Suchergebnisse

El presente artículo muestra cómo se planteó el diseño e implementación de un sistema de almacenamiento de señales biológicas con parámetros de seguridad, manejando dos escenarios importantes: por un lado el tratamiento de señales y por otro el desarrollo de aplicaciones de software para llevar a cabo plataformas de telemedicina, lo anterior debido a que actualmente en los ambientes hospitalarios surge la necesidad de transmitir remotamente estasseñales con la mejor calidad posible para que el especialista proporcione diagnósticos efectivos en el menor tiempo posible.Dentro de su metodología, inicialmente fue propuesto el acondicionamiento de la señal ECG (electrocardiograma) y luego el tratamiento de la señal de temperatura. Actualmente se trabaja en la forma de onda de respiración para finalmente procesar la señal de presión sanguínea.En el procesamiento de señales se propusieron diferentes cálculos para la implementación de circuitos con componentes electrónicos discretos y de superficie, el software planteado se creó bajo la plataforma Java, incluyendo parámetros de seguridad como autenticación basada en conocimiento específico (nombre usuario, contraseña y respuesta a pregunta secreta), para luego una posterior visualización de varias señales ECG y temperatura asociadas a varios pacientes. La información adquirida es almacenada y gestionada de manera centralizada en el servidor del grupo de investigación en Telemedicina de la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada - TIGUM, donde se desarrolló el proyecto.Adicionalmente el prototipo final permite incluir más protocolos, tecnologías de comunicación para la transmisión y recepción de datos, y parámetros de seguridad para la implementación de proyectos futuros.

En México, la planificación de cuencas hidrográficas propuso, entre otras cosas, la administración y gestión del agua a través de la realización de obras hidroeléctricas con la finalidad principal de proporcionar electricidad a la creciente industria nacional. El Proyecto Hidroeléctrico Miguel Alemán, ubicado al sur del estado de México, ilustra las consecuencias de esta forma de desarrollo, razón por la cual el presente artículo tiene como objetivo identificar los cambios ambientales derivados de la construcción de una de las seis presas que lo conforman, la de Valle de Bravo. Así, los sutiles lazos sociales que permitían a la comunidad actuar por el interés colectivo fueron socavados por nuevas relaciones. De igual forma, los recursos como la tierra o el agua se han convertido en mercancías y el acceso a ellos está determinado no por las relaciones sociales, sino por el mercado.

ABSTRACT In Mexico, watershed-based planning included water administration and management by means of constructing hydroelectric plants. The main aim was to supply electric power to a fast growing national industry. The Miguel Alemán Hydroelectric Project, located in the south of the State of Mexico, illustrates the consequences of this form of development. This article thus aims to identify environmental changes derived from the construction of one of the six dams which make up this project, the one in Valle de Bravo. Thus, the subtle social bonds which enabled the community to act on behalf of collective interests have been undermined by new social relations. Likewise, resources such as soil and water have become commercial goods the access to which is determined not by social relations, but by the market.

This paper describes Latinx stratification economics (LSE) as a scholarly approach to studying the economic status of Latinas/os/es/xs primarily in the United States. We coin the term LSE to refer to work that draws on and is in conversation with both the emergent, interdisciplinary subfield of stratification economics (SE) and the interdisciplinary field of Latinx studies (LS). SE and LS have distinct intellectual traditions and drawing on both leads to strong theoretical and empirical scholarship on Latinxs, on the operation of race across space and historical time, and on the intersection of race with other systems of domination. We discuss how, based on these perspectives, it is misguided to expect racial/ethnic categories like Hispanic to be consistent over time and space and to correspond reliably with phenotypical characteristics or culture. We argue that a good faith reading of the LS literature would result in the recommendation to subordinate models of migration to models of colonialism and imperialism. We discuss the significance of normative goals and social justice to complement "gap analysis" comparisons to non-Hispanic whites. Lastly, we discuss deficiencies of the dominant models of discrimination and, as an alternative, we highlight rational models of racism that involve strategic identifications with whiteness, blackness, and mestizaje, including by members who identify as Latinx or those with Hispanic ancestry.

