Suchergebnisse

The relationships between the Canadian state and the Indigenous peoples inhabiting Canada have been characterized by different forms of violence exercised by the state against First Peoples. But perhaps the most striking form of violence is legal violence, i.e., the engineering and imposition of various legal regimes used to violate Indigenous rights and eradicate these nations. Settler states have a rather unique formation, which lacks legitimacy, and whose sovereignties are contested. These peculiarities have compelled them to rely on a spectrum of legal instruments. Firstly, I will discuss the interconnections between law, violence, the state, and (de-)civilizing processes. I will argue that Norbert Elias's conception of violence needs to be amended to fully understand the extent of the violent make-up of the state as a political mode of organization. In a second part, I will return to the notion of cultural genocide and the debates around this concept. In the last part, I will explain how Canada is still perpetuating genocide against Indigenous peoples through various pieces of legislation and the use of courts.

Les Routes de la soie historiques qui ont relié l'Orient et l'Occident pendant des siècles ont de tout temps revêtu des dimensions politiques, économiques, et culturelles fondamentales. Il est intéressant d'assister à la réactivation de ces routes, par la Chine notamment, au moment même où les héritiers des trois autres empires historiques de ces routes (ottoman, perse, et russe) ressurgissent sous de nouvelles formes et s'inscrivent dans une histoire sur la longue durée. On peut se poser la question de savoir si cette réémergence des Routes de la soie contribuera à un équilibre des puissances producteur de paix ou se révèlera un élément de perturbation de plus dans un monde déjà en profonde reconfiguration. Une chose semble avérer : l'existence passée et présente des routes de la soie acte la position périphérique qu'occupe l'Europe dans l'espace eurasiatique. Dans un premier temps nous reviendrons sur les imaginaires liés aux routes de la soie afin de mettre en contexte le rôle finalement marginal que l'Europe a pu jouer. Dans un deuxième temps, nous verrons comment les routes actuelles contribuent également à une périphérisation de l'Europe.

The historic Silk Roads, which have connected East and West for centuries, have always had fundamental political, economic, and cultural dimensions. It is interesting to witness the reactivation of these roads, especially by China, just as the heirs of the three other historic empires of these roads (Ottoman, Persian, and Russian) are resurging in new forms and as part of a longer history. The question is whether this re-emergence of the Silk Roads will contribute to a balance of peace-producing powers or prove to be an element of further disturbance in a world already undergoing deep reconfiguration. One thing seems evident: the past and present existence of the Silk Roads act in a peripheral position occupied by Europe in the Eurasian space. As a first step, we will return to the imaginaries related to the Silk Roads in order to contextualize the ultimately marginal role that Europe could play. Then, we will see how the current roads also contribute to a peripheralization of Europe. ; Les Routes de la soie historiques qui ont relié l'Orient et l'Occident pendant des siècles ont de tout temps revêtu des dimensions politiques, économiques, et culturelles fondamentales. Il est intéressant d'assister à la réactivation de ces routes, par la Chine notamment, au moment même où les héritiers des trois autres empires historiques de ces routes (ottoman, perse, et russe) ressurgissent sous de nouvelles formes et s'inscrivent dans une histoire sur la longue durée. On peut se poser la question de savoir si cette réémergence des Routes de la soie contribuera à un équilibre des puissances producteur de paix ou se révèlera un élément de perturbation de plus dans un monde déjà en profonde reconfiguration. Une chose semble avérer : l'existence passée et présente des routes de la soie acte la position périphérique qu'occupe l'Europe dans l'espace eurasiatique. Dans un premier temps nous reviendrons sur les imaginaires liés aux routes de la soie afin de mettre en contexte le rôle finalement marginal que l'Europe a pu jouer. Dans un deuxième temps, nous verrons comment les routes actuelles contribuent également à une périphérisation de l'Europe.

