Suchergebnisse

The aim of this paper is to highlight major shifts in research regarding children and childhood as a narrative of the author. It starts from presenting a retrospective of child poverty research in Estonia, and it is demonstrated how it has developed from the social and political acknowledgement of poverty as a social issue in the early 1990s. Then it revisits main shifts in theory and methodology of childhood research and reaches international comparative approaches to child subjective and relational well-being.

Résumé Cet article s'intéresse à l'enfant comme acteur du jeu intergénérationnel. Après quelques données statistiques sont abordées les politiques familiales et leurs conséquences sur le bien-être des enfants. L'auteur évoque la solidarité intergénérationnelle et revient sur les débats qui ont entouré l'allocation familiale universelle (adoptée en 1992) et l'allocation de congé parental (adoptée en janvier 2004). Il conclut que les enfants sont les "parents pauvres" de la solidarité intergénérationnelle.

This book focuses on how EU welfare policies are implemented at the local level in 11 European cities and how local policy making addresses women's care responsibilities. The book studies the complex combination of and the relationships between local political processes, policies, institutions, structural conditions and outputs, as well as outcomes for the women's labour market integration. It demonstrates how cultural settings and multi-level governance patterns form the 'playground' for local policy makers to formulate their welfare policies concerning service provision. The book further demonstrates how local production systems and the situation of the local labour market influence the prospects that women have in working and caring.EU welfare policy promotes the labour market integration of women as well as gender equality. The provision of adequate care services is vital in supporting women's employment. Within comparative welfare research, the focus has been on the national welfare systems and policies even if care services are overwhelmingly provided by local authorities that in many EU member states enjoy considerable autonomy. This book fills the gap in understanding local welfare policy making from a comparative perspective. Dagmar Kutsar, PhD., is an Associate Professor of Social Policy at the University of Tartu in Estonia. Her research interests are around family, childhood and welfare research and policies. She has been a partner in several international research projects such as EU 6FP PROFIT, IPROSEC, NoE EQUALSOC, EU FP7 FLOWS and others. She has been a member of a Standing Committee of Social Sciences of the European Science Foundation, member of the Executive Committee and Chair of the National Associations Council of the European Sociological Association and Expert of the EU 7FP Youth Social Inclusion Cluster at the European Commission. She has co-edited a book by Routledge 'Internationalisation of Social Sciences in Central and Eastern Europe. The 'Catching Up' - A Myth or a Strategy?' in 2010. Marjo Kuronen received her PhD at the University of Stirling, Scotland, UK in 1999. She is professor in social work at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland, adjunct professor at the University of Tampere, Finland and visiting professor at the University of Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Her research interests combine family research, feminist research and social work research. She has studied e.g. the relationships between women, family and the welfare state and gender division in parenting. She has recently been involved in two EC FP7 funded projects, FAMILYPLATFORM (2009-10) and FLOWS (2010-14) and a Finnish Academy funded project on Children's Emotional Security in Multiple Family Relations (2011-14).

This book focuses on how EU welfare policies are implemented at the local level in 11 European cities and how local policy making addresses womenℓ́ℓs care responsibilities. The book studies the complex combination of and the relationships between local political processes, policies, institutions, structural conditions and outputs, as well as outcomes for the womenℓ́ℓs labour market integration. It demonstrates how cultural settings and multi-level governance patterns form the ℓ́ℓplaygroundℓ́ℓ for local policy makers to formulate their welfare policies concerning service provision. The book further demonstrates how local production systems and the situation of the local labour market influence the prospects that women have in working and caring. EU welfare policy promotes the labour market integration of women as well as gender equality. The provision of adequate care services is vital in supporting womenℓ́ℓs employment. Within comparative welfare research, the focus has been on the national welfare systems and policies even if care services are overwhelmingly provided by local authorities that in many EU member states enjoy considerable autonomy. This book fills the gap in understanding local welfare policy making from a comparative perspective.

Estonians are obliged by law to provide maintenance for family members who are unable to cope by themselves. As a result, 80% of fragile older people receive informal care. Whether this is because the carers themselves feel solidarity and choose informal caring or because they lack alternatives is the question. We applied the cultural approach for explaining the construction of compulsory family solidarity in care provision to older people through the perceptions of informal carers and policy actors. Our interest is in how filial norms framed by individual responsibilities of care provision required by law can influence (i) informal carers' perceptions concerning their choices between work and care and (ii) impact policy actors' perceptions concerning eldercare service provision. Analysing the empirical data produced during focus groups with female carers and interviews with policy actors, we demonstrate the triple‐fold pressure to informal caregiving as an expression of compulsory family solidarity.Key Practitioner Message: • The article demonstrates how the national Family Law Act constitutes a compulsory requirement of family solidarity in society; • The compulsory family solidarity norm influences local‐level policymaking and inhibits the development of formal care services for older people; • Informal carers' choices between work and care are shaped by their personal filial norms, familialistic policymaking, and pressure exerted by older people.

"Using data from two nationally representative surveys (Estonian Living Conditions survey 1994, n=4,455;
Estonian Social Survey 2004, n=8,906), we assess whether informal support networks have changed
during the ten year period in Estonia. We hypothesize that during this period due to the establishment
of a new welfare system and an overall increase in living standards, on one hand, and diversification of
family forms and increased geographic mobility of the population on the other, family support networks
have lost their functionality. Our findings show that informal support has decreased between relatives,
while mutual helping activities with non-relatives – neighbours, colleagues and friends – have remained
almost at the same level. We suggest that the developments in the Estonian society are 'crowding out'
the instrumental support exchange in the kinship system and empowering social networking with nonrelatives." (author's abstract)

Internationalisation of Social Sciences in Central and Eastern Europe explores the way in which social sciences, in comparison with other sciences in Europe, have been divided by the political orders of West and East. As part of the field of science policies in Europe, this book contributes to the creation of a new understanding of the European academic landscape of social sciences with particular focus on CEE countries.In its investigation of the emergence of social sciences in Central and Eastern Europe following the collapse of the totalitarian systems, this book discusse

Internationalisation of Social Sciences in Central and Eastern Europe explores the way in which social sciences, in comparison with other sciences in Europe, have been divided by the political orders of West and East. As part of the field of science policies in Europe, this book contributes to the creation of a new understanding of the European academic landscape of social sciences with particular focus on CEE countries.In its investigation of the emergence of social sciences in Central and Eastern Europe following the collapse of the totalitarian systems, this book discusse.