The article analyses the experiences of racially motivated hate incidents against immigrants in Lithuania, based on the data of a qualitative study. Interviews with informants in the study show that prejudice, verbal and physical violence incidents are an integral part of the daily lives of immigrants with visible ethnic and racial identities. Racist hate incidents make it possible to identify latent interactions between immigrants and local residents. Based on examples of hate incidents, the article critically analyses the typology of hate crimes by Levin and McDevitt (1993) and the limitations of its application in hate incident analysis.
Migration has become a significant issue in many countries and it has been highly debated topic in economic and social policy areas. Only recently, the impact of migration on the culture, norms, values and development of creative society had begun to catch the attention of policymakers and researchers. Migrant contributions to the society are seen not only as significant component to economies and their labour markets, but also as an important factor in stimulating creativity and innovation. This paper analyses this inter-relatedness and presents empirically-based arguments in support of the position that a migration can be regarded as the main prerequisite for the creation of a knowledge economy and as providing the potential for development of creative and inclusive society.
Migration has become a significant issue in many countries and it has been highly debated topic in economic and social policy areas. Only recently, the impact of migration on the culture, norms, values and development of creative society had begun to catch the attention of policymakers and researchers. Migrant contributions to the society are seen not only as significant component to economies and their labour markets, but also as an important factor in stimulating creativity and innovation. This paper analyses this inter-relatedness and presents empirically-based arguments in support of the position that a migration can be regarded as the main prerequisite for the creation of a knowledge economy and as providing the potential for development of creative and inclusive society. Santrauka Straipsnyje analizuojamas aukštos kvalifikacijos imigrantų poveikis kūrybos visuomenės plėtrai Lietuvoje. Straipsnio tikslas– išanalizuoti teorines aukštos kvalifikacijos imigracijos poveikio kūrybos visuomenės plėtrai prielaidas, imigrantų įtaką priimančiosios šalies kultūrai, normoms, vertybėms ir talentingų darbuotojų pritraukimo į šalį veiksnius. Straipsnyje laikomasi požiūrio, kad imigrantų indėlis į visuomenę vertinamas ne tik kaip reikšmingas ekonomikos ir šalies darbo rinkos komponentas, bet ir kaip svarbus veiksnys, skatinantis kūrybiškumą ir inovacijas. Šiame straipsnyje analizuojamas minėtas tarpusavio ryšys ir pateikiami empiriškai pagrįsti argumentai, patvirtinantys poziciją, kad talentingų darbuotojų migracija gali būti laikoma pagrindine sąlyga kuriant žinių ekonomiką ir siekiant kūrybiškos bei įtraukios visuomenės potencialo plėtros. Reikšminiai žodžiai: kūrybiškumas, įvairovė, migracija, socialinės inovacijos, tolerancija, jaunimo politika.
The key themes in this article relate to policy observation and analysis of social aspects of the functioning of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (INPP). The multiethnic Visaginas community is socially, economically and culturally excluded from other areas of Lithuania as the majority of economic activities in the region is oriented towards the INPP. The following interrelated questions are considered in the article: the social costs of decommissioning of the plant, the integration policies and their operation in reducing social and economic disparities in the region as well as the access to citizenship and education benefits of the INPP residents. As the challenges confronted today by the second generation non-Lithuanians in the region are still ignored there are some specific questions about the growing social, cultural and economic divide between Lithuanians and non-Lithuanians in the INPP region addressed in the article. ; Šiame straipsnyje analizuojamos Ignalinos atominės elektrinės uždarymo socialinės pasekmės. Ignalinos atominės elektrinės regionas apibūdinamas kaip izoliuotas nuo kitų Lietuvos vietovių. Jame daugiatautės rusakalbių gyventojų bendruomenės ekonominė veikla, užimtumas bei socialinė gerovė tiesiogiai priklauso nuo Ignalinos atominės elektrinės funkcionavimo. Straipsnyje aptariami šie tarpusavyje susiję socialiniai Ignalinos AE funkcionavimo aspektai: elektrinės uždarymo socialinės pasekmės, gyventojų socialinė integracija bei su ja susiję socialinės politikos veiksniai. Straipsnyje konstatuojama, kad Ignalinos AE poveikis socialinei aplinkai, tai daugiatautės Visagino miesto bendruomenės socialinė, ekonominė, kultūrinė ir politinė atskirtis, kuri socialinės politikos darbotvarkėje išlieka išoriškai nematoma ir paslėpta problema. Straipsnyje glaustai nušviečiama Lietuvoje dar neanalizuota problema: emigrantų iš buvusiųjų Sovietų Sąjungos respublikų palikuonių (vadinamųjų antrosios kartos rusų) struktūrinė integracija, aktualizuojant jų patiriamus sunkumus, įgyvendinant savo pilietines teises, susijusias su įsitraukimu į švietimo sistemą bei darbo rinką. Straipsnyje daroma išvada, kad, nepaisant plačių pilietybės, kalbos vartojimo, švietimo, kultūros teisių ir laisvių, rusakalbiai gyventojai Ignalinos AE regione išlieka socialiai pažeidžiama grupe.
This abrupt increase in demands to a physician and his legal responsibility was not preceded by a related increase in his abilities and resources necessary to adapt to the change in law. This caused the set off of unintended side-effects, which arise from doctors' intent to defend themselves from probable legal prosecution and which brought about a decrease of the quality of health care. Multiple manifestations of defensive medicine and its consequences for health care are reviewed. Ways and prospects for solutions to the problem of "defensive medicine" (especially, ensuring feasibility of related legal provisions) are examined.
This abrupt increase in demands to a physician and his legal responsibility was not preceded by a related increase in his abilities and resources necessary to adapt to the change in law. This caused the set off of unintended side-effects, which arise from doctors' intent to defend themselves from probable legal prosecution and which brought about a decrease of the quality of health care. Multiple manifestations of defensive medicine and its consequences for health care are reviewed. Ways and prospects for solutions to the problem of "defensive medicine" (especially, ensuring feasibility of related legal provisions) are examined.
