Suchergebnisse

Artikel ini menjelaskan implikasi kekacauan politik-ekonomi pada perkembangan dua kota, yakni Baubau dan Kendari tahun 1950-an sampai 1960-an. Periode 1950an bagi Indonesia pada umumnya dan Sulawesi Tenggara pada khususnya secara politik dan ekonomi tidak stabil. Hal itu terjadi karena negara masih dalam taraf mencari keseimbangan dan konsolidasi politik dan ekonomi yang belum mencapai titik kesimbangan. Akibatnya, kekacauan politik terjadi di daerah-daerah tertentu karena perbedaan pandangan, termasuk di Sulawesi Selatan dan Sulawesi Tenggara. Salah satu gangguan politik yang berpengaruh pada perkembangan kota adalah pemberontakan DI/TII yang terjadi pada tahun 1950-an. Salah satu dampak dari kekacauan politik di dua kota, Buton dan Kendari, adalah mengalirnya penduduk pedesaan ke perkotaan. Operasi militer untuk menghilangkan gangguan keamanan di Kota Baubau dan Kendari mendukung peningkatan infrastruktur untuk akses ke kota, dan memperluas morfologis kota. Penulis memeriksa, membaca, dan memeriksa dokumen dan arsip secara cermat di Sulawesi Selatan dan Sulawesi Tenggara. Fakta di arsip menunjukkan bahwa guncangan politik dan ekonomi memiliki efek yang baik pada satu hal dan tidak baik pada hal lain. Peristiwa kekacauan politik di Sulawesi Tenggara memberikan pelajaran dan pengetahuan penting tentang sisi lain dari kekacauan politik dan ekonomi.

This article analyses why cities developed on the west side of the Banda Sea in the early 20th century. These cities are Baubau, Raha, Kendari, Bungku, Kolonodale, and Luwuk. The six cities are on the east coast of Sulawesi island. Four factors support the development of the cities namely: communities' and governments' active trading and shipping activities; secondly, the geographical factor in the global spice trade route encouraging integration between cities on the western side of the Banda Sea with other cities; thirdly, the city's economic base being driven by people living in a strong maritime tradition; fourthly, inter-regional connectivity that can only be done by sea. Thus, the character of the city leads to the typology of a new city, the maritime city. The study of maritime cities in Indonesia is very important because it has a vast sea with thousands of islands.

Pembahasan makalah ini berfokus tiga masalah penting, yaitu; fakta aktual terkini bahwa foondasi kebangsaan kita (Indonesia) sedang dalam kondisi "tremor" atau bergetar. Bila tidak kuat akan mengarah pada muara disintegrasi dan menguatnya politik aliran, satu. Kedua, solusi untuk menghentikan sentimen disintegrasi belum memadai karena basis pengetahuan historis dan filosofis terbentuknya Indonesia sebagai satu nusa, satu bangsa, dan satu bahasa tidak dikenalkan secara masif di berbagai sarana, termasuk di level pendidikan, keluarga, masyarakat, dan di lingkungan sekolah.

The purpose of this study is to examine the nickel mining activities and the changes resulted from the exploration activities. Intensive exploration and the expansion of mining areas creates some changes In the ecology of the area, such as deforestation, the narrowness of the local community space, changes in air temperature, and the damage of surface structure in the long term. Therefore, the impact of exploration will retum to the public in general and around the location of nickel mining in particular. This research also specifically examines issues related to socio-economlc and political impacts that occur in Soroako people and its surrounding. The frictions of interest between business and the people around the mining area surely occur so that the interests' accommodation and adaptation are needed to minimize conflicts with surrounding residents. One thing that is commonly done is establishing no-charge schools, giving scholarships, establishing health clinics, and basic material assistance. This social movements conducted by the company is actually a part of the company's efforts as a social safety net, as happened in nickel mining in Soroako. Such thought needs to be verified so that research is needed to examine whether the same case also occurs in Soroako nickel mines. The unclear regulations have led to turmoil in the Vicinity of mines, including the Soroako. The study found the socio-economic and political impacts to the life of the people of Soroako, Luwu, South Sulawesi. The result of the study shows that PT Inco, which came from Canada, e:tpands exploration for the expansion of production areas due to the the price of world nickel rising up and the content of the nickel which is in the area of works contract.is still much and is marked with a contract extension between the Indonesian government and PT Inco until 30 years into the future. It means that the mining process which affects the environment (ecology) continues to exist for the next 30 years. The increase is not necessarily boosting the company contribution to the community for several years. As a result, social upheaval requires political therapy performed. Artir:le 33 of the 1945 constitution often becomes a weapon to silence the people tlecause all water, land, and all its contents are owned by the State, and "are used for the prosperity of the peoplelt • The People are helpless due to the domination of powerful countries, especially in the era of the new order.

