In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 115, S. 272-278
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 74, Heft 5, S. 1122-1130
AbstractEvidence from both laboratory and field studies has shown that currently used synthetic and naturally occurring chemical substances may potentially disrupt invertebrate endocrine systems, although the extent of this in field populations remains unclear. Translating concerns about potential endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) into practical and effective regulatory action is currently hampered by the breadth of invertebrate endocrinology when compared to the better understood vertebrate systems, a lack of fundamental knowledge about the endocrinology of many invertebrate groups, and the resulting uncertainty when making regulatory decisions. This commentary (i) outlines the breadth of invertebrate endocrine pathways for which European Union regulation of potential EDCs may be relevant; (ii) reviews the extent to which current knowledge meets regulatory requirements for invertebrates, including an assessment of the suitability of current invertebrate test guidelines for detecting endocrine modes of action; and (iii) proposes a roadmap towards the regulation of potential EDCs with greater confidence, based on the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) concept and a focus on identifying Molecular Initiating Events (MIEs) within AOPs. We conclude there are no validated tools to determine any invertebrate endocrine mode of action in vitro or in vivo. However, there are commonly used invertebrate toxicity tests which might capture adverse effects that could potentially result from an endocrine mode of action but would not identify the causal mechanisms. Therefore, EU regulatory requirements for the identification of EDCs cannot currently be satisfied for invertebrates, either in general or for the specific invertebrates used in standard ecotoxicological studies. We propose that the most important research need is compilation of a comprehensive list of endocrine-related MIEs across invertebrate taxa via use of high-throughput 'omics in combination with bioinformatics reverse engineered analyses. Although tractable, such an approach would require significant resource investment for development and implementation.
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 74, Heft 4, S. 800-810
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 72, Heft 3, S. 802-810
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 266, S. 115563
La chlordécone (CLD), molécule organochlorée, persiste dans les sols des bananeraies où elle a été appliquée entre 1972 et 1993. Elle contaminera eaux, végétaux et population pour de nombreuses décennies. Le projet RivAGE aborde notamment la question de la gestion de cette pollution à travers la production et l'accompagnement d'innovations pour réduire l'exposition des populations et les impacts environnementaux associés aux usages de la CLD. Une première étape est d'aboutir à une représentation partagée des relations de "causes à effets" entre l'homme et l'environnement. Pour cela, le projet s'intéressera aux composantes physiques, biologiques, écologiques, socio-économiques de l'environnement. Une seconde étape consiste à identifier les innovations qui permettront de mieux gérer le risque de pollution et à accompagner les acteurs dans leur mise en oeuvre. Les observations sont conduites à l'échelle de deux sites ateliers, l'un en Guadeloupe, l'autre en Martinique. Les résultats escomptés sont à la fois des connaissances nouvelles sur la pollution par la CLD et aussi des produits opérationnels (modèles, pratiques agricoles.) qui contribueront à réduire l'exposition des populations et des écosystèmes.