psychology and environmental journals between 1975 and 2014. The most influential articles, authors, and institutions are identified using citation analysis. An examination of the trends in topics focused on in the research, over eight five-year periods, identified behavioural intentions, demographics and marketing strategy as the top three subjects in the domain. Overall, the results show that green consumer research is a multidisciplinary research domain that has been explored across a diverse range of issues and contexts, with researchers dispersed globally, ensuring that sustainability continues to be an area of interest within the consumer domain.

AbstractThe wall of differentiation between genuine recommendations by social media influencers and brand‐sponsored promotions has become thinner since brands are increasingly sponsoring influencers to promote their products and services. This study has followed a qualitative research method using the grounded theory approach to conduct in‐depth, one‐to‐one, semi‐structured interviews with 25 social media users to delve into influencers' brand paid promotions and sponsorship disclosure, which marks a grey area in influencer marketing. The results delineate the grey characteristics of influencers through three main themes: (1) Disclosure of paid promotions/ non‐promotions (i.e., content factors), (2) Consumer conviction conundrum (i.e., context factors), and (3) Social media users' avoidance behaviour (i.e., consequences). This study also defines 'Sinfluencer' (i.e., commercially motivated influencers who hide their paid partnerships) and elucidates 'evaluation' as a critical step, thereby extending the discussion on the social media engagement cycle.

Purpose
This study aims to gain insights into the rise of virtual social media influencers and identify the significant theories governing virtual influencers' (VIs) interaction with followers on social media platforms. Studies on VI being scarce in marketing literature, the authors attempt to propose a theoretical model to understand the acceptance of VIs by social media users (SMUs).


Design/methodology/approach
Using a structured literature review and a case study approach, a conceptual model is developed and propositions are offered.


Findings
Parasocial interaction (PSI) between the SMU and VIs builds up source credibility, thereby leading to the acceptance of VIs. Thus, the authors establish that PSI and source credibility theory combine to explain the acceptance of VIs by SMUs. Furthermore, similarity with the VI is another added dimension of source credibility, as suggested by this study. A comparative analysis of the growth of five major VIs elucidates that the fashion, electronic, tourism and health-care industries can use them for promotions and as influencers, especially for luxury products.


Research limitations/implications
VIs are a potent tool to achieve improved brand awareness and to target young consumers (especially Gen Y and Gen Z – millennials).


Originality/value
The emergence of VIs being recent; little is comprehended about their interaction with SMUs. Hence, it becomes important to delineate the foundations of VI–SMU interaction. Thus, this study addresses the gap in identifying the theoretical background and proposes a conceptual model elucidating VI acceptance by SMUs.