This study discusses the architecture of Indische buildings at Magelang Town in 1906-1942. This study uses historical research methods consisting of heuristics, source verification, data interpretation and historiography. The entry and development of Indische architecture in Magelang Town coincided with the increasingly intensive colonial government in exploiting natural resources in order to increase commodity exports. This building with Indische architecture in Magelang Town developed from 1906 to 1942 along with the fulfillment of the facilities and needs of the Dutch people who were intensively running the bureaucracy in Magelang Town. The facilities and needs referred to are infrastructure, especially housing, offices, and defense as illustrated in residential buildings, schools, lodging, hospitals, and other public facilities. In 1942, Indische architecture no longer developed in line with the end of Dutch rule in the Dutch East Indies. However, some of the Indische buildings in Magelang Town are still maintained by the community.

Produksi naskah selalu memiliki tujuan. Tujaun awal adalah dokumentasi nilai-nilai yang harus diketahui oleh masyarakat intern dan dunia di luar mereka. Nilai itu kemudian diajarkan, diterapkan dan kemudian diwariskan dari generasi ke generasi. Untuk memperkuat nilai, maka elemen sufistik, sebagaimana yang umum berlaku dalam naskah-naskah Nusantara selalu disematkan. Penamaan selalu mengikuti nilai terpenting dalam sebuah naskah. penamaan itu terkait erat dengan makna terdalam dari sebuah naskah. Sebagai gambaran, naskah Kabhanti Ajonga Yinda Malusa yang berarti Pakaian yang tidak luntur, jelas mempunyai kekuatan makna.

The social movement in period of 1906-1942 started with the intervention of the Dutch colonial government to the economic income resources of the people which then triggered social chaos and unrest marked by open conflict and opposition between the Dutch and the indigenous people of South East Celebes. The collection of personal tax, the reduction of economic resources of traditional authorities such as port tax and levy, tobacco tax, export import tax, and others created instability and unrest at the level of traditional authorities as well as low class people who had been always the objects of tax. The opposition of the local people indicated the existence of strong refusal to the economic condition which was going on among the indigenous people, even when it was done by the local authorities or sultanate of Buton. So, it can be understood that the social movement was caused not only by political factors, but also by economic factors intervened by the intervention of external power.

This study discusses the continuity of the Kebon Agung Sugar Factory from the crisis period in 1930 until it was nationalized in 1960. The economic crisis that hit Europe and the world had an impact on the collapse of most of the sugar industries in the Dutch East Indies. Kebun Agung Sugar Factory managed to survive in the midst of a global crisis that began towards the end of 1929. Throughout that period, various crises hit the world and Indonesia such as economic, social, and political crises. This research uses historical methods with the following stages; topic selection, heuristics, interpretation, data analysis, and historiography. The results showed that the Kebon Agung sugar factory was part of the history of the sugar industry in the colonial period which contributed to the increase in sugar production in the Dutch East Indies. This sugar factory was able to survive the crisis that accompanied its history because of its efficiency strategy, production reduction, and cooperation with other sugar factories in terms of utilizing pre-existing infrastructure such as no longer building railways and roads for the transportation of raw materials (sugarcane) to the factory. In the midst of the crisis and the threat of bankruptcy, the Kebon Agung Sugar Factory still survived and continued to carry out production activities until the sugar factory was nationalized in 1958. Thus, the Kebun Agung Sugar Factory also recorded its history by contributing to efforts improve the state economy.

This article analyzes the sources of foods in small islands from the maritime exchange network perspective. The location of the research was a group of small islands in Southeast Sulawesi. This research found that resources of food in the small islands came from the other region as part of the process of exchanges maritime networks, especially from the Wallacean line connection and other main islands of Indonesia. Process and its form become local culinary, were other a part of the creative process, and the expression of its citizens. Some supporting tools for processing resources of food also identified as an invention from the local society have been fully health standards. To support that argument, the authors identifying the origins of food resources, processing, and preserving strategies. Knowledge about the food resources on the small islands contributes to the understanding of the globalization connections in small Islands, a wider world at the local level.

This article explains the implications of political-economic shock on the development of two towns; Baubau and Kendari in the 1950s to 1960s. Indonesia in the 1950s general and especially Southeast Sulawesi were politically and economically unstable. This situation happened because the country is still on the stage of finding a balance and political and economic consolidation has not reached the point of equilibrium. As a result, political shock occurred in certain areas due to differences in views, including in South Sulawesi and Southeast Sulawesi. One of the political disturbances that influenced the development of the towns was the DI / TII rebellion in the 1950s. One of the effects of political turmoil in two cities, Buton and Kendari, is the flow of rural populations into towns. Military operations to eliminate security disturbances in the towns of Baubau and Kendari support the improvement of infrastructure for access to the town and expand morphology of towns. The author examines, reads, and examines documents archives carefully in South and Southeast Sulawesi. The facts in the archives show that political and economic shocks have a good effect on one thing and not good on another side. The events of political turmoil in Southeast Sulawesi provide important lessons and knowledge about the other side of political and economic shocks.