Suchergebnisse

This paper analyzes the foreign trade of agro-food products between Republic of Serbia and the European Union with special emphasis on trade with the nine European Union member states that are part of the Danube Region (EU9). Period between 2004-2013 has been analized, covering three enlargements of the European Union and implementation of the Interim Trade Agreement between Serbia and the European Union. Data used are the official data of the Statistical office of the Republic of Serbia and EUROSTAT, in order to identify changes in the relative importance of EU9 in trade with Serbia. The research results will confirm importanceof EU9 in relation to all EU Member States and that Serbia, with its natural characteristics and geographic location, have opportunities for improvement of mutual trade relations that are still not used to a greater extent.

Rural development is a very complex social, political, economic, ecological, cultural, and development issue, and represents a significant challenge for developed and developing countries. In the context of the analysis of rural development, this scientific work deals with the importance and promotion of rural tourism in Serbia, with a focus on international experiences.Rural tourism offers visitors an "rural environment" so that provides him a unique way to experience the life network of nature, culture and people. The economic development of Serbia is characterized by variation is, particularly expressed in rural and urban areas. Rural areas are far behind as compared to urban. On the other hand, the rural resource base is seen as a rich and varied and provides an almost ideal conditions for the development of different types of activities and services, and it is especially good for the development of various types of tourist activities. Besides general, the work deals with the specific issues of rural tourism. In this regard, attention is focused on the major challenges for sustainable development of rural tourism in Serbia, the competitive disadvantages of rural tourism in Serbia, as well as the main activities for the sustainable development of rural tourism in Serbia.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze agricultural policy measures aimed at young farmers and to compare the support system of the European Union and the Republic of Serbia. The dominant method in the research is the descriptive analysis. The comparative analysis method is used for investigating advantages and limitations of the support to young farmers in the EU and the Republic of Serbia. The unfavorable age structure of farmers represents the essential limitation for the sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to improve and strengthen agricultural policy measures of support to young farmers, which will lead to property increase, diversification of income and higher standards of living and consequently to the decision of young people to stay in the village and work in agriculture.

Transactions with futures and other derivatives began their development in the XIX century on the exchanges in USA and other developed countries, but financial market in Serbia is still underdeveloped with exchange materials, volumes and number of participants. Investors on the Belgrade Stock Exchange mostly trade with stocks and government bonds. Also, Agrar Product Novi Sad has organized only spot trading of agricultural products. The paper goal is to present all relevant assumptions and significance of derivative trading development in Serbia with discussion about choice to start derivative trading on the already existing exchanges or to establish a new futures exchange that is going to be specialized for derivative trading. As the research method authors use content analysis and comparison of significant national and foreign literature with analyses of trading volumes on international and domestic exchanges. Authors recommend that Agrar Product Novi Sad be the first in expansion of market listing with commodity futures and options. On this way market is going to be deeper, creating efficient mechanisms for investor's protection from price risks, creating conditions for safer and long term production planning, with increase in market attractivity that could set the Agrar Product Novi Sad as a leader in commodity derivative trading in the South-East Europe.

Transactions with futures and other derivatives began their development in the XIX century on the exchanges in USA and other developed countries, but financial market in Serbia is still underdeveloped with exchange materials, volumes and number of participants. Investors on the Belgrade Stock Exchange mostly trade with stocks and government bonds. Also, Agrar Product Novi Sad has organized only spot trading of agricultural products. The paper goal is to present all relevant assumptions and significance of derivative trading development in Serbia with discussion about choice to start derivative trading on the already existing exchanges or to establish a new futures exchange that is going to be specialized for derivative trading. As the research method authors use content analysis and comparison of significant national and foreign literature with analyses of trading volumes on international and domestic exchanges. Authors recommend that Agrar Product Novi Sad be the first in expansion of market listing with commodity futures and options. On this way market is going to be deeper, creating efficient mechanisms for investor's protection from price risks, creating conditions for safer and long term production planning, with increase in market attractivity that could set the Agrar Product Novi Sad as a leader in commodity derivative trading in the South-East Europe.

The goal of the paper is to present improvements in decision-making processes under conditions of risk and uncertainty. The identification of the risk source and uncertainty, which affects the decision-making of farmers, is an important activity on which depends the achievement of better financial effects. Many decisions in the agriculture have the outcomes which are realized through the longer period, after the decision is made. The sources of risk and uncertainty in agriculture are varied, but it can be summarized in five areas of management: production and technology, prices and market, finance, legislation and employees. Risk management in agriculture is engaged in reducing the possibilities of unfavourable outcomes or alleviating its negative effects. Not every decision will be right every time, but decision-making under uncertainty is difficult. The decision can be improved by identification of possible events, assessment of values of its outcomes and variability. Decision tree, matrix profitability and cumulative distribution function can be used in choosing between the risky variants.

