Suchergebnisse

International audience ; This article follows the coalbed methane exploration undertaken by an Australian junior company, Kimberley Oil, in the Lorrain Basin between 2000 and 2015. This company is proceeding by horizontal drilling in naturally fractured coal seams. These developments aim to produce gas in France and to reduce CO 2 emissions by substituting local gas for foreign imports. The article falls within the field of political geology. It mobilizes the notion of 'stratum' developed by Nigel Clark to bring a social science perspective to the processes of subsoil recomposition in a context of transition. It studies the emergence of a new 'stratum' (coalbed methane), taking into account all the relations that constitute it and that are operated in the uncertain materiality of a volume. Through the study of these relations, it contributes to shedding light on the formation of new segmentations, both geological and social, and questions the political content of this promise of transition. ; Cet article suit les prospections de gaz de charbon entreprises par une compagnie junior australienne, Kimberley Oil, dans le Bassin lorrain entre 2000 et 2015. Cette compagnie procède par forages horizontaux dans des couches de charbon naturellement fracturées. Ces développements visent à produire du gaz en France et à réduire les émissions de CO 2 liées aux importations gazières. L'article s'inscrit dans le champ de la géologie politique. Il mobilise la notion de « strate » développée par Nigel Clark pour porter un propos de sciences sociales sur les processus de recomposition des sous-sols en contexte de transition. Il étudie l'émergence d'une nouvelle strate (gazière) en tenant compte de l'ensemble des relations qui la constituent et qui sont opérées dans l'incertaine matérialité d'un volume. À travers l'étude de ces relations, il contribue à éclairer la formation de nouvelles segmentations autant géologiques que sociales, et interroge le contenu politique de cette promesse de transition.

International audience ; This article follows the coalbed methane exploration undertaken by an Australian junior company, Kimberley Oil, in the Lorrain Basin between 2000 and 2015. This company is proceeding by horizontal drilling in naturally fractured coal seams. These developments aim to produce gas in France and to reduce CO 2 emissions by substituting local gas for foreign imports. The article falls within the field of political geology. It mobilizes the notion of 'stratum' developed by Nigel Clark to bring a social science perspective to the processes of subsoil recomposition in a context of transition. It studies the emergence of a new 'stratum' (coalbed methane), taking into account all the relations that constitute it and that are operated in the uncertain materiality of a volume. Through the study of these relations, it contributes to shedding light on the formation of new segmentations, both geological and social, and questions the political content of this promise of transition. ; Cet article suit les prospections de gaz de charbon entreprises par une compagnie junior australienne, Kimberley Oil, dans le Bassin lorrain entre 2000 et 2015. Cette compagnie procède par forages horizontaux dans des couches de charbon naturellement fracturées. Ces développements visent à produire du gaz en France et à réduire les émissions de CO 2 liées aux importations gazières. L'article s'inscrit dans le champ de la géologie politique. Il mobilise la notion de « strate » développée par Nigel Clark pour porter un propos de sciences sociales sur les processus de recomposition des sous-sols en contexte de transition. Il étudie l'émergence d'une nouvelle strate (gazière) en tenant compte de l'ensemble des relations qui la constituent et qui sont opérées dans l'incertaine matérialité d'un volume. À travers l'étude de ces relations, il contribue à éclairer la formation de nouvelles segmentations autant géologiques que sociales, et interroge le contenu politique de cette promesse de transition.

National audience ; Since its rediscovery in the 1990's, the thought of Jean Gottmann had been received through a dialectical approach: the dualism iconography/circulation. Such a lecture which gives to the social and political norms a conservative role astonishes and tends to eclipse how Gottmann thought about the adaptative dynamics of the societies with a reference to the living world. This paper underlines the use of organic metaphors in the geographical language of Gottmann and shows that the references to Henri Bergson and Claude Bernard with which they are linked to are structuring influences to key notions of his work: the "carrefour" and the "milieu relationnel". This new lecture of the work of Gottmann enlights the process of differentiation of space not as a result of a dialectic but as the ability of the societies to renew their spatial relations. In particular, the notion of "faculté d'accès" shows how much is important for a society to think about the use of its social and political norms – its "milieu relationnel" – in order to adapt itself to its international environment and the evolutions of its regional organization. ; Depuis sa redécouverte dans les années 1990, la pensée de Jean Gottmann a largement été reçue sous les traits d'une dialectique : le couple iconographie/circulation. Cette lecture étonne car elle confère aux normes sociales et politiques un rôle conservateur qui éclipse la réflexion de l'auteur sur les dynamiques adaptatives des sociétés élaborée en référence au monde vivant. Cet article souligne l'usage des métaphores organiques dans l'œuvre de Gottmann et montre que les références à Henri Bergson et Claude Bernard qui les sous-tendent sont des influences structurantes pour des notions clés de sa pensée : le carrefour et le milieu relationnel. Cette relecture de l'œuvre de Gottmann invite à comprendre la différenciation de l'espace non comme un dépassement dialectique des contraires mais comme une aptitude des sociétés à la recréation territoriale. En particulier, la notion de "faculté d'accès" montre l'importance pour les sociétés de savoir entretenir un dialogue avec leurs systèmes normatifs – leur milieu relationnel – pour assurer leur adaptation à leur environnement international et aux évolutions de leur organisation régionale.

