Suchergebnisse

This book explores the conditions under which Nuclear Weapons Free Zones (NWFZs) can be established. It analyzes four hypotheses that explain the factors contributing to the formation of NWFZs, building upon realist, constructivist and liberal theories from international relations. Through structured focused comparison, the book presents and compares the emergence of NWFZs in Latin America, the South Pacific, Southeast Asia, Africa, Central Asia, and the Middle East, which is a prospect for a NWFZ. The book argues that NWFZ projects depend on the following conditions: the security interest of regional states in avoiding nuclear threats, preexisting regional institutions and regional economic cooperation, leadership by a core of regional powers and shared interest in spreading non-proliferation norms. Democracy is not a necessary condition, but democratization can help overcome barriers presented by hesitant or opposed regional governments. As too many of the mentioned necessary conditions are lacking in the Middle East, a NWFZ project, thus, will be possible only after major political changes.

En el artículo analizaremos la Guerra de los Seis Días que tuvo lugar en Junio de 1967 entre Israel y la alianza de países árabe como Egipto, Jordania y Siria. Esta guerra cuyas repercusiones se sienten hoy día sigue siendo de vital importancia para comprender el medio oriente contemporáneo. Para eso nos centraremos particularmente en las tres semanas previas al conflicto para observar como en un efecto espiral distintos factores contribuyeron al estallido bélico. En ese sentido esta guerra puede ser entendida como un proceso de radicalización creciente que derivo en una guerra total. Entre los múltiples factores intervinientes haremos foco en las relaciones cívico- militares, el armado de alianzas, el rol del nacionalismo y variables psicológicas. Todas ellas combinadas produjeron un efecto desestabilizador que dió inicio a una guerra de seis días y un conflicto que aún persiste. ; Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales (IRI)

Scholars of international relations generally consider that under conditions of violent conflict and war, smuggling and trans-border crime are likely to thrive. In contrast, this book argues that in fact it is globalisation and peaceful borders that have enabled transnational illicit flows conducted by violent non-state actors, including transnational criminal organizations, drug trafficking organizations, and terrorist cells, who exploit the looseness and demilitarization of borderlands. Empirically, the book draws on case studies from the Americas, compared with other regions of the world experiencing similar phenomena, including the European Union and Southeast Europe (the Western Balkans), Southern Africa, and Southeast Asia. To explain the phenomenon in itself, the authors examine the type of peaceful borders and regimes involved in each case; how strong each country is in the governance of their borderlands; their political willingness to control their peaceful borders; and the prevailing socio-economic conditions across the borderlands.