Suchergebnisse

The first results of the 2021 Census in Czechia were released in January 2022. The nationwide census was prepared in a combined form using both a census questionnaire and suitable administrative data sources. The aim of this paper is to analyse the data on population characteristics that were published until August 2022 – sex, age, marital status, educational attainment, citizenship, ethnicity, mother tongue, religious belief, and fertility. Where useful the variables are combined with sex/age structure. A basic comparison with data from the 2011 Census was also done. The population of Czechia increased by less than 1% and has grown older between the 2011 and the 2021 Census. The share of the population with higher levels of education continued to increase and 4.7% of the population in the 2021 Census were foreign nationals

Ist das interdisziplinäre Phänomen der extraterritorialen Praxis eine legitime Rechtsbildung? Wie lässt sich dieses Phänomen unter Beachtung der hoheitlichen extraterritorialen Anordnung und der Entstehung durch richterliche Rechtsfortbildung im transnationalen Raum und in aktuellen Globalisierungsprozessen verorten? Claudia Kurkin analysiert die weltweit signifikante unilaterale Praxis unter Auswertung des angloamerikanischen Schrifttums. Sie entwickelt auf der Grundlage der im Forum der Generalversammlung der Vereinten Nationen beschlossenen Sustainable Development Goals einen methodischen Lösungsvorschlag. Seine konsequente Anwendung kann ermöglichen, die bisweilen feindselige extraterritoriale Praxis gegenüber anderen Staaten, der Staatengemeinschaft und Privatrechtssubjekten an weltweit anschlussfähige und praktikable Parameter anzubinden, um faire und transparente Ergebnisse sowie nachhaltiges Recht zu schaffen.

The influence of counter interaction of nonlinear wave in the shallow water has been studied. It is shown that such an interaction leads to a change in the phase of propagation of the main wave, which is forced to propagate along the flow induced by the counter-propagating wave. Estimates of the height of the non-breaking wave at the moment of interaction are in agreement with theoretical predictions. The phase shift in the interaction of non-breaking waves is small enough, but becomes noticeable in the case of the breaking waves motion.

Abstract. The problem of tsunami wave generation by variable meteo-conditions is discussed. The simplified linear and nonlinear shallow water models are derived, and their analytical solutions for a basin of constant depth are discussed. The shallow-water model describes well the properties of the generated tsunami waves for all regimes, except the resonance case. The nonlinear-dispersive model based on the forced Korteweg-de Vries equation is developed to describe the resonant mechanism of the tsunami wave generation by the atmospheric disturbances moving with near-critical speed (long wave speed). Some analytical solutions of the nonlinear dispersive model are obtained. They illustrate the different regimes of soliton generation and the focusing of frequency modulated wave packets.

Possibilities of forecasting of a tsunami characteristics for areas with small base of historical tsunami are discussed. The PTHA method (Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment), which cornerstone the statistical analysis of real and predictive earthquakes which number is rather big, with the subsequent calculation of waves of a Tsunami from possible earthquakes is for this purpose used. This method for assessment of long-term tsunami danger on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt is used. It is shown that the predicted wave heights change along the coast that is caused by heterogeneity of topography of a coastal zone and features of the chart of radiation of a tsunami in the sea. The predicted wave heights for 1000 years change within 0.83.4 m.

Abstract. The 1867 Virgin Island Tsunami reached large magnitude on the coasts of the Caribbean Islands. A maximum tsunami height of 10 m was reported for two coastal locations (Deshaies and Sainte-Rose) in Guadeloupe. Modelling of the 1867 tsunami is performed in the framework of the nonlinear shallow-water theory. The directivity of the tsunami wave source in the Caribbean Sea according to the assumed initial waveform is investigated. The tsunami records at the several coastal regions in the Lesser Antilles, Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico and South America are simulated. The comparison between the computed and observed data is in reasonable agreement.

In the present study we consider propagation of a localized internal perturbation in the form of an oscillating wave packet (breather) of the first mode in a three-layer fluid with an uneven bottom shaped as a smoothed step. The study is carried out by methods of numerical simulation within a fully nonlinear two-dimensional (vertical plane) set of NavierStokes equations. A set of calculations was carried out for different widths and heights of the bottom step. Inhomogeneity of the medium leads to transformation of the internal wave field with the formation of weak reflected waves and one or two first-mode breathers passed to the shallow zone. By analyzing linear stability in terms of Richardson and Froude numbers, it was revealed that potentially unstable regions arise at the smallest values of the step width. An amplitude and energy analysis of secondary reflected nonlinear waves was performed. The vertical mode composition of the fully nonlinear wave field is analyzed. It is shown that the first mode makes the largest contribution to the vertical structure of the full-nonlinear packet, though the fourth, second and the third modes also contribute noticeably.

Abstract. The results of the numerical simulation of possible hydrodynamic perturbations in Lake Chebarkul (Russia) as a consequence of the meteorite fall of 2013 (15 February) are presented. The numerical modeling is based on the Navier–Stokes equations for a two-phase fluid. The results of the simulation of a meteorite entering the water at an angle of 20° are given. Numerical experiments are carried out both when the lake is covered with ice and when it is not. The estimation of size of the destructed ice cover is made. It is shown that the size of the observed ice hole at the place of the meteorite fall is in good agreement with the theoretical predictions, as well as with other estimates. The heights of tsunami waves generated by a small meteorite entering the lake are small enough (a few centimeters) according to the estimations. However, the danger of a tsunami of meteorite or asteroid origin should not be underestimated.