National audience ; Since its rediscovery in the 1990's, the thought of Jean Gottmann had been received through a dialectical approach: the dualism iconography/circulation. Such a lecture which gives to the social and political norms a conservative role astonishes and tends to eclipse how Gottmann thought about the adaptative dynamics of the societies with a reference to the living world. This paper underlines the use of organic metaphors in the geographical language of Gottmann and shows that the references to Henri Bergson and Claude Bernard with which they are linked to are structuring influences to key notions of his work: the "carrefour" and the "milieu relationnel". This new lecture of the work of Gottmann enlights the process of differentiation of space not as a result of a dialectic but as the ability of the societies to renew their spatial relations. In particular, the notion of "faculté d'accès" shows how much is important for a society to think about the use of its social and political norms – its "milieu relationnel" – in order to adapt itself to its international environment and the evolutions of its regional organization. ; Depuis sa redécouverte dans les années 1990, la pensée de Jean Gottmann a largement été reçue sous les traits d'une dialectique : le couple iconographie/circulation. Cette lecture étonne car elle confère aux normes sociales et politiques un rôle conservateur qui éclipse la réflexion de l'auteur sur les dynamiques adaptatives des sociétés élaborée en référence au monde vivant. Cet article souligne l'usage des métaphores organiques dans l'œuvre de Gottmann et montre que les références à Henri Bergson et Claude Bernard qui les sous-tendent sont des influences structurantes pour des notions clés de sa pensée : le carrefour et le milieu relationnel. Cette relecture de l'œuvre de Gottmann invite à comprendre la différenciation de l'espace non comme un dépassement dialectique des contraires mais comme une aptitude des sociétés à la recréation territoriale. En particulier, la notion de "faculté d'accès" montre l'importance pour les sociétés de savoir entretenir un dialogue avec leurs systèmes normatifs – leur milieu relationnel – pour assurer leur adaptation à leur environnement international et aux évolutions de leur organisation régionale.

National audience ; Since its rediscovery in the 1990's, the thought of Jean Gottmann had been received through a dialectical approach: the dualism iconography/circulation. Such a lecture which gives to the social and political norms a conservative role astonishes and tends to eclipse how Gottmann thought about the adaptative dynamics of the societies with a reference to the living world. This paper underlines the use of organic metaphors in the geographical language of Gottmann and shows that the references to Henri Bergson and Claude Bernard with which they are linked to are structuring influences to key notions of his work: the "carrefour" and the "milieu relationnel". This new lecture of the work of Gottmann enlights the process of differentiation of space not as a result of a dialectic but as the ability of the societies to renew their spatial relations. In particular, the notion of "faculté d'accès" shows how much is important for a society to think about the use of its social and political norms – its "milieu relationnel" – in order to adapt itself to its international environment and the evolutions of its regional organization. ; Depuis sa redécouverte dans les années 1990, la pensée de Jean Gottmann a largement été reçue sous les traits d'une dialectique : le couple iconographie/circulation. Cette lecture étonne car elle confère aux normes sociales et politiques un rôle conservateur qui éclipse la réflexion de l'auteur sur les dynamiques adaptatives des sociétés élaborée en référence au monde vivant. Cet article souligne l'usage des métaphores organiques dans l'œuvre de Gottmann et montre que les références à Henri Bergson et Claude Bernard qui les sous-tendent sont des influences structurantes pour des notions clés de sa pensée : le carrefour et le milieu relationnel. Cette relecture de l'œuvre de Gottmann invite à comprendre la différenciation de l'espace non comme un dépassement dialectique des contraires mais comme une aptitude des sociétés à la recréation territoriale. En particulier, la notion de "faculté d'accès" montre l'importance pour les sociétés de savoir entretenir un dialogue avec leurs systèmes normatifs – leur milieu relationnel – pour assurer leur adaptation à leur environnement international et aux évolutions de leur organisation régionale.

