Suchergebnisse

The importance of ethical regulation of professional practice is one of the most topical and discussed problems in modern ethics. The reason for it lies in the rapid development and institutionalization of a wide range of professions in which ethical questions make the very essence of professional practice, determine its characteristics and future perspectives of the professionals working in the respective fields. These questions are particularly topical for a range of relatively new professions connected with producing and functioning of information. Computerization and implementation of new information technologies lead to fundamental changes not only in technics and technology but also in professional work itself, to the extension of requirements applied to the professional image of the worker and to the genesis of a new way of thinking. The processes of ethical regulation of professional practice, of development and functioning of professional morality constitute the subject area of modern professional ethics. Professional ethics is a study of professional morality as a sum of ideals and values, ideas of the proper, ethical principles and norms of behavior which reflect the essence of the profession and adjust the relations that develop between workers during their work process and spring from the content of their professional practice. Philosophical nature of ethics allows it to make a moral assessment of different social facts and processes, first of all, of work and professional practice. The genesis of professional ethics is linked to the comprehension of problems of professional morality which was a result of the social division of labor and the attendant specialization and professional differentiation. However, the existence of various codices, rules, oaths and other systems of ethical regulation in different professions doesn't guarantee civilized professional ethical relations. Social and spiritual maturity of society, the level of development of democratic public institutions, the condition of law and moral conscience, patriotism and moral culture largely affect the manifestation of the ethical aspect of professional practice. One of the most important criteria of the ethical assessment of the quality of professional practice and of worker's personality is professionalism which implies not only the sum of certain professional knowledge and skills but also the moral image of the specialist, fulfillment of requirements of professional ethics, the ability to follow the common norms as well as professional moral norms in his professional practice.

The article is dedicated to the interpretation of views of Russian philosopher I.A. Ilyin (1883-1954) on eternal ethical and psychological problems which concern the modern young generation. His original and profound reflections promote high ideals, contribute to ethical and psychological studies and help to confront the spiritual impoverishment of society and to harmonize social relations. I.A. Ilyin left an enormous legacy of books and contributed to studies of various academic spheres, but his most famous works are devoted to social and political, law, philosophical and religious problems. His aesthetic as well as ethical and psychological legacy is studied to a much lesser extent, whereas Ilyin himself thought that his most important works were written in his last years of life in which he mostly studied aesthetic, ethical and psychological questions. The article reviews Ilyin's interpretation of ethical categories such as happiness, love, justice, friendship, death, immortality, good and evil, guilt, conscience and analyses the problems of upbringing of the young generation. The meaning of the moral categories is interpreted differently in the history of ethics and in modern studies. I.A. Ilyin follows the Christian tradition in his ethical reflections presented in his works such as "I am looking into life. The book of meditations", "Singing heart. The book of quiet contemplation", "The way to insight", "The look into the distance". The article also studies the psychological phenomena such as sincerity, fidelity, solitude, humor, optimism, age, delicacy, boredom, insomnia and Ilyin's interpretation of them as well as psychological aspects of gender problems. The problem of spirituality is particularly acute both for Russia and the West in the XXI century and in this regard the appeal to the works of I.A. Ilyin and the interpretation of his ethical and psychological reflections are especially relevant.

The article reviews the history of anthems in the context of emergence and development of corporate anthems and also considers the latter as one of the highest points of development of modern corporate ethics codes. Corporate ethics is often viewed as a closed sphere which serves certain corporate purposes and doesn't concern people not involved in corporate life. Nevertheless, the mere existence of corporate anthems signifies that large corporations are more than mere commercial enterprises in the modern world; some aspects of their activity show that their impact on corporate workers' lives includes influences which affect their civic consciousness and also the relationship between state and citizens, thus changing the social life. The idea of anthem which was connected with manifestations of national identity or religious practice throughout centuries is undergoing great changes nowadays. There are many other communities besides nations and religions which claim their rights to have their own anthems. Large corporations strive to concentrate social and sometimes even governmental functions within themselves, and corporate anthems serve as symbols of this transformation.