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Abstract
The European Union's "Fit for 55" package of measures aims to reduce CO2 emissions by 55% by the year 2030 compared to 1990 emissions levels. Various instruments are being implemented and planned for aviation, including changes to fuels, as well as taxes and fees. Depending on the extent to which airlines pass on the additional costs to passengers, there may be changes in air travel ticket prices. This study explores the potential impacts of ticket price adjustments on the level and distribution of demand.

global air transport passenger traffic has been particularly affected by measures to combat COVID-19. Since February 2020, both the number of global passengers and passenger flight kilometers has decreased worldwide — in Western Europe by about 80 % by the end of 2020. These developments have caused financial losses for both airlines and airports worldwide, critically threatening the existence of a large number of these companies. As the industry is of great economic importance, special government support measures could contribute to the economic recovery of the aviation industry. However, not only should certain companies be supported, but the support measures should be linked to defined and transparent criteria.

Der Luftverkehr ist durch die Maßnahmen gegen die COVID-19-Pandemie besonders stark betroffen. Der Verkehrsrückgang betrug 2020 zum Teil mehr als 90 %. Da die Branche von großer Bedeutung ist, sind besondere staatliche Unterstützungsmaßnahmen sinnvoll, wenn die Pandemie vorbei ist und neues Wachstum einsetzt. Dabei sollten jedoch nicht nur bestimmte Unternehmen unterstützt werden, sondern die Hilfsmaßnahmen sollten auch an bestimmte Kriterien gebunden sein. ; Global air transport passenger traffic has been particularly affected by measures to combat COVID-19. Since February 2020, both the number of global passengers and passenger flight kilometers has decreased worldwide - in Western Europe by about 80 % by the end of 2020. These developments have caused financial losses for both airlines and airports worldwide, critically threatening the existence of a large number of these companies. As the industry is of great economic importance, special government support measures could contribute to the economic recovery of the aviation industry. However, not only should certain companies be supported, but the support measures should be linked to defined and transparent criteria.