Suchergebnisse

En række sociologer har de seneste år peget på, at den postindustrielle serviceøkonomi stiller stadigt større krav til servicemedarbejderes sociale og følelsesmæssige kompetencer. Eva Illouz (2008) argumenterer eksempelvis for, at vestlige samfund kendetegnes af en "emotionel kapitalisme", hvor følelsesmæssige kompetencer er blevet en central stratifikationsfaktor, som marginaliserer især mænd med en traditionel arbejderklasse habitus. Men få studier har undersøgt, hvordan arbejdsgivere rent faktisk vurderer ansøgernes sociale og følelsesmæssige kompetencer. Gennem interviews og observationsstudier har artiklens forfatter undersøgt, hvordan verdens største ambulanceoperatør vurderer og værdsætter ansøgeres sociale og følelsesmæssige kompetencer gennem rekrutteringsprocessen til stillingen som ambulanceredderelev. Artiklen viser med udgangspunkt i fire ansættelsessamtaler med mandlige ansøgere, hvordan ansøgerens primære følelsesmæssige habitus har betydning for samtalens udfald og de sympatirelationer, som skabes i forbindelse med samtalen. Data viser også, at selvom ledelsen fremhæver, at personlighed og empati er afgørende i screeningen af ansøgerne, så anvender virksomheden ikke personlighedstest eller andre psykologiske teknologier i rekrutteringsprocessen. Sociale og følelsesmæssige kompetencer vurderes derimod ud fra ansøgerens institutionaliserede omsorgskapital samt bedømmelsesudvalgets mavefornemmelse af ansøgerens følelsesmæssige dispositioner og evne til at passe ind både i faget og virksomhed.


ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Morten Kyed: "We Are a Business that Is Really above Average in Empathy": Recruiting "Soft Competences" in Ambulance Service

A number of sociologists have suggested that the post-industrial service economy is placing increasing demands on service employees' social and emotional skills. Eva Illouz (2008), for instance, argues that Western societies are characterised by an "emotional capitalism", in which emotional competencies are pivotal for social stratification and marginalisation of men with a traditional working class habitus. However, few studies have examined how employers actually assess applicants' social and emotional skills. Through interviews and observational studies, the author has studied how the world's largest ambulance operator assesses and evaluates social and emotional skills of ambulance apprentice applicants. Employing four job interviews with male candidates, the article illustrates how the applicant's primary emotional habitus is important for the construction of sympathy relations during the job interviews and the outcome of the conversation. The data also shows that although management emphasises that personality and empathy are crucial when screening applicants, the company does not use personality tests or other psychological technologies in the recruitment process. Assessment of social and emotional skills is based on the candidate's "institutionalised care capital" and the assessment committee's gut feeling about the applicant's emotional disposition and ability to fit into both the vocation and the company.

Keywords: service work, service economy, recruitment, social competences, emotional competences, gender.

Trods den vedvarende kønnede ulighed i forekomsten af arbejdsulykker og
utallige studiers beskrivelser af sammenhæng mellem maskulinitet og risikoadfærd,
har kun ganske få studier undersøgt sammenhængen mellem mænds
køns- og sikkerhedspraksis på arbejde. Baseret på 575 timers etnografisk feltarbejde
og 20 interviews med mandlige ambulancereddere belyser denne
artikel nogle centrale sammenhænge mellem mandlige ambulanceredderes
maskulinitets- og sikkerhedspraksis. Artiklen viser, hvordan mandlige ambulancereddere
bl.a. praktiserer sikkerhed ved at positionere sig i opposition
til en kollektiv fortælling om fortidens "John Wayne- og Tarzan Syndrom".
Undertiden udtrykkes denne symbolske skillelinje mellem traditionel og moderne
maskulinitetspraksis eksplicit, men oftest forekommer den implicit i
de mandlige ambulanceredderes kulturelle praksis. Denne kulturelle sikkerheds/
maskulinitets-rekonfiguration indebærer bl.a., at de mandlige ambulancereddere
eksplicit tager afstand fra den maskuline helterolle, som medierne
tilskriver dem. En anden måde, opgøret med den tidligere maskulinitetspraksis
træder frem i det empiriske materiale, er gennem reddernes udbredte
fremhævelse af det, jeg kalder et "forløsningsfællesskab" i forbindelse med
kollegial bearbejdning af barske ambulanceopgaver.


ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Morten Kyed: Emergency Medical Ambulance Work, Safety and Masculine Reconfigurations: Ethnographic Tales about Cultural Practices Undergoing Change

Despite the continuing gendered inequality in the incidence of work-related
accidents, and countless descriptions of the relationship between masculinity
and risk behavior, few studies have examined the relation between male
gender and safety practices at work. Based on 575 hours of ethnographic
fieldwork and 20 interviews with male EMTs, this article explores some key
associations between masculinity and safety practices among male EMTs in
Denmark. The article shows how male EMTs practice safety by positioning
themselves in opposition to a collective narrative of the past: The "John Wayne and Tarzan Syndrome". Sometimes this is expressed explicitly in symbolic
boundaries between traditional and modern masculinity practice, but mostly
it is expressed implicitly in the male EMTs' cultural practices. This cultural
safety/masculinity reconfiguration involves, inter alia, that the male EMTs explicitly
reject the masculine heroic role the media attribute to them. Another
way of breaking with former masculinity practices that emerges in the empirical
material is the widespread emphasis on what I call a "community of relief"
in the context of collegial processing of harsh ambulance experiences.

Keywords: masculinity, safety, practice, ambulance work.

"Madskulinitet - Kønskamp i TV-køkkenet" af Jonathan Leer (anmeldt af Morten Kyed) "At navigere i tavshed" af Eva Borgström (anmeldt af Dag Heede)

This article explores the complicated process of post-deployment homecoming in military families in Denmark. Based on qualitative interviews with spouses and children of formerly deployed soldiers, the article analyses some of the main challenges related to homecoming and military-to-family transitions in military families. It illuminates how deployment affects family practices and social relations by especially focusing on gender equality, fatherhood, and masculinity. Based on interviews with spouses and children, the article outlines three masculinity positions available to Danish homecoming veterans: gender equality masculinities, militarized masculinities, and troubled masculinities.