Using the 2015 Latino National Health and Immigration Survey (N = 1,197), we examine the relationship between physical and mental health status and three multidimensional measures of race: (1) street race, or how you believe other "Americans" perceive your race at the level of the street; (2) socially assigned race, or what we call ascribed race, which refers to how you believe others usually classify your race in the United States; and (3) self-perceived race, or how you usually self-classify your race on questionnaires. We engage in intersectional inquiry by combining street race and gender. We find that only self-perceived race correlates with physical health and that street race is associated with mental health. We also find that men reporting their street race as Latinx or Arab were associated with higher odds of reporting worse mental health outcomes. One surprising finding was that for physical health, men reporting their street race as Latinx were associated with higher odds of reporting optimal physical health. Among women, those reporting their street race as Mexican were associated with lower odds of reporting optimal physical health when compared to all other women; for mental health status, however, we found no differences among women. We argue that street race is a promising multidimensional measure of race for exploring inequality among Latinxs.

Detrás de ese paisaje idílico de agua, bosques y arquitectura, que la mercadotecnia ofrece y que la tradición evoca, se desarrollaron fuertes conflictos de intereses, necesidades sociales insatisfechas, así como la depredación ambiental constante. En Valle de Bravo pueden observarse paisajes con diferentes visiones y lógicas socioeconómicas, como resultado de un conjunto de políticas de carácter territorial formuladas por el Estado y por la iniciativa privada, con el objetivo de fomentar la actividad turística como eje del desarrollo capitalista. El paisaje creado en algunas zonas ofrece una imagen de prosperidad y confort, mientras que en otras es posible observar la segregación socioterritorial que esta actividad ha generado y que excluye a la mayoría de sus habitantes de los beneficios que el turismo puede traer. ; Behind this idyllic landscape of water, forests and architecture, which offers marketing and evokes tradition, there were sharp conflicts of interests, social needs unmet, and the constant environmental depredation. In Valle de Bravo can be seen visions and landscapes with different socio-economic logic, as a result of a series of territorial policies formulated by the State and private initiative, aiming to promote tourism at the heart of capitalist development. The landscape created in some areas provides an image of prosperity and comfort, while others may look at the socio-spatial segregation that this activity has generated and that excludes most of the inhabitants of the benefits that tourism can bring. ; Derrière ce paysage idyllique de l'eau, des forêts et de l'architecture, qui offre de marketing et de la tradition évoque, il ya eu de durs conflits d'intérêt, besoins sociaux non satisfaits, ainsi que la dégradation environnementale en cours. En Valle de Bravo peut être eu des visions et des paysages avec une logique socio-économiques différents, à la suite d'une série de politiques territoriales formulées par l'Etat et l'initiative privée, visant à promouvoir le tourisme au cœur du ...

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Figures and Tables -- Foreword / Valdez, R. Burciaga -- Preface -- Chapter 1. Introduction: Taking the Social Construction of Race Seriously in Health Disparities Research / Gómez, Laura E. -- Part I.Charting the Problem -- Chapter 2. The Politics of Framing Health Disparities: Markets and Justice / Kahn, Jonathan -- Chapter 3. Looking at the World through "Race"-Colored Glasses: The Fallacy of Ascertainment Bias in Biomedical Research and Practice / Graves, Joseph L. -- Chapter 4. Ethical Dilemmas in Statistical Practice: The Problem of Race in Biomedicine / Kaufman, Jay S. -- Chapter 5. A Holistic Alternative to Current Survey Research Approaches to Race / Garcia, John A. -- Part II. Navigating Diverse Empirical Settings -- Chapter 6. Organizational Practice and Social Constraints: Problems of Racial Identity Data Collection in Cancer Care and Research / Craddock Lee, Simon J. -- Chapter 7 Lessons from Political Science: Health Status and Improving How We Study Race / Sanchez, Gabriel R. / Ybarra, Vickie D. -- Chapter 8. Advancing Asian American Mental Health Research by Enhancing Racial Identity Measures / Iwamoto, Derek Kenji / Kindaichi, Mai M. / Miller, Matthew -- Part III. Surveying Solutions -- Chapter 9. Representing the Multidimensionality of Race in Survey Research / Saperstein, Aliya -- Chapter 10. How Racial-Group Comparisons Create Misinformation in Depression Research: Using Racial Identity Theory to Conceptualize Health Disparities / Helms, Janet E. / Mereish, Ethan H. -- Chapter 11. Jedi Public Health: Leveraging Contingencies of Social Identity to Grasp and Eliminate Racial Health Inequality / Geronimus, Arline T. -- Chapter 12. Contextualizing Lived Race-Gender and the Racialized-Gendered Social Determinants of Health / López, Nancy -- Notes on Contributors -- Index

