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"Der Autor untersucht den Einfluss von Governance-Indikatoren - Bureaucratic Quality, Civil Liberties, Government Stability, Law and Order - auf die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung. Steigt die wahrgenommene Korruption eines Staates auf der Skala des Corruption Perceptions Index von 1-10 um nur einen Punkt, sinkt die Produktivität um 4 Prozent, die Nettokapitalzuflüsse um 0,5 %, so eine These. Der Autor zeigt durch empirische Untersuchungen, dass niedrigere Nettokapitalimporte letztlich durch mit Korruption einhergehendem Fehlen rechtsstaatlicher Tradition und dass niedrigere Produktivität durch geringere Leistungsfähigkeit der Bürokratie verursacht werden. Als wirkungsvolle Korruptionsbekämpfung empfiehlt er daher einerseits administrative Reformen und andererseits den Aufbau bzw. die Stärkung rechtsstaatlicher Tradition." (Autorenreferat)

There is empirical evidence that investors' confidence is not only adversely affected by corruption but also by the lack of predictability and confidence that accompanies corrupt deals. However, the positive aspect of this lack of confidence is that it acts as a deterrent to corruption. Empirical data provided here on a cross–section of countries proves that confidence in corrupt deals enhances the further spread of corruption. This suggests that the adverse effects of corruption cannot be avoided by divesting it of its unpredictability.

How is negative reciprocity cultivated in an environment of violent conflict? This study investigates how students in the West Bank react to unfair proposals in an ultimatum game. Proposals submitted with Hebrew as compared to Arab handwriting are rejected more often. Israelis must offer 15 percent more of a given stake than Palestinians in order to achieve the same probability of acceptance. This willingness to lose money by rejecting proposals reveals a preference for discrimination against Israelis, cultivated in the conflict-ridden environment. Students who voice a militant attitude, surprisingly, do not reveal a higher tendency to discriminate, exercising a high degree of negative reciprocity toward all unfair proposals. But those who favor a political role for Islam have a higher inclination to discriminate. This implies that ethnic and religious cleavages do not consistently generate in-group solidarity. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright holder.]

How is negative reciprocity cultivated in an environment of violent conflict? This study investigates how students in the West Bank react to unfair proposals in an ultimatum game. Proposals submitted with Hebrew as compared to Arab handwriting are rejected more often. Israelis must offer 15 percent more of a given stake than Palestinians in order to achieve the same probability of acceptance. This willingness to lose money by rejecting proposals reveals a preference for discrimination against Israelis, cultivated in the conflict-ridden environment. Students who voice a militant attitude, surprisingly, do not reveal a higher tendency to discriminate, exercising a high degree of negative reciprocity toward all unfair proposals. But those who favor a political role for Islam have a higher inclination to discriminate. This implies that ethnic and religious cleavages do not consistently generate in-group solidarity.