Canada represents a compelling illustration of the complexities of established-outsiders relations. A close examination of various historical processes, such as the official narrative of two founding peoples, different waves of colonization, and racialized immigration policies, sheds light on how dynamic and ever changing established-outsiders relations are developing. It also uncovers the tremendous importance of racialization in the shaping of Canadian figurations. First, I offer some historical highlights on the colonization processes and their effects on established-outsiders relations in Canada. Second, I look at inclusion / exclusion dynamics in the different immigration waves and focus more specifically on "whitening." It shows that established and outsiders are not two black boxes but very fluid and dynamic relational patterns. Lastly, I present the persistent hierarchies of the hierarchies within both the French-speakers and English-speakers which allows me to open the discussion on the problematic conceptualization of identity as a single root and multiculturalism. I finally argue that taking seriously rhizomatic identities seems a promising avenue to overcome established-outsiders relations.

Organisme communautaire du Nord de l'Ontario, le Contact interculturel francophone de Sudbury (CIFS) a pour mandat l'intégration des nouveaux arrivants francophones ainsi que la promotion de la diversité culturelle francophone. Après dix ans d'existence, son bilan apparaît positif dans la mesure où il a su éviter la réémergence de divisions de type communautariste et atténuer les problèmes de double minorisation. Tous les francophones, quelle que soit leur origine, y ont leur place. En outre, le CIFS, en tant qu'organisme culturel, a su tisser des liens et des partenariats avec les institutions culturelles franco-ontariennes établies. Par là même, il participe au développement d'une culture et d'une identité franco-ontarienne métissée. Cependant, un travail important reste à faire, en particulier envers certaines femmes isolées de tout réseau social ainsi que dans les écoles francophones de la ville qui passent sous silence la diversité culturelle. Pour faire face à ces deux défis, nous proposons le développement d'une garderie parentale interculturelle originale.

520 p. ; This thesis proposes a critical deconstruction of Alexander Wendt's theory. We underline the genealogy of his thought in the contexts of social theory and international relations theory.Thus, we can say that the Wendtian theory does not solve the agency-structure problem, but actually emphasizes the very terminological problem of this debate. In particular, Wendt's will to synthesize two co-determinist approaches – critical realism and constructivism – shows the deadlock of such a thinking mode. A semantic reformulation of the debate becomes a necessity, therefore the development of concepts such as process, relations, habitus and figurations coming from Eliasian thought. A reconstruction is then offered, wich is based on relationism or process sociology as developped by Norbert Elias. A relationist approach allows us to underline the process character of any social reality in order to avoid reifications so common in traditional social thinking. Besides, to explain and understand international politics, we need to work on the longue durée in order to study the evolution (often slow) of social processes. Finally, with Elias, we integrate a psychological dimension to the understanding of international politics through the concept of habitus wich is, at the same time, social and psychological. In other words, there is a need to open a discussion on the role of emotions, affects and their self-control in the relations of violence on the international scene. The overall goal is to humanize, socialize and historicize theories of international relations. ; Cette thèse propose une démonstration critique de l'œuvre d'Alexander Wendt. On mettra en lumière la généalogie de sa pensée qui se retrouve en théorie sociale et en relations internationales. Ainsi, on peut dire que la théorie wendtienne, loin d'apporter une réponse au traditionnel débat agency-structure, met en réalité en évidence le problème fondamental posé par les termes mêmes de ce débat. La volonté affichée par Wendt de synthétiser les deux approches ...