National audience ; Since its rediscovery in the 1990's, the thought of Jean Gottmann had been received through a dialectical approach: the dualism iconography/circulation. Such a lecture which gives to the social and political norms a conservative role astonishes and tends to eclipse how Gottmann thought about the adaptative dynamics of the societies with a reference to the living world. This paper underlines the use of organic metaphors in the geographical language of Gottmann and shows that the references to Henri Bergson and Claude Bernard with which they are linked to are structuring influences to key notions of his work: the "carrefour" and the "milieu relationnel". This new lecture of the work of Gottmann enlights the process of differentiation of space not as a result of a dialectic but as the ability of the societies to renew their spatial relations. In particular, the notion of "faculté d'accès" shows how much is important for a society to think about the use of its social and political norms – its "milieu relationnel" – in order to adapt itself to its international environment and the evolutions of its regional organization. ; Depuis sa redécouverte dans les années 1990, la pensée de Jean Gottmann a largement été reçue sous les traits d'une dialectique : le couple iconographie/circulation. Cette lecture étonne car elle confère aux normes sociales et politiques un rôle conservateur qui éclipse la réflexion de l'auteur sur les dynamiques adaptatives des sociétés élaborée en référence au monde vivant. Cet article souligne l'usage des métaphores organiques dans l'œuvre de Gottmann et montre que les références à Henri Bergson et Claude Bernard qui les sous-tendent sont des influences structurantes pour des notions clés de sa pensée : le carrefour et le milieu relationnel. Cette relecture de l'œuvre de Gottmann invite à comprendre la différenciation de l'espace non comme un dépassement dialectique des contraires mais comme une aptitude des sociétés à la recréation territoriale. En particulier, la notion de ...

National audience ; En prêtant attention à la pensée de Jacques Rancière, cet article approche les stratégies esthétiques mises en oeuvre par les opposants au projet THT en Quercy Blanc - en particulier la plantation des arbres du refus. Ce cadre analytique et ce cas d'étude nous permettent d'interroger la notion de territorialité en géographie sous trois aspects : (i) les conditions matérielles de la territorialité comme plan d'épreuve des intentionnalités individuelles et collectives; (ii) le recours aux territorialités de l'intime dans la formation d'un usage public de la sensibilité; (iii) la formation d'un collectif rhizomatique, fruit de l'articulation entre des subjectivités politiques spécifiques.

National audience ; En prêtant attention à la pensée de Jacques Rancière, cet article approche les stratégies esthétiques mises en oeuvre par les opposants au projet THT en Quercy Blanc - en particulier la plantation des arbres du refus. Ce cadre analytique et ce cas d'étude nous permettent d'interroger la notion de territorialité en géographie sous trois aspects : (i) les conditions matérielles de la territorialité comme plan d'épreuve des intentionnalités individuelles et collectives; (ii) le recours aux territorialités de l'intime dans la formation d'un usage public de la sensibilité; (iii) la formation d'un collectif rhizomatique, fruit de l'articulation entre des subjectivités politiques spécifiques.

International audience ; This chapter introduces the aims and method of the book. It starts with the assumption that the current conduct of the energy transition raises issues of democracy and sets the book the task to address these by inquiring into actual energy transition processes. The chapter draws on the philosophy of pragmatism in outlining its inquiry, defined as an investigation based on a large set of case studies attending to the consequences of energy change processes so as to make these consequences explicit to actors. The chapter then explains how the book addresses the current conduct of the energy transition by inquiring into its key dimensions, namely making new energy resources, passing through markets, economic instruments, technological demonstration, and the spatialities and temporalities of energy transition processes.

International audience ; This chapter introduces the aims and method of the book. It starts with the assumption that the current conduct of the energy transition raises issues of democracy and sets the book the task to address these by inquiring into actual energy transition processes. The chapter draws on the philosophy of pragmatism in outlining its inquiry, defined as an investigation based on a large set of case studies attending to the consequences of energy change processes so as to make these consequences explicit to actors. The chapter then explains how the book addresses the current conduct of the energy transition by inquiring into its key dimensions, namely making new energy resources, passing through markets, economic instruments, technological demonstration, and the spatialities and temporalities of energy transition processes.

