Suchergebnisse

IntroduzioneTra le molteplici ragioni che sollecitano uno studio del fenomeno Forza Italia, sono precipuamente due quelle da cui muove il nostro articolo. La prima è l'esigenza di fornire un contributo alla conoscenza di un fenomeno così nuovo ed originale da rendere complicato anche il semplice etichettamento. Come altrove, anche in campo politologico il termine più utilizzato per qualificare questo tipo di partito è stato quello di «azienda», che riassume il suo essere frutto di un originale e riuscito esperimento di trasferimento in campo politico di una struttura imprenditoriale e del suo leader. Ma non ne sono mancati altri altrettanto significativi. Nondimeno sembra ormai difficile parlare diflash partydopo otto anni di vita, dipartito aziendadopo l'allargamento del reticolo organizzativo, di semplicepartito carismaticodopo il parziale processo di istituzionalizzazione che negli anni è intervenuto (Poli 2001). Più utile ci sembra, riprendendo la terminologia proposta anni fa da Panebianco (1982), parlare di «partito elettoralista» (Gunther e Diamond 2002), ovvero di partito organizzativamente snello, le cui funzioni primarie sono la strutturazione del voto e la selezione dei candidati alle elezioni e, dunque, la conduzione della campagna elettorale attraverso tecniche moderne incentrate soprattutto sui mezzi di comunicazione di massa e sull'attrattiva personale dei candidati presentati, in particolare del suo leader.

This article analyzes the composition of the parliamentary groups of Forza Italia in both branches of the Italian parliament, comparing the 1994, 1996, & 2001 data. By so doing, it attempts to contribute to a better knowledge of the political movement, Forza Italia, the party founded by Prime Minister Berlusconi. After describing the social & political characteristics of the parliamentarian elite, the criteria utilized for the recruitment of the parliamentarians & their places of origin, the article analyzes the nature of Forza Italia & the changes the new party brought into the Italian political system. In the end, it raises the questions of its suitability to support its leader in order not to repeat the failure of 1994; & whether Forza Italia will be able to lead the Italian transition to completion within the mould of a majoritarian democracy. 13 Tables, 1 Figure, 31 References. Adapted from the source document.

Abstract. The article explores changes in the politics of business associability in Italy and Greece, focusing in particular on a set of comparable domestic and European developments that have played the roles of stimuli for the slow but unmistakable transformation of interest politics. Against a background of intense politicization, changes that are taking place since the 1980s suggest that organized interests become disentangled from the linkages which sustained party colonization and state dominance. Changes in interest politics were facilitated by the transition to a majoritarian system (in Italy) and party alternation (in Greece). The disentanglement we refer to would be difficult under conditions of sharing–out government; conversely, alternating governments facilitate changes in the relationships between interests, parties and policy–making. Apart from the domestic sources of change, the article argues that shifts in interest politics are the combined outcome of wider challenges and of the impact of Europeanization. On the basis of this analysis, we speculate that the disentanglement of interest politics may be conducive to national policy adjustment in two possible scenarios. Either by enabling intersectoral agreements over policy issues or by freeing national policymaking from the burden of oligopolistic coalitions — a social democratic and a neoliberal scenario respectively.

The article explores changes in the politics of business associability in Italy and Greece, focusing in particular on a set of comparable domestic and European developments that have played the roles of stimuli for the slow but unmistakable transformation of interest politics. Against a background of intense politicization, changes that are taking place since the 1980s suggest that organized interests become disentangled from the linkages which sustained party colonization and state dominance. Changes in interest politics were facilitated by the transition to a majoritarian system (in Italy) and party alternation (in Greece). The disentanglement we refer to would be difficult under conditions of sharing-out government; conversely, alternating governments facilitate changes in the relationships between interests, parties and policy-making. Apart from the domestic sources of change, the article argues that shifts in interest politics are the combined outcome of wider challenges and of the impact of Europeanization. On the basis of this analysis, we speculate that the disentanglement of interest politics may be conducive to national policy adjustment in two possible scenarios. Either by enabling intersectoral agreements over policy issues or by freeing national policy-making from the burden of oligopolistic coalitions - a social democratic and a neoliberal scenario respectively. (European Journal of Political Research / FUB)