Suchergebnisse

"Between the Plough and the Pick deepens our understanding of informal, artisanal and small-scale mining, popularly known as ASM. The book engages with wider scholarly conceptualisations of contemporary global social, agrarian and political changes, whilst underlining the roles that local social‑political-historical contexts play in shaping mineral extractive processes and practices. It shows that the people who are engaged in these mining practices are often the poorest and most exploited labourers—erstwhile peasants caught in the vortex of global change, who perform the most insecure and dangerous tasks. Although these people are located at the margins of mainstream economic life, they collectively produce enormous amounts of diverse material commodities and find a livelihood (and often a pathway out of oppressive poverty). The contributions to this book bring these people to the forefront of debates on resource politics. The contributors are international scholars and practitioners who explore the complexities in the histories, in labour and production practices, the forces driving such mining, the creative agency and capacities of these miners, as well as the human and environmental costs of ASM. They show how these informal, artisanal and small‑scale miners are inextricably engaged with, or bound to, global commodity values, are intimately involved in the production of new extractive territories and rural economies, and how their labour reshapes agrarian communities and landscapes of resource access and control.
This book drives home the understanding that, collectively, this social and economic milieu redefines our conceptualisation of resource politics, mineral‑dependent livelihoods, extractive geographies of resources and commodities, and their multiple meanings."

Preliminary -- List of Figures -- Foreword -- Glossary -- Contributors -- 1. Introduction: Gendering the Masculine Field of Mining for Sustainable Community Livelihoods. Kuntala Lahiri-Dutt -- 2. Modernity, Gender and Mining: Experiences from Papua New Guinea. Martha Macintyre -- 3. Bordering on Equality: Women Miners in North America. Laurie Mercier -- 4. Sex Work and Livelihoods: Beyond the 'Negative Impacts on Women' in Indonesian Mining. Petra Mahy -- 5. Experiences of Indigenous Women in the Australian Mining Industry. Joni Parmenter -- 6. Indigenous Women and Mining Agreement Negotiations: Australia and Canada. Ciaran O'Faircheallaigh -- 7. Gender-Based Evaluation of Development Projects: The LAST Method. Kuntala Lahiri-Dutt -- 8. Women-Owned SMEs in Supply Chains of the Corporate Resources Sector. Ana Maria Esteves -- 9. On the Radar? Gendered Considerations in Australia-Based Mining Companies' Sustainability Reporting, 2004-2007. Sara Bice -- 10. Towards a Post-Conflict Transition: Women and Artisanal Mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Rachel Perks -- 11. Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining: Gender and Sustainable Livelihoods in Mongolia. Bolormaa Purevjav -- 12. Gender Mainstreaming in Asian Mining: A Development Perspective. Kuntala Lahiri-Dutt and Gill Burke.

Our body consists, by weight, of an average of 60 percent water (in man it is slightly more, in women slightly less). Nothing is as elementary to life as water; Without water, people can not survive more than a few days. The significance of the mere presence of water in the life of man is shown in the special position which it possesses for man's imagination and cosmology. John Wagner points out that water has a social life (this term refers to a wide range of human relationships, such as political, economic, or spiritual). Even if the water moves between all forms of life and between the animate and the inanimate world, the social interrelationships between mankind and the water represent a subgroup within the broader range of ecological relations.

Masculinist historiography, either purposively or inadvertently, has tended to present the ancient human endeavour of mining as a male domain in which gender was, to use a technical, engineering term, not much more than just an 'overburden', a disposable material that is treated as waste for being marginal to the major purpose of extracting valuable and worthy minerals. As a corrective to this avowed gender-blindness, feminist researchers from a range of disciplines have illuminated the heavily gendered nature of mining as work and an industry, and the gendered labour processes that create gendered impacts on communities, creating gendered places of production and reproduction. Drawing on this large and growing body of literature, this chapter presents the main strands of feminist arguments and brings the political economy approaches closer to the emergent threads of political ecology studies. By doing so, the chapter offers an overview of the 'industrial' studies of labour by feminists coupled with feminist writings on the 'gender selective impacts of mining' emerging primarily from the studies in less-affluent nations where mining has been expanding rapidly since the 1980s. In particular, the chapter argues that the masculinity of mining as an industry cannot be divorced from the gendered impacts of the industry; a masculine workplace with masculine labour processes is intimately linked to situations where women bear disproportionately heavy burdens of environmental degradation and social disruptions caused by large-scale mining.

Dans le présent article, l'auteure soutient que l'approche fondée sur les droits, telle qu'appliquée dans le contexte minier, s'appuie sur une interprétation limitée du concept des femmes. Les femmes sont généralement pensées comme étant en dehors du secteur minier et comme des victimes de l'oppression patriarcale. Une vision aussi incomplète du genre va à l'encontre d'une perspective féministe qui est nécessairement holistique, tout comme elle est éclectique dans son traitement des problématiques touchant les femmes. Pour justifier cet argument, l'auteure discute des résultats de recherches-actions menées dans des mines de charbon en Indonésie et en Inde orientale. Elle démontre comment l'approche fondée sur les droits, lorsqu'elle s'appuie sur une conception incomplète du genre, aliène la figure de la femme qui, bien que travaillant comme citoyenne économique à l'intérieur du secteur minier, généralement tout au bas de l'échelle, n'en est pas moins asservie.

Coal dominates energy production of modern India, shaping the economic and political milieu of the country and dictating its energy future. But invisible to the state's view of coal running the nation, are roles played by this commodity in the livelihoods of millions of poor who live on the coal tracts of the country. In this paper, I argue that there are four coal economies — with yet another one lurking within or following behind as a shadow — in India. Each of these economies has different meanings of coal to those who are involved in the economy, producing the'diverse worlds' of coal. To substantiate my argument, I critically analyse official and field-based primary data within a'diverse economies framework' to present the intricate interlinkages among these worlds. I show that the multiple coal worlds are neither tiered in a hierarchical manner, nor'parallel' in the sense of dualism implied in a simplified formal-informal dichotomy. Rather, these worlds of coal have different actors, and their domains are ruled by different norms and values about the qualities of coal as a material commodity; yet they overlap and intersect with each other through their complex labour regimes. ; I thank the Australian Research Council (Grant ID: DP130104396, Beyond the Resource Curse) for funding one part of this study.