Aiming to track the implementation of the Stabilisation and Association Agreement with the European Union, there the mutual trade exchange of agro-industrial products was analysed, first of all the trade with seed corn, which fell in line with the most important agro-industrial products of Serbia in trade with the European Union. In order to track the relative changes in trade exchange value, an eleven-year-lasting period was analysed by using the comparative advantage model in international trade, while the absolute data values were shown through a prism of constant prices. There were used the official data of the European Union, as well as the official data of the Republic Statistical Office.

The priority aim of the Republic of Serbia in the framework of "CEFTA", in addition to striving to become a member of the WTO should be the aspiration to full membership in the European Union. Accession to the WTO countries is, in effect, to give up a degree of national sovereignty. Benefits of harmonizing the legal framework for the country which are CEFTA signatories mainly depend on their business - export structure and the degree of liberalization of regulations in key sectors compatible with WTO provisions. It envisions the transformation of customs duties and non-tariff protection measures through the so-called tariffication - calculating the average ratio of selective domestic and international (import) prices of agricultural products during the reference period. To survive in conditions of excessive global supply of agricultural products moderate zone, which is based on the high direct and indirect care, Serbia should conduct an active policy of subsidizing domestic agricultural production, exports and imports to protect domestic production in accordance with the terms and conditions of the world market, WTO and the European Union in the framework of CEFTA.

The priority aim of the Republic of Serbia in the framework of 'CEFTA ', in addition to striving to become a member of the WTO should be the aspiration to full membership in the European Union. Accession to the WTO countries is, in effect, to give up a degree of national sovereignty. Benefits of harmonizing the legal framework for the country which are CEFTA signatories mainly depend on their business - export structure and the degree of liberalization of regulations in key sectors compatible with WTO provisions. It envisions the transformation of customs duties and non-tariff protection measures through the so-called tariffication - calculating the average ratio of selective domestic and international (import) prices of agricultural products during the reference period. To survive in conditions of excessive global supply of agricultural products moderate zone, which is based on the high direct and indirect care, Serbia should conduct an active policy of subsidizing domestic agricultural production, exports and imports to protect domestic production in accordance with the terms and conditions of the world market, WTO and the European Union in the framework of CEFTA.

Considering that agriculture is significant activity in the Republic of Serbia, the country pursues the politics of encouraging it through the agricultural budget in order to develop and bring greater effects. The aim of paper is to depict the state of agriculture in the Republic of Serbia and agricultural budget, as an instrument of agricultural politics in function of agricultural sector development. Tendency is to explore whether the amount and structure of agricultural budget is adequate to objectives of the Strategy for agriculture development of the Republic of Serbia. By application of historical and descriptive method, the impact of agricultural budget to the agriculture development in the Republic of Serbia is reviewed. On the other hand, comparative analysis of statistical data provided the adoption of conclusions on the structure and amount of agricultural budget for the future. Graphical methods, indicators, logical methods and other standard methods are also used. For the more dynamic agriculture development of the Republic of Serbia, the resources of agricultural budget are not sufficient. The reform of agricultural policy is necessary, where the agricultural budget will gain in significance. The most effective is to direct the resources to new investments, infrastructural projects in rural areas, to stimulate intensive and export-oriented production, processing, as well as systems of sustainable agriculture.

The purpose of the research is to identify the level of Government support to farmers' income in the Republic of Serbia. This support is based on market measures and budgetary transfers directed towards producers. As budgetary transfers are defined in the agricultural policy, by applying the producer support estimate (PSE) methodology, it is indirectly evaluated whether agricultural policies have a positive or negative impact on farmers' income and their economic status and the economic sustainability of farms. Producers of more significant agricultural commodities covered by the analysis in the period between 2012 and 2016 did not get any significant support from the state. Namely, most of the analyzed commodities had negative values of single commodity transfer (SCT) indicators, which means that agricultural producers received more taxes than incentives. In addition to the modest budgetary transfers, variations in their forms further negatively affect producers' income. Low share of budgetary transfers in the support structure to farmers leads to the conclusion that the support to farmers' income through higher prices on the domestic market is paid by consumers.