Introduction -- Part I: Tied Aid in Context. 2. Food Aid ; 3. International Steps to Untie Aid: Ten Years since the Recommendation on Untying Aid ; 4. Tied Aid: The Example of Italy ; 5. Tied Aid: The Example of the UK ; 6. Tied Aid: The Rules on Access to EU External Assistance ; 7. Tied Aid: The Example of the USA -- Part II: Tied Aid and the EU. 8. Tied Aid and the External Competences of the EU ; 9. The Single Market and Tied Aid ; 10. Tied Aid Procurement and the EU Public Procurement Directives -- Part III: Tied Aid and the WTO. 11. Tied Aid and the WTO ; 12. Tied Aid and the GPA ; 13. Conclusions.
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AbstractOn 25 April 2012, after years of negotiations delayed by halts and setbacks, the Food Assistance Convention was adopted—the latest in a series of agreements that since 1967 have regulated the international provision of food aid. Great expectations have been placed on the adoption of the Convention. In particular it was hoped that the Convention would answer the call for a new system of food aid governance, introduce more effective mechanisms to address world's food insecurity and, ultimately, improve and modernize the rules applicable to food aid. This article provides the first critical commentary of the Convention's text, assesses the strengths and weaknesses of its provisions and considers whether and how the Convention has modified the architecture of international food aid regulation. The article also indicates where amendments to the rules might be needed to make the international regulation of food aid more effective. The article concludes that the Convention is, on balance, a positive instrument that could improve governance and adequacy of food assistance. The Convention is also important for the international human rights discourse on how States can fulfil their obligation to assist countries in need in that it offers guidance on how to meet such obligation in the specific context of the right to food. States should therefore be urged to sign and ratify it.
The Political Economy of Aid: Foreign Aid Effectiveness, Theories, Methods and the Challenges that Lie Ahead / Marco Zupi -- Public Procurement, Investment and Aid Effectiveness / Oliver Morrissey -- Procurement and Aid Effectiveness : the Journey so far / Annamaria La Chimia and Peter Trepte -- A Post-Modern Assessment of Global Harmonisation and Convergence : the Prospects and Challenges Going Forward to Further Global Standardisation of Procurement Regimes / Joshua Schwartz -- The Harmonisation Process in Developing Countries / Laurence Folliot-Lalliot -- The Echternach Procession of Untying Aid / Annamaria La Chimia -- Corruption and Procurement : Recalibrating the Sights / Peter Trepte -- Sustainability and Public Procurement / Roberto Caranta and Carol Cravero -- The Evolution of the Methodology for Assessing Procurement Systems (MAPS) / Paulo Magina and Lena Diesing -- The Use of Country Systems / Annamaria La Chimia and Sope Williams-Elegbe -- Maturity Model for Institutional Development of Procurement Units in Indonesia / Jeanmarie Meyer -- The World Bank's Procurement Framework : An Assessment of Aid Effectiveness / Chris Yukins, Sope Williams-Elegbe -- Harmonisation and Reforms at other Multilateral Development Banks / Peter Trepte -- Aid Effectiveness and Public Procurement : the USAID Experience / Jun Jin and Ron Wietecha -- Development Outcomes and Procurement Reform / Jeff Gutman -- Concluding Remarks : Are we there yet? / Annamaria La Chimia and Dr Peter Trepte.
Measures to support Competition Policy and enhance the efficiency of Public Procurement can enhance the impact of regional integration agreements. The first part addresses Competition Policy - measures employed by government to ensure a fair competitive market environment. Competition policy aims to ensure that markets remain competitive (through anti-trust or anti-cartel enforcement) or become competitive (through liberalisation). For a variety of reasons, competition is often restricted in developing countries and there are benefits from establishing some level of competition policy. Although the literature does not provide a blueprint, it provides guidance on the most useful ways to incorporate Competition Policy in regional agreements. The second part addresses issues in opening up public procurement and outlines the main potential sources of welfare gains. Open and transparent procurement can bring gains in terms of price reduction, competition and reduced corruption. While developing countries recognize these benefits for domestic policy, they appear opposed to including procurement commitments in international agreements.
Public procurement regulation in (a) crisis? General introduction / Sue Arrowsmith, Luke RA Butler and Annamaria La Chimia -- The approach to emergency procurement in the uncitral model law : a critical appraisal in light of the COVID-19 Pandemic / Sue Arrowsmith -- Recommendations for urgent procurement in the EU directives and GPA : COVID-19 and beyond / Sue Arrowsmith -- Regulating single-source procurement in emergency situations in light of the COVID-19 pandemic : issues in policy and practice / Luke RA Butler -- The challenges of constructing a supplier review system for urgent procurement : an analysis in the context of the UNCITRAL framework / Caroline Nicholas and Sue Arrowsmith -- The EU's joint procurement agreement in light of COVID-19 : learning the correct lessons from the pandemic and identifying actions for improvement / Aris Georgopoulos -- Competition policy in relation to public procurement : an essential element of the policy framework for addressing COVID-19 / Robert D Anderson, William E Kovacic and Antonella Salgueiro -- The trade and government procurement policy nexus : before and after the COVID-19 Pandemic / Simon J Evenett -- The rise of resilience in addressing COVID-19 procurement challenges and the impact of international trade-related instruments on countries' freedom of action / Peter Trepte -- Legal aspects of the procurement and distribution of critical COVID-19 supplies by international organisations : UNOPS / Benedetta Audia and Ary Bobrow -- Procurement and distribution of critical COVID-19 supplies by international organisations : The World Bank / Shaun Moss -- Procurement and distribution of critical COVID-19 supplies : the experience of USAID / Jun Jin and Mary McLaughlin -- The procurement of a COVID-19 vaccine in developing countries : lessons from the 2009 H1N1 Pandemic / Mark Eccleston-Turner and Harry Upton -- Emergency procurement and responses to COVID-19 : The Case of Italy / Gian Luigi Albano and Annamaria La Chimia -- Emergency procurement and regulatory responses to COVID-19 : The Case of the United Kingdom / Sue Arrowsmith and Luke RA Butler -- Emergency procurement and responses to COVID-19 : The Case of the US / Christopher R Yukins -- Emergency procurement and responses to COVID-19 : The Case of Brazil / Marçal Justen Filho and Cesar Pereira -- Emergency procurement and responses to COVID-19 : The Case of Colombia / Sebastián Barreto Cifuentes -- Emergency procurement and responses to COVID-19 : The Case of India / Sandeep Verma -- Emergency procurement and responses to COVID-19 : The Case of Singapore / Henry Gao -- Emergency procurement and responses to COVID-19 : The Case of China / Ping Wang and Ke Ren -- Emergency procurement and responses to COVID-19 in Africa : The Contrasting Cases of South Africa and Nigeria / Geo Quinot, Sope Williams-Elegbe and Kingsley Tochi Udeh -- Emergency procurement : the role of big open data / Mihaly Fazekas and Alfredo Hernández Sánchez -- The experiences and lessons of the COVID-19 Pandemic : public procurement regulation in (a) crisis? / Sue Arrowsmith and Luke RA Butler.
