This writing discusses the issue of human rights violation towards Rohingnya ethnic group in Myanmar, as well as the efforts made by international community to fight for Rohingnya's right to be free from Human Rights violation. This writing is decsriptive and analitical by using qualitative method, the data collecting technic is "library research" where the data used to support the argument are obtained by collecting them from various sources such as books or literature, journal, newspaper, magazine, as well as data taken from the internet. The result of the discussion from this writing indicates the existence of the fact that human rights violation towards Rohingnya ethnic group occured in Myanmar as referred to International Human Rights Norm in United Nations Instrument (A universal declaration on Human Rights in 1948). In addition to that, international community is not yet able to persuade Myanmar Government to stop the human rights violation that occurs. International community with modern international network (Transnational Advocacy Networks) should be able to persuade Myanmar to respect human rights especially in the case of Rohingnya ethnic group so that this case ends. Keywords: International Human Rights Norm, Rohingnya Ethnic Group, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Transnational Advocacy Networks.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menganalisis tentang peran pemerintah Indonesia dalam menangani masalah perdagangaan perempuan Indonesia ke Timur Tengah pada tahun 2016-2019. Namun di tengah upaya-upaya yang dilakukan, nyatanya pemerintah Indonesia juga memerlukan adanya sebuah elemen kerjasama dari sebuah lembaga ataupun organisasi, yang diharapkan mampu membantu upaya pemerintah untuk mengatasi masalah perdagangan perempuan yang terjadi di Indonesia, salah satu upaya pemerintah yaitu dengan menjalin kerjasama bersama Internastional Organization for Migration (IOM). Karena mengingat kasus tersebut merupakan kejahatan lintas negara yang terorganisasi yang tidak hanya terjadi didalam negara tetapi telah melintasi batas negara. IOM tidak hanya memenuhi kebutuhan bantuan yang berkaitan dengan fisik, namun juga menjamin dan memelihara lingkungan tempat tinggal yang terjamin kebersihan, keamanan hingga kenyamanan nya. Pemerintah Indonesia dan IOM sudah sama-sama melakukan upaya dalam menangani masalah perdagangan perempuan yang terjadi di Indonesia ke Timur Tengah tersebut, namun bukan berarti upaya tersebut menjamin akan berkurangnya masalah perdagangan orang yang terjadi di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Indonesia, Perdagangan Orang, Internastional Organization for Migration (IOM), Timur Tengah. ABSTRACTThis research analyzes the role of the Indonesian government in dealing with the problem of trafficking of Indonesian women to the Middle East in 2016-2019. However, in the midst of the efforts made, in fact, the Indonesian government also needs an element of cooperation from an institution or organization, which is expected to be able to assist the government's efforts to overcome the problem of trafficking in women that occurs in Indonesia, one of the government's efforts is to collaborate with international partners. Organization for Migration (IOM). Because considering that the case is an organized transnational crime that does not only occur within the state but has crossed national bordersIOM not only meets physical assistance ...
ABSTRACT Prolonged military conflict between the government of Myanmar and Rohingya ethnicity has affected to the neighboring countries, particularly Southeast Asia. Indonesia is one of those affected by exodus of Rohingya ethnicity refugees to Southeast Asia in May 2015. Boats of the refugee exodus tottering in the middle of the sea after left by people smuggler were finally stranded in the Strait of Malacca. The coming of the refugees was rejected by three countries including Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. The Army increased their surveillance and dispelled the boats from entering to sovereignty territory of the Republic of Indonesia, however, the community of Aceh who uphold the Human Right values, felt a pity with condition of the refugees and immediately gave a help and bought them to the land. After were criticized by local and international people due to their refusal to the refugees from Myanmar, finally the three countries made a consultation meeting. Indonesia and Malaysia stated to welcome the refugees of Rohingya ethnicity for one year. This research was aimed at analyzing change of Indonesian stance toward the coming of Rohingya ethnicity refugees from Myanmar in the middle of May 2015. The change of Indonesian stance from rejecting the coming of Rohingya ethnicity with many reasons to accept them for a year was the main problem of study in this research. The problem was analyzed by using qualitative descriptive method with constructivism paradigm as the argument basis and was strengthen by concept of refugees and Human Right values (HAM). Based on the finding of this research, it is concluded that the change of Indonesian stance from refusing to be accepting the Rohingya ethnicity refugees was due to insistence of local and international people as well as Indonesian identity as a country upholding Human Right values. Keyword: Indonesia, refugees, Rohingya ethnicity, Human Right values. ABSTRAK Kehadiran gelombang pengungsi etnis Rohingya yang mencari suaka ke wilayah Asia Tenggara, menimbulkan polemik. Kapal-kapal eksodus para pengungsi etnis Rohingya yang terombang-ambing di tengah laut setelah ditinggalkan oleh para penyelundup manusia, terdampar di perairan dekat Selat Malaka. Kehadiran para pengungsi tersebut ditolak oleh tiga negara : Indonesia, Malaysia dan Thailand. TNI meningkatkan pengawasan dan menghalau kapal-kapal para pengungsi yang memasuki wilayah kedaulatan RI, namun masyarakat Aceh merasa iba melihat kondisi para pengungsi dan segera membawa para pengungsi ke darat. Setelah mendapat kecaman dari lokal dan internasional karena menolak para pengungsi asal Myanmar tersebut, akhirnya Indonesia dan Malaysia menyatakan bersedia menampung para pengungsi asal Rohingya selama satu tahun. Penelitian ini menelaah perubahan sikap Indonesia yang semula menolak dengan berbagai alasan, akhirnya bersedia menampung para pengungsi etnis Rohingya selama satu tahun. Permasalahan tersebut dianalisis menggunakan metode deskripsi kualitatif dengan paradigma konstruktivisme sebagai dasar argumen dan diperkuat dengan konsep pengungsi (refugees). Berdasarkan temuan hasil penelitian, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa perubahan sikap Indonesia yang akhirnya bersedia menerima para pengungsi etnis Rohingya dikarenakan identitas Indonesia sebagai negara yang menjunjung tinggi norma HAM. Kata Kunci : Indonesia, pengungsi, etnis Rohingya, identitas, norma HAM.
