Suchergebnisse

Development of protected forest is often considered to be a way to preserve biodiversity and ecosystem service. To keep protected area, Indonesia government excludinged local people from protected forest by making a policy which prohibits grazing on protected forest. However, the success of protected forest management often depends on the perception of local people because the policy has affected livestock owners who have an interest in forest use. Exclusion of local people from protected forest leads loss of people income and unemployment. This study applied a socioeconomic approach to examine and analyze the livestock owner perception on forest grazing prohibition in Timor Island of Indonesia by conducting a household survey of 36 livestock owners. The study results showed that 30.6%, 50.0%, 19.4%, 0%, and 0% of livestock owners are totally disagree, disagree, neutral, agree, and totally agree, with grazing prohibition, respectively. In addition, people perception was significantly affected by the number of livestock owned by people. It means that livestock owners mostly reject the policy on grazing prohibition. Indeed policy which prohibits grazing on the protected forest is not effective to be implemented. Government and policy maker should review the policy and consider the refusal of livestock owner toward exclusion policy. The interest of local people should be considered in developing a policy on protected forest.

Penelitian ini mengkaji kelayakan finansial dan dampak dari model pengelolaan ternak yang ditemukan di sekitar hutan Gunung Mutis di Pulau Timor. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terhadap 40 masyarakat sekitar hutan. Terdapat dua model pengelolaan ternak yang ditemukan di sekitar hutan. Model pertama adalah model pemeliharaan ternak di dalam kandang dan model kedua adalah model penggembalaan ternak di hutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua model layak secara finansial. Namun demikian, jika menggunakan biaya tenaga kerja komersial, model pemeliharaan ternak di dalam kandang secara finansial tidak layak untuk dilakukan, sedangkan model penggembalaan di hutan layak secara finansial. Model pengelolaan ternak di dalam hutan berdampak negatif terhadap regenerasi pohon sedangkan model pemeliharaan ternak di dalam kandang tidak berdampak negatif terhadap kelestarian hutan. Dari hasil penelitian disarankan agar pemerintah membatasi areal untuk penggembalaan ternak di hutan.Kata kunci: kelayakan finansial; model silvopasture; Mutis; penggembalaan ternak hutan; Timor Livestock Management Models Around Mt. Mutis Forest and Its Impact on Forest SustainabilityAbstractThe study examined the financial feasibility and impacts of livestock management models found around Mt. Mutis forest in Timor Island of Indonesia. Data was collected through interviewing 40 communities around the forest. There were two livestock management models around the forest, the first model was livestock management which raise livestock in the cattle pen, and the second model was livestock management which graze livestock in the forest. This study found that both livestock management models were financially feasible. However, if commercial cost of workers was counted, the livestock management model which raise livestock in the cattle pen was financially not feasible while livestock management model which graze livestock in the forest was financially feasible. Livestock management model which graze livestock in the forest however had negative impacts on the regeneration of trees. On the basis of this study, it is suggested that the government should limit the forest area that could be used for forest grazing.

Communities living surrounding forest have used state forest for grazing area in East Nusa Tenggara Timur Province, Indonesia for a long time. However, Indonesia government have not given them a permit for managing state forest. Government will involve communities in state forest management to generate people income but government ,as a principal, was worried that the communities, as agent, will act in the way contrary to the interest of government. We used a principal agent theory to analyze principal agent problems which will occur if communities manage state forest for silvopasture purpose. The research showed that there are some principal agent problems in silvopasture contract if government give communities a permit for silvopasture purpose, i.e. communities, as agent, are not willing to plant trees and keep forest. Government must control communities to prevent some principal-agent problems in silvopasture contract.