Suchergebnisse

Tradicionalmente el Pueblo Gitano ha encontrado en el seno familiar su mayor fortaleza para adaptarse a un medio adverso. Este estudio empírico con metodología cuantitativa explora la contribución respectiva del contexto (calidad del vecindario y apoyo social), del sistema familiar (coherencia y adaptabilidad) y del individuo (bienestar subjetivo) sobre la resiliencia de las figuras parentales desde una perspectiva psicosocial y comunitaria. Los participantes fueron 95 familias de etnia gitana residentes en las Islas Canarias y 16 técnicos del ámbito social, cuyas respuestas a los cuestionarios fueron sometidas a análisis estadísticos descriptivos y un modelo de regresión. Las familias viven en vecindarios desfavorecidos debido a su baja formación, el empleo precario y los escasos apoyos formales recabados. Las figuras parentales perciben un buen nivel de cohesión familiar y de bienestar subjetivo.El modelo de regresión sobre la resiliencia muestra la contribución negativa de la problemática social del vecindario, y la contribución positiva de los ingresos económicos estables, vivir en un barrio inclusivo, disfrutar de cohesión familiar y de bienestar subjetivo.En conclusión, las familias de etnia gitana presentan fortalezas y potencialidades que, junto con los apoyos comunitarios apropiados, garantizan una resiliencia normalizadora sobre aquellos valores familiares que permitieron su supervivencia en tiempos difíciles.

Este trabajo describe el proceso de revisión del catálogo de servicios de salud pública de la ciudad de Barcelona para responder a la reducción presupuestaria producida a partir de 2010 en las administraciones públicas en España. Se basó en un grupo de trabajo que revisó las diferentes líneas de actividad, teniendo en cuenta los gastos y los ingresos asociados y su razón de ser, valorando factores como la obligación legal de desempeño, la financiación finalista, la petición explícita por las administraciones fundadoras y la existencia o no de otros actores capaces de asumirla. Se describen los cambios y sus consecuencias. Se valora que el nuevo catálogo está consolidado y se considera ratificado por los órganos de gobierno, que se han renovado tras los relevos políticos. Creemos que esto es fruto de haberlo basado en el consenso profesional y los criterios de gestión, claves para el buen funcionamiento de un organismo autónomo ejecutivo de carácter público. ; This paper describes the review process of the Agency of Public Health of Barcelona's service portfolio in response to the budget cuts introduced since 2010 in the public administrations in Spain. A working group reviewed the different business activities, taking into account their costs and generated revenue and their justification, assessing factors such as the existence of legal constraints, tied funding, explicit demands from the founding administrations and other actors that may be capable of undertaking particular activities. The changes and their consequences are described. The new service portfolio has been consolidated and is considered ratified by the Agency board, which was renewed after political changes. We conclude that this is because it was based on professional consensus and management criteria, which are key for the smooth operation of a public autonomous executive organisation.

In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from the Survey of Risk Factors in a Secondary School Students (FRESC) representative survey among secondary school students aged 13 to 19 in the city of Barcelona. At all school grades, sexual harassment was more commonly reported by girls than by boys (17% of girls vs 4.2% of boys). The factors associated with sexual harassment were higher school grade, having a mental health disorder, cannabis abuse, and discrimination because of sexual orientation in girls and discrimination because of sexual orientation in boys. These findings highlight the potentially strong impact of sexual harassment on adolescents' lives and underscore the importance of preventing this form of violence.

The aim of this study is to analyse the time trends in the European Union (EU) before and during the economic crisis in 1) the energy poverty (EP) prevalence; 2) the association between EP and health and 3) the impact of EP on health. We analyse trends among women and men in two EU macro regions, defined by a novel index of structural vulnerability to EP. The study shows how EP and its impact on health worsened during the economic crisis and identifies groups at higher risk such as women and people living in Mediterranean and Eastern European countries, which have been found to be countries with higher structural vulnerability to EP.

Smoking and second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure have been recently linked to a higher risk of breast cancer in women. The aim of this work is to estimate the number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from breast cancer attributable to these two risk factors in the European Union (EU-28) in 2017. The comparative risk assessment method was used. Data on prevalence of smoking and SHS exposure were extracted from the Eurobarometer surveys, relative risks from a recent meta-analysis, and data on mortality and DALYs from breast cancer were estimated from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries and Risk Factors Study. In 2017, 82 239 DALYs and 3354 deaths from breast cancer in the EU-28 could have been avoided by removing exposure to these two risk factors (smoking and SHS exposure). The proportion of DALYs from breast cancer lost respectively from smoking and SHS exposure was 2.6% and 1.0%, although geographically distributed with significant heterogeneity. These results represent the first estimates of breast cancer burden in women attributable to smoking and SHS exposure for the EU-28. It is important to increase awareness among women, health professionals and wider society of the association between smoking, SHS exposure and breast cancer, a relationship that is not widely recognised or discussed.

Background Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure at home and fetal SHS exposure during pregnancy are a major cause of disease among children. The aim of this study is quantifying the burden of disease due to SHS exposure in children and in pregnancy in 2006–2017 for the 28 European Union (EU) countries. Methods Exposure to SHS was estimated using a multiple imputation procedure based on the Eurobarometer surveys, and SHS exposure burden was estimated with the comparative risk assessment method using meta-analytical relative risks. Data on deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were collected from National statistics and from the Global Burden of Disease Study. Results Exposure to SHS and its attributable burden stalled in 2006–2017; in pregnant women, SHS exposure was 19.8% in 2006, 19.1% in 2010, and 21.0% in 2017; in children it was 10.1% in 2006, 9.6% in 2010, and 12.1% in 2017. In 2017, 35,633 DALYs among children were attributable to SHS exposure in the EU, mainly due to low birth weight. Conclusions Comprehensive smoking bans up to 2010 contributed to reduce SHS exposure and its burden in children immediately after their implementation; however, SHS exposure still occurs, and in 2017, its burden in children was still relevant.