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This directory gives guidance in the complicated world of sociolinguistic and language planning organizations, giving structural information on regional, national, provincial and community level, both public and private. Each entry gives full details, including full addresses, phone/fax numbers, Director's name, and information on the organization's activities, programs, publications, work in progress and plans for the future.

This article is a result of ongoing research carried out in the Communication Institute at the Autonomous University of Barcelona (InCom-UAB) within the framework of two projects. One is the R&D project "Transformations of the system of radio and television in Spain in the context of the digitization (1997- 2010)" (Scientific Coordinator: Dr Montse Bonet, ref. SEJ2007-65109/SOCI), funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science. The other is the "International Group of Studies about Communication and Culture" (Scientific Coordinator: Professor Miquel de Moragas Spà, ref. 2005/SGR-00181), recognised as a Consolidated Research Group by the Catalan Plan for Research and Innovation 2005-2008. ; Communication research has become a strategic tool for designing public policies at national and European scale. Research is required to investigate the political, economic and social actors involved in processes of media concentration, convergence and digitalisation, and audiovisual regulation./This article analyses the Social Sciences and Humanities research projects approved under the Sixth and Seventh Framework Programme (2002-2006 and 2007-2013, respectively) in order to detect those that include the study of communication, in a direct or in an interdisciplinary way./ Through the identification of these projects the article aims to establish which European centres have been receiving EU funding to undertake research (basic and applied) and the research lines they are developing. It is not intended to carry out a quantitative analysis but to highlight certain trends regarding European communication research. It is also intended to establish a map on how EU-funded communication research is structured (the coordinators and the participant partners, their institutions and countries).

Heart failure (HF) is a common condition associated with a high rate of hospitalizations and adverse outcomes. HF is characterized by impairments of either the cardiac ventricular filling, ejection of blood capacity or both. Sleep fragmentation (SF) involves a series of short sleep interruptions that lead to fatigue and contribute to cognitive impairments and dementia. Both conditions are known to be associated with increased inflammation and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. In the present study, mice were distributed into four groups, and subjected for four weeks to either HF, SF, both HF and SF, or left unperturbed as controls. We used 16S metabarcoding to assess fecal microbiome composition before and after the experiments. Evidence for distinct alterations in several bacterial groups and an overall decrease in alpha diversity emerged in HF and SF treatment groups. Combined HF and SF conditions, however, showed no synergism, and observed changes were not always additive, suggesting preliminarily that some of the individual effects of either HF or SF cancel each other out when applied concomitantly. ; I.C.-A. was supported by CONICYT PFCHA—Chilean Doctorate Fellowship 2017; Grant No. 72180089. R.F. was supported in part by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (SAF2017-85574-R). D.G. was supported in part by National Institutes of Health grants HL130984 and HL140548. T.G. group acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for grant PGC2018-099921-B-I00, cofounded by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); from the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya; from the Catalan Research Agency (AGAUR) SGR423. from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement ERC-2016-724173; and from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (INB Grant, PT17/0009/0023-ISCIII-SGEFI/ERDF).