Suchergebnisse

La vida cotidiana como objeto de estudio, constituye uno de los aspectos sociales de mayor complejidad a ser entendidos, tomando en consideración que en el día a día de los pueblos es donde nacen los procesos de interacción del hombre con los demás grupos culturales y con las instituciones, en otras palabras es donde se da la génesis de la socialización y sociabilización. La interacción del ser humano con su entorno en la cotidianidad implica una relación directa e indirecta con los sistemas económicos, culturales, políticos y socio ambientales a nivel local o a otras escalas por medio de la transferencia e intercambio económico, situación que conlleva a que la vida cotidiana se dinamice con ciertas particularidades y cambie en determinados lapsos temporales del devenir. Los cambios en la vida cotidiana del municipio Santos Marquina del Estado Mérida - Venezuela obedece a usos de los recursos naturales como medio económico, donde la relación del hombre se ha ido diversificando en el tiempo desde prácticas rudimentarias hasta tecnificadas, provocando transformaciones en el paisaje cultural y en la vida del campo. ; The daily life as an object of study constitutes one of the most complex social aspects to be regarded, taking into consideration that in the people's day by day is where the processes of human interaction of men with other cultural groups and institutions bear, in other words is where the genesis of socialization and sociabilization occurs. The interaction of human beings with their environment in their everyday lives implies a direct and indirect relationship with the economic, cultural, political and socio-environmental systems at a local and some other scales by means of economic transfer and exchange, a situation that leads the daily life to become more dynamic in certain peculiarities while it changes in certain temporary periods of the evolution of the facts. Changes in the daily life of Santos Marquina Municipality, Mérida State - Venezuela derives from the use of natural resources as economic means, where the relationships of men have been diversified over time from rudimentary practices to technical ones, resulting in transformations in the cultural landscape and in the countryside life. ; 110-136 ; pablolara01@gmail.com ; trimestral

En el transcurrir de los últimos años las ciencias sociales han ido evolucionando teórica y metodológicamente, a la par de las transformaciones estructurales de las sociedades producto de coyunturas de diversa naturaleza genésica, pero que al fi nal los elementos de mayor incidencia en estos cambios son los de corte político, económico y tecnológico, creándose de manera procesal nuevos paquetes culturales, los cuales en su mayoría necesitan de nuevos medios paradigmáticos para ser entendidos en primera instancia por minorías y de allí transitar a la explicación para las masas. En este sentido, es perentorio señalar que en la actualidad se cuenta con una nueva metodología para reconstruir procesos socio-históricos o de otra índole; nos referimos a la historia oral. Esta línea metodológica, paulatinamente, se ha ido convirtiendo en un área de investigación, la cual contribuye al estudio social y de la historia en distintas perspectivas; entre ellas podemos nombrar la posibilidad que tiene el investigador de trascender del uso del documento escrito como univoca fuente a lo que sería la utilización del testimonio oral,pudiendo el investigador acercarse aún más a la realidad objeto de estudio a través de la entrevista a un actor de determinado hecho. ; Dans les dernières années les sciences sociales ont été évoluées théoriquement et méthodologiquement, avec aux transformations structurelles des sociétés comme produit de conjonctures de diverse nature génésique, mais á la fi n, les éléments les plus incidents, dans ces changements, sont auxquels qu'ont un ordre politique, économique, et technologique en créant de manière du procès nouveaux paquets culturels,lesquels, la plupart ont besoin de nouveaux moyens paradigmatiques pour pouvoir être entendus, premièrement par les minorités et après par les masses. À ce propos, nous devons signaler qu'il existe, actuellement,une nouvelle méthodologie pour reconstruire des processus sociohistorique ou d'un autre genre ; nous parlons de l'histoire orale. Cette ligne méthodologique qui vienne de se transformer sur un domaine de recherche, qui contribue à l'étude social et à l'histoire en différentes perspectives, dans lesquelles nous pouvons nommés la possibilité qu'a le chercheur pour dépasser l'usage du document écrit comme la seule source et commencer à utiliser le témoignage oral comme une autre source que lui permet au chercheur de s'approcher à la réalité à travers de l'enquête. ; 45-62 ; E-mail: angelantunez@hotmail.com ; Semestral

PurposePrior research has found empirical evidence that procedural justice is an antecedent of cyberloafing in the workplace. The purpose of this paper is to explore why that association is possible. It is argued that perceptions of procedural justice affect cyberloafing because unfair procedure places an employee in conflict with the organizational rules. Accordingly, this paper predicts that it is normative conflict rather than procedural justice that really prompts employees to retaliate against the organization by engaging in cyberloafing.Design/methodology/approachData are collected from 147 (19.4 percent) of the 758 non‐teaching staff at a public university where internet usage policy to combat its improper use has been increasingly rigid. Structural equation modeling is used to test the predicted mediation.FindingsThe results show that procedural justice is an antecedent of the normative conflict that fully mediates the link between procedural justice and cyberloafing.Research limitations/implicationsThe subjects in this study reflect job conditions that are peculiar to the public sector. This may limit the ability to extrapolate the findings to the private sector. The findings provide a new explanation for the mechanics of the link between unfair/fair procedural perceptions and cyberloafing.Practical implicationsThe findings contribute to a better understanding of the way procedural justice is able to monitor cyberloafing, and discusses how actions designed to promote procedural justice may be useful to the efficient management of normative conflict, hence, the normative process is able to stifle cyberloafing.Originality/valueEmployee perceptions of normative conflict are shown to mediate the relationship between procedural justice and cyberloafing. This is the first empirical test of this mediation.