Violence and abuse against Indonesian unskilled labourers and migrant workers has become prolific and is a serious breach of human rights. This research will provide a basis to understanding physical violence and abuse against Indonesian migrant workers overseas from a policy and government perspective. This issue will be analyzed with four different perspectives including; non-government organizations working in the field, governments and legislation which are obliged to protect migrant workers against abuse, agents who send Indonesian migrant workers overseas and victims who have returned following employment overseas. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods will be applied through the compilation and analysis of statistics by government and non-government organizations, assessing trends, demographics and social factors that increase the risk of exploitation and also providing an overview of relevant legislation. Victims, witnesses, agents and other concerned parties will give testimony to provide primary data and greater insight into the issue. Understanding the causes and trends behind these phenomena will provide a sturdy foundation on which to build long term policy solutions and cooperation among nations.
In dealing with the conflict in Papua, the Indonesian government has made various efforts, one of which is changing the status of the Free Papua Organization (OPM) which was originally defined as an armed criminal group, then changed to a terrorist group. The focus of this research is the change in the status of the OPM to the terrorist organization. This research is analytical with an explanatory approach that explains the reasons behind the policy taken by the Indonesian government to change the status of OPM to a terrorist organization. In collecting data to build arguments in this study using a literature study approach, where data is obtained from various literature sources such as books, journals, documents or reports, and also from internet sources that are considered relevant. The findings of this study can be illustrated that the Indonesian government's policy to change the status of the OPM to a terrorist organization has been motivated by several reasons, including: OPM has met the definitive requirements as a terrorist; expanding the space for the Indonesian government to deal with the OPM, including facilitating the tracking and blocking of funding for the OPM movement; To gain legitimacy from any efforts or steps taken to confront OPM; Using the "war on terror" norm to reduce the perception of human rights violations committed by the Indonesian government.
The Indonesian government has made a counter-terrorism legal instrument starting in 2001. And the making of counter-terrorism policies in Indonesia was carried out after the 9/11 event. Even though the phenomenon of terrorism that occurred in Indonesia existed before 2001. Even since Indonesia became an independent state, there have been many events that can be classified into the phenomenon of terrorism. But the Indonesian government responded by making legal instruments after 2001. In overcoming terrorism, the Indonesian government prefers a repressive approach. Detachment 88 as a special anti-terrorist force, allegedly has committed many human rights violations. Even in the last 10 years, at least 120 suspected terrorists were killed in the arrest process and 40 people were victims of wrongful arrests. In addition, more than 80% of them were subjected to torture. However, the repressive approach has not been able to reduce the number of terrorist attacks in Indonesia. Therefore, this research seeks to find what factors that influencing the Indonesian government to make repressive counter-terrorism policies in Indonesia. The findings revealed the existence of several factors including the persuasion of the international community, the influence of international norms, and the perception of the Indonesian government in understanding the threat of terrorism which is influenced by past experience.
The present study discusses the role of NGOs in the efforts of the Indonesian Humanitarian Alliance for Myanmar (AKIM: Aliansi Kemanusian Indonesia Untuk Myanmar) to handle the humanitarian crisis experienced by Ethnic Rohingya groups in Myanmar in 2017. This phenomenon in Myanmar began to draw a lot of attention when the AKIM was able to contribute to the cause even though state actors and IGO attempts were blocked by the Myanmar government. In this case, NGOs were able to play a role outside the traditional structure of modern international relations that was inaccessible to state or international organizations (IGOs) or state governments. This phenomenon indicates that NGOs have more access to attempts to settle the humanitarian crisis being experienced by the ethnic Rohingya groups in Myanmar. This is notable because the Myanmar government has blocked the aid of other countries and IGOs and has denied the assistance offered by the United Nations. The qualitative method was used in this study, employing a case study model to observe the effects that occurred. During data collection researchers, used study documents, and then the data was processed through interpretive analytical techniques to draw conclusions and formulate a model for the study.