International audience ; An increansing number of quantitative works stresses that a main driver of land use change is the ongoing large scale development of renewable energies. Taking this observation seriously, the paper's aim is to investigate the critical interactions with earth forces (soil, climate, ocean, air, etc.) that ensue from the progressive dissemination and scaling up of wind power projects. It is to assess how the wind power expansion makes earth matter and if innovative earth politics emerge from these entanglements with these forces. The paper assumes that sites have a strategic role as it cannot be learned from these entanglements everywhere. To this end, it proposes to articulate Simondon's spatial approach to the emergence of technological objects (from 'intensive' to 'extensive' sites) with Latour's approach to the politics of Gaïa through the notion of 'critical zone'. Two onshore and offshore wind power cases (France and Germany) are studied. Their spatial expansion interferes with polymorphous earth intensities (e.g. strong marine currents, coastal fish highways, moving seabed, large bird migrations), and raises critical issues about the fragmentation of the ecosystems. They point out the fact that these earth forces when observed, monitored and discussed could open the way to local experiments that provide them with a new relational existence and a new political status. Drawing on these observations, the paper challenges Simondon's approach to extensive diffusion of technological objects and emphasises that intensive relational work could as well underpin the expansion of technological objects. It also expands Latour's notion of critical zone in pointing out that projects scene are related to broader large scale environments.

International audience ; An increansing number of quantitative works stresses that a main driver of land use change is the ongoing large scale development of renewable energies. Taking this observation seriously, the paper's aim is to investigate the critical interactions with earth forces (soil, climate, ocean, air, etc.) that ensue from the progressive dissemination and scaling up of wind power projects. It is to assess how the wind power expansion makes earth matter and if innovative earth politics emerge from these entanglements with these forces. The paper assumes that sites have a strategic role as it cannot be learned from these entanglements everywhere. To this end, it proposes to articulate Simondon's spatial approach to the emergence of technological objects (from 'intensive' to 'extensive' sites) with Latour's approach to the politics of Gaïa through the notion of 'critical zone'. Two onshore and offshore wind power cases (France and Germany) are studied. Their spatial expansion interferes with polymorphous earth intensities (e.g. strong marine currents, coastal fish highways, moving seabed, large bird migrations), and raises critical issues about the fragmentation of the ecosystems. They point out the fact that these earth forces when observed, monitored and discussed could open the way to local experiments that provide them with a new relational existence and a new political status. Drawing on these observations, the paper challenges Simondon's approach to extensive diffusion of technological objects and emphasises that intensive relational work could as well underpin the expansion of technological objects. It also expands Latour's notion of critical zone in pointing out that projects scene are related to broader large scale environments.

International audience ; This chapter introduces the aims and method of the book. It starts with the assumption that the current conduct of the energy transition raises issues of democracy and sets the book the task to address these by inquiring into actual energy transition processes. The chapter draws on the philosophy of pragmatism in outlining its inquiry, defined as an investigation based on a large set of case studies attending to the consequences of energy change processes so as to make these consequences explicit to actors. The chapter then explains how the book addresses the current conduct of the energy transition by inquiring into its key dimensions, namely making new energy resources, passing through markets, economic instruments, technological demonstration, and the spatialities and temporalities of energy transition processes.

International audience ; This chapter introduces the aims and method of the book. It starts with the assumption that the current conduct of the energy transition raises issues of democracy and sets the book the task to address these by inquiring into actual energy transition processes. The chapter draws on the philosophy of pragmatism in outlining its inquiry, defined as an investigation based on a large set of case studies attending to the consequences of energy change processes so as to make these consequences explicit to actors. The chapter then explains how the book addresses the current conduct of the energy transition by inquiring into its key dimensions, namely making new energy resources, passing through markets, economic instruments, technological demonstration, and the spatialities and temporalities of energy transition processes.

International audience ; An increansing number of quantitative works stresses that a main driver of land use change is the ongoing large scale development of renewable energies. Taking this observation seriously, the paper's aim is to investigate the critical interactions with earth forces (soil, climate, ocean, air, etc.) that ensue from the progressive dissemination and scaling up of wind power projects. It is to assess how the wind power expansion makes earth matter and if innovative earth politics emerge from these entanglements with these forces. The paper assumes that sites have a strategic role as it cannot be learned from these entanglements everywhere. To this end, it proposes to articulate Simondon's spatial approach to the emergence of technological objects (from 'intensive' to 'extensive' sites) with Latour's approach to the politics of Gaïa through the notion of 'critical zone'. Two onshore and offshore wind power cases (France and Germany) are studied. Their spatial expansion interferes with polymorphous earth intensities (e.g. strong marine currents, coastal fish highways, moving seabed, large bird migrations), and raises critical issues about the fragmentation of the ecosystems. They point out the fact that these earth forces when observed, monitored and discussed could open the way to local experiments that provide them with a new relational existence and a new political status. Drawing on these observations, the paper challenges Simondon's approach to extensive diffusion of technological objects and emphasises that intensive relational work could as well underpin the expansion of technological objects. It also expands Latour's notion of critical zone in pointing out that projects scene are related to broader large scale environments.