PurposeAnomia (from the Greek, an‐: absence, and ‐nomos: law) describes pessimistic feelings such as social detachment and little faith in human relations. This study seeks to examine an explanation of how and why person‐organization fit (POF) – operationalized as value congruence – may influence organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) directed at the organization (OCB‐O) and individuals (OCB‐I). The thesis is that unfavorable POF will elicit employees' anomic feelings, which in turn will prompt them to reciprocate with decreased OCB.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 84 of the 198 (42.4 percent) employees of a provincial Spanish Social Security agency. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test mediation.FindingsThe results support that POF predicts anomic feelings that, in turn, fully mediate the link between POF and OCB‐O, but not with OCB‐I.Research limitations/implicationsThe employees surveyed have job conditions inherent to the peculiarities of the public sector that may limit the ability to extrapolate the findings to the private sector.Practical implicationsThe findings offer a better understanding of the way POF is able to affect OCB, and suggest that actions designed to promote POF may be useful in managing anomic processes in the workplace.Originality/valueAnomia as a mediator in the relationship between POF, as value congruence, and OCB has not been empirically studied.

Resumen: Finalmente, el pronóstico sobre la profundización de la tensión entre oferta y demanda total (interna + externa) de carne que hiciéramos a mediados de 2005, ya es una realidad más que palpable. En este trabajo planteamos el conflicto ganadero y lo ponemos en perspectiva, sintetizando los factores que lo desencadenaron y las respuestas que fue ensayando el gobierno a las señales enviadas por el mercado. Concluimos indicando que el principal desafío pasa por armonizar los intereses del gobierno nacional con la realidad que enfrenta la cadena de valor. Existen razones económicas, políticas y sociales, que explican la intención de las autoridades nacionales de mantener estable el precio de la carne. Pero, por valiosas que resulten estas razones, no pueden ignorar la cuestión ganadera. Deben contemplarse la realidad sectorial y las consecuencias de afectarla seriamente con políticas que limiten o, peor aún, anulen su rentabilidad. ; Abstract: Finally, the prediction on the deepening of the tension between supply and total demand of meat that we had done in the middle of 2005 is a reality more than palpable. In this paper we raise the meat conflict and put it in perspective, synthesizing the factors that unleashed it and the answers that the government was testing to the signs sent by the market. We end up by indicating that the principal challenge passes for harmonizing the interests of the national government with the reality that faces the chain of value. There exist economic, political and social reasons, which explain the intention of the national authorities of keeping stable the price of the meat. But, for valuable that turn out to be these reasons, they cannot ignore the meat question. There must be contemplated the sectorial reality and the consequences of affecting it seriously with political that border or, still, affect the profitability.

PurposeThis study examines the relationship between interactional justice, which is a specific type of organizational justice perception that reflects how a person is treated by an authority, and workplace internet deviance (or Cyberloafing) as a category of deviant workplace behavior. The tested model suggests that interactional justice affects cyberloafing by influencing fear of formal punishment –as an intimidation construct– which, in turn, prompts employees to reciprocate with deviant workplace internet behaviors.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 147 (19.4 percent) of the 758 non‐teaching staff at a Spanish public university. Accessibility of individual e‐mail accounts was similar for all employees. E‐mails asking for collaboration were sent in two phases. A questionnaire was posted on the university Intranet and could be accessed by clicking on a link in the e‐mails.FindingsStructural equation modeling results support that interactional justice is an antecedent of fear of formal punishment that fully mediates the relationship between interactional justice and workplace internet deviance.Research limitations/implicationsThe researched employees have job conditions inherent to the peculiarities of the public sector which may limit the ability to extrapolate the findings in the private sector. The fear construct was assessed by a self‐supplied scale, and thus the presence of shades of other similar emotions could not be discounted. Findings provide a more understandable mechanism of the influence of supervisor disrespect on cyberloafing.Practical implicationsThese findings contribute to an understanding of the ways in which organizations can control cyberloafing and provide reservations about the intimidator strategy efficiency.Originality/valueThe use of fear of punishment as a mediator on this link is unprecedented.

The Open University of Catalonia (Universidad Oberta de Catalunya, UOC), created in 1995 by initiative of the Government of Catalonia, was born with the purpose to facilitate people's long life formation. As an institution created in the Information and Communication Society, is endowed of a flexible structure and supports its educational model in the innovation and in the intensive use of the ICT. From the Virtual Campus of the UOC, pioneer in higher education, students and professors interact with the purpose to facilitate a process of teaching and learning that wants to reach the objectives proposed. The present article shows the evolution of the UOC in its eleven years of history and strikes the challenges of the institution at the present moment. ; La Universidad Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), creada en 1995 por iniciativa del Gobierno de Cataluña, nace con la finalidad de facilitar la formación de las personas a lo largo de la vida. Como institución creada en la Sociedad de la Información para la Sociedad de la Información se dota de una estructura flexible y fundamenta su modelo educativo en la innovación y en el uso intensivo de las TIC. A partir del Campus Virtual de la UOC, pionero en educación superior, estudiantes y profesores interactúan asíncronamente con la finalidad de facilitar un proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje que procure la consecución de los objetivos propuestos. El presente artículo muestra la evolución de la UOC en sus once años de historia y plantea los retos de la institución en el momento actual.

PurposeThis study investigated why employees' cyberloafing behavior is affected by their coworkers' cyberloafing behavior. By integrating social learning theory and deterrence theory, the authors developed a model to explain the role of employees' perceived certainty of formal and informal sanctions in understanding the effect of coworkers' cyberloafing behavior on employees' cyberloafing behavior.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a survey that involved a two-stage data collection process (including 293 respondents) to test our developed model. Mplus 7.0 was used to analyze the data.FindingsThe results revealed that employees' cyberloