Search results

The article examines the psychological features of the implementation of socially communicative language intentions at non-specialized faculties, the mechanisms of speech formation from the standpoint of an active approach. The article revealed the essence of communicative competence by distinguishing the basic principles of communicative linguistics: the interaction of linguistic and social sides of communication; presence of the purpose, object, place and time of the specific cue in the linguistic intention of the person; training in foreign languages, based on the analysis of functions and conditions of communication, and then – on the identification of systematic features. There is an important role of the presence of linguistic intentions in the communicative competence, the ability to implement them in the process of communication and mastering a variety of linguistic formulas. Analyzing the subject of the study, we have identified some specific characteristics of foreign language as an academic discipline: the inability of foreign language to give a person direct knowledge of the reality; meaninglessness of foreign language, its infinity, dimensionlessness and homogeneity; the opportunity to realize the social and communicative needs of the subject of learning in the course of language activities and learning a foreign language. The subject of the article's analysis was also the differentiation and disclosure of the concepts of "speech", "language" and "speech activity" in terms of the active approach, in comparison with the linguistic concept of language, which is customary to be used in the methodology of teaching foreign languages. Thus language was considered as a mean, and speech – as a way of formulating thought in linguistic activity process of the subject of communication. It was concluded that linguistic means, on one hand, are the subjects of training, means and methods in process of activity are inseparable interconnection and interaction, and on the other hand – knowledge of the linguistic means is not the only condition for successful and effective mastery way of forming and formulating an opinion adopted in a foreign language environment.

The article deals with the analyzes of foreign investors role in Russian regions based on the data on the investment in fixed assets of organizations with foreign capital and the regions attractiveness for foreign and domestic investors based on non-budgetary investment to GRP. New approaches are suggested to quantitative assessment of branch specialization of regions (first of all for metal and oil and gas industry) and the volume of their markets, which are among the factors explaining inter-regional differences in the role of foreign capital. Also the importance of the state investment policy, the size of regional economy, offshore origin of foreign capital is shown.

Basing on synthesis of earlier conducted research of regional development trends and factors the author offers a model of hierarchy of factors, similar to Maslow's hierarchy of needs. The proposed pyramid shows that federal regional policy is needed when there is a significant difference in basic factors (e.g. underdeveloped infrastructure). The regional grass-roots policy becomes essential when the regional development starts to depend more on such factors as creativity of the population. The author concludes that in today's Russia the regional policy from the top is of high priority.

Досліджується вплив політичних цінностей та орієнтацій на розвиток політичної культури у період трансформації українського суспільства. Розглядається, як формування політичних цінностей та орієнтацій пов'язане з політичною культурою та політичною соціалізацією.Аналізується зв'язок політичних ціннісних орієнтацій та політичної культури на регіональному рівні. Підкреслюється роль засобів масової інформації (у першу чергу, телебачення) у формуванні політичних поглядів та орієнтацій. ; The aim of this article is to consider the political value orienting of the Ukrainian population and to clarify its influence on the formation of the political culture and political behaviour.In the modern period the level of the adoption of the political values is determined by the degree of forming the political values orienting and by the way the person realizes ideas he or she feels important for them (e.g. – 2012 Supreme Council votes).Political traditions and values orientations intensify the pattern of behaviour that forms the political identity. Political traditions can be changed by external and internal circumstances of their reorienting.The components of the political value orienting receive new political attitudes and value orientations.In the period of changes the alternation of generations has a great impact on the person's preferences and on the formation of political traditions. Significant changes may serve the reason for ruining the system of political attitudes and value orientations that involves the chaos in all spheres of public life.The political value orienting of the Ukrainian society in the modern time is to be directed to the formation of the pattern of political behaviour that will build the base for political unity of the society and develop political culture.The democracy in Ukraine can successfully proceed subject to the formation of the political culture which is to be initiated by public organizations instead of forcing the "democracy" by the power and the foreign aid. ; Исследуется влияние политических ценностей и ориентаций на развитие политической культуры в период трансформации украинского общества. Рассматривается, как формирование политических ценностей и ориентаций связано с политической культурой и политической социализацией. Анализируется связь политических ценностных ориентаций и политической культуры на региональном уровне. Подчеркивается роль средств массовой информации (в первую очередь, телевидения) в формировании политических взглядов и ориентаций.

This article includes the concept of country risk. Different definitions of country risk are given. Country risk influences on the Russian economy. The article has new risks for business caused by country risk, and opportunities for development of business andeconomy. ; В данной статье рассматривается такое понятие, как страновой риск. Приведены различные подходы к определению странового риска. Выявлено его влияние на российскую экономику. Также в статье рассматриваются новые риски для бизнеса, появление которых обусловлено проявлением странового риска, и возникновение возможностей для развития бизнеса и экономики в целом.

The article deals with some aspects of the Spatial Development Strategy 2018: the role and place of the Strategy among other strategic documents, the challenges addressed by the Strategy, the accomplished transition to the work with "space" instead of "administrative regions", and the still debatable questions related to the problems of regional development and the role of agglomerations in it.

THE CREATION OF A PRIVATE SECTOR IN THE ECONOMY HAS BEEN ONE OF THE MOST CONSPICUOUS ELEMENTS OF POST-COMMUNIST REFORMS IN RUSSIA. THIS ARTICLE MAKES AN ATTEMPT TO DRAW ATTENTION TO ONE ASPECT OF RUSSIAN PRIVATIZATION WHICH IS OFTEN UNDERRATED IN THE LITERATURE BUT WHICH HAS CONTRIBUTED SUBSTANTIALLY TO THE BLEAK PERFORMANCE OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES IN RECENT YEARS. IT ARGUES THAT THE RUSSIAN STATE HAS FAILED TO UTILIZE HUGE POWERS TO THE BENEFIT OF THE FIRMS IN WHICH IT HAS SHARES, THEIR OTHER SHAREHOLDERS AND THE SHAREHOLDER CULTURE IN GENERAL.

This paper is devoted to the measurement of inflation expectations in Russia based on stock market data for the period from July 2015 to December 2016. It calculates the difference between the yields of the nominal and inflation-indexed government bonds and adjusts it to the inflation risk premium and liquidity risk premium to obtain inflation expectations. This net indicator represents inflation expectations of the participants of the stock market. The estimated inflation expectations can be used to analyze the effectiveness of the information policy.

У статті розглянуто офіційні настанови розвитку питань іншомовної освіти в межах інтегрування Європейського простору вищої освіти. Висвітлюються рішення і дії Ради Європи та Європейського Союзу, спрямовані на формування мультилінгвальної та багатокультурної Європи. Визначено, що вирішення проблеми здійснюється на індивідуальному, національному та наднаціональному рівнях. Встановлено, що сфера вищої освіти розглядається як важливий чинник, що дозволяє формувати відкритий простір європейської вищої освіти, сприяти мобільності європейців, пропонувати важливі засоби економічного зростання шляхом поліпшення вивчення іноземних мов. Схарактеризовано пріоритети навчання іноземних мов у вищій освіті й суттєвий вплив розвитку мовних і мовленнєвих умінь для ефективного функціонування в сучасному світі. ; The article deals with foreign language learning policy making in Europe and in European higher education in particular. The study points out that demands are made not only for the recognition of a citizenship of residence, but also for an acknowledgement of the value of a diversity of languages and cultures for all countries. The leading European agencies (The Council of Europe, The European Union) decisions and activities directed at the promotion of foreign language learning in higher education are considered. The efforts made to raise awareness of the European Union and Council of Europe recommendations for promoting language learning and linguistic diversity across Europe and to promote European co-operation in developing language policies and practices for higher education are discussed. The article also focuses on the implications of the Bologna Process for the field of HE language education (languages and academic mobility, languages and employability, lifelong language learning). The investigated data prove that globalization and integration set a new economic context for the developments in HE foreign language provision. The adopted decisions are connected with raising foreign language proficiency at the individual, national and supranational levels. The tasks and practical solutions are aimed at the creation of a European Higher Education area, allowing for mobility of students, graduates and higher education staff; preparing students for their future careers and for life as active citizens; offering broad access to high quality higher education, based on academic freedom by means of promotion language learning in higher education and acquisition of foreign language skills. The calls for academic mobility lead to understanding that students, graduates, and teaching staff need a potentially wide range of communicative skills which arise out of the various tasks which they may have to perform in a foreign language (gaining access to specialised material in another language, participating in mobility programmes and in international projects, the professional communication skills, socialization skills etc.) The priorities of foreign language learning and teaching within European higher education context are characterized (needs analysis, professionally-oriented language learning, creating diversity of language learning models).

The relevance of the topic is due to the need to use of such category as "co-opetition" by public and local government authorities when implementing their powers in the tourism sphere. We divide the term "co-opetition" into two categories: "coexisting competition" and "competitive coexistence". The problem field of the study is that in the conditions of crisis development, it is difficult to choose and implement new measures and approaches aimed at improving the economic situation in Russia and its regions, diversify the economy. In modern conditions, it is important and effective to develop domestic tourism and incoming tourism in Russia as well as its effective functioning. Russia has considerable natural and ecological, cultural and historical resources. However, the imperfection of the authorities operation and a mechanism of combined implementation of projects by different territories prevent the transformation of tourism industry into the economic powerhouse. In this regard, on the example of Siberian regions, we offer to the authorities to use co-opetition (in both of its meanings) in the combined development of tourism and to establish on this basis the tourist mega-cluster "Fairy Siberia". The study of foreign experience has allowed revealing the positions, in which Russia falls behind other countries-leaders in the tourism industry. The proposed approach is promising, and it is based on joint efforts of regions and saving money due to the economies of scale. At the same time, it allows the regions to develop their competitive advantages. The practical significance of the received results consists in the possibility of their use by the public and local authorities in the implementation of effective policy for the development of tourism industry. ; Рассмотрен новый инновационный управленческий подход развития туризма на межрегиональном и региональном уровнях на основе сотруенции и соткуренции. Предложено создание туристического мегакластера "Сказочная Сибирь" в субъектах Российской Федерации Западной и Восточной Сибири.