Illuminates how recent shifts in demographics, policy, culture and thinking have changed how race is understood todayThe Complexities of Race illustrates how several recent dynamics compel us to reconsider race, racial identity, and racial inequality. It argues that race and racism provide key but complex lenses through which critical events and issues of any moment can be more fully understood. The emergence of intersectionality, the rise of the Black Lives Matter movement, changing ethnic and racial demographics in the United States, and other forces challenge prevailing values and narratives related to race.The volume provides new and detailed snapshots of the diverse and complicated ways that race, racism, racial identity, and racial justice are represented, experienced, and addressed in America, offering new ways of understanding the complex dynamics of power and systems of oppression. Each chapter uses a current, real-world example to demonstrate how race works in tandem with other locations of identity, with the aim of showing that a single social identity is rarely at play in issues of social inequality. The contributors include scholars who have studied race, identity, racism, and social justice for decades, as well as emerging researchers and practitioners at the forefront of examining evolving topics related to race, culture, and experiences of naming and belonging. This exploration of pressing, current, and emerging issues offers the depth, information, and clarity needed to understand many of the questions left unanswered and issues avoided in current discussions of race, identity, and racism, whether those discussions occur in the classroom, in the boardroom, at the dining room table, or in the streets of America. The Complexities of Race provides readers with inspiration, information, and paths for moving the understanding of race, identity, and social justice forward

Urban Girls, published in 1996, was one of the first volumes to showcase the lives of girls growing up in contexts of urban poverty and sometimes racism and violence. It spoke directly to young women who, often for the first time, were seeing their own stories and those of their friends explained in the materials they were asked to read. The volume has helped to shape the way in which we study girls and understand their development over the past decade.Urban Girls Revisited explores the diversity of urban adolescent girls' development and the sources of support and resilience that help them to build the foundations of strength that they need as they enter adulthood. Urban girls are frequently marginalized by poverty, ethnic discrimination, and stereotypes suggesting that they have deficits compared to their peers. In fact, urban girls do often"grow up fast," taking on multiple adult roles and responsibilities in contexts of high levels of adversities. Yet a majority of these girls show remarkable strengths in the face of challenges, and their families and communities provide many assets to support their development. This new volume showcases these strengths.Contributors:Amy Alberts, Natasha Alexander, Murray Anderson, Elizabeth Banister, Cecilia Benoit, Kristen Boelcke-Stennes, Ana Mari Cauce, Elise D. Christiansen, Brianna Coffino, Catherine L. Costigan, Karin Coyle, Anita Davis, Jill Denner, Sumru Erkut, Kenyaatta Etchison, Michelle Fine, Yulika Forman, Emily Genao, Mikael Jansson, Chalene Lechuga, Stacey J. Lee, Richard M. Lerner, Nancy Lopez, Ann S. Masten, Jennifer McCormick, Jennifer Pastor, Erin Phelps, Leslie Prescott, Jean E. Rhodes, Ritch C. Savin-Williams, Anne Shaffer, Renee Spencer, Pamela R. Smith, Carl S. Taylor, Jill McLean Taylor, Virgil A. Taylor, Maria Elena Torre, Allison J. Tracy, Carmen N. Veloria, Martina C. Verba, and Janie Victoria Ward