Abstract: Keywords:Established/outsiders, scale, immigration, national identity, settler societies, urban/rural divide Résumé:En 1965, Norbert Elias et John Scotson ont publié un ouvrage dressant les bases des études sur les logiques d'exclusion. Leur analyse a fait l'objet de plusieurs critiques dont le peu d'attention accordée à la question de l'espace. En s'inspirant des travaux de Norbert Elias et de John Scotson, de nouvelles recherches ont tenté de remédier à la situation en accordant plus d'attention aux enjeux d'espace. Du coup, ces études ont grandement contribué au développement d'une sociologie relationnelle. Malgré ces importants développements, un travail important de développement conceptuel subsiste. Cet article suggère que l'approche Éliasienne peut apporter un éclairage important pour la compréhension des dynamiques locales de relations de pouvoir et de construction identitaire en prenant en considération l'importance des jeux de configurations sociales. La prise en compte des configurations sociales au sens Éliasien permet de mettre en relief le caractère simultané et parfois complexes des différents relations sociales en insistant notamment sur le caractère plus vaste des enjeux qui interpellent les acteurs et en s'éloignant d'une compréhension de ces phénomènes (dynamiques et rapports de pouvoir) comme étant le fruit de dynamiques purement locales. Mots clé: dichotomie Established/outsiders; jeux d'échelle; immigration; identité nationale; société coloniale; dichotomie urbain/rural In 1965, Norbert Elias and John Scotson published a seminal study on the dynamics of established/outsider relations. Their analysis has been criticized on several grounds, including its relative inattention to space. A number of recent studies have sought to build on Elias and Scotson's model by putting greater emphasis on space. These studies represent important interventions in the development of a relational approach to local established/outsider relations. Nonetheless, such an approach would benefit from further refinement. In particular, an Eliasian approach can be especially valuable to the study of local power relations and identity constructions if it takes into account the overlapping nature of configurations, emphasizes that individuals are simultaneously embedded in a large number of configurations, recognizes that different spatial contexts are not merely external resources to be manipulated by (local) actors, and refuses to treat conflicts that happen to play out in local contexts as purely local phenomena.

In 2007, the village of Hérouxville attracted a significant amount of media attention after adopting a controversial code of conduct for living in this municipality. This code of conduct, commonly referred to as the Hérouxville Standards, constructed the community's collective identity in ways that were positioned against several "Others," including women, children and (most notably) immigrants. The construction of "Us" and "Them" evident in the Standards points to ongoing contestations over the definition of nationhood in Quebec. In particular, the Standards reflect a reassertion of exclusive concepts of the nation. As such, the Standards must be read, not as an isolated case, but as part of a larger debate about national identity, immigration and multiculturalism in Quebec.

Introduction -- PART I – Cultural Roads in Research, Practice, and Creativity -- Cultural Roads and Itineraries in the Humanities and Social Sciences -- Cultural Roads and Itineraries: An Object of Practice and Research -- Chronotope of the Road: Illustrations in French-American Literature -- PART II – Fundamental Cultural Roads and Cultural Memory -- Rising Traffic on the Way of St James: The Expression of a Cultural Dynamic? -- The New Silk Roads Projects: When Cultural Roads Meet Diplomacy and Geopolitics -- The Morality of Cultural Itineraries and Tourism: The Ethics of the Grand Tour -- PART III – Public Policies and Cultural Itineraries -- The Policy Windows and Patterns of Cultural Itineraries: The Case of Heritage Trails in Hong Kong -- Agritourism and Terroir Itineraries -- Reassembling the "People's History": Curating Labour Activism through Itineraries -- Cultural Routes, Routes of Political Influence: French Public Museums -- The Itineraries of French Explorers: Tourism, Heritage, and Cultural Diplomacy.

Introduction -- PART I – Cultural Roads in Research, Practice, and Creativity -- Cultural Roads and Itineraries in the Humanities and Social Sciences -- Cultural Roads and Itineraries: An Object of Practice and Research -- Chronotope of the Road: Illustrations in French-American Literature -- PART II – Fundamental Cultural Roads and Cultural Memory -- Rising Traffic on the Way of St James: The Expression of a Cultural Dynamic? -- The New Silk Roads Projects: When Cultural Roads Meet Diplomacy and Geopolitics -- The Morality of Cultural Itineraries and Tourism: The Ethics of the Grand Tour -- PART III – Public Policies and Cultural Itineraries -- The Policy Windows and Patterns of Cultural Itineraries: The Case of Heritage Trails in Hong Kong -- Agritourism and Terroir Itineraries -- Reassembling the "People's History": Curating Labour Activism through Itineraries -- Cultural Routes, Routes of Political Influence: French Public Museums -- The Itineraries of French Explorers: Tourism, Heritage, and Cultural Diplomacy.

This book describes and analyzes the source and nature of the phenomena that characterize new world disorder. These include domestic political crises with international consequences, disruptive regions, terrorism, climate change, deglobalization, and exponentially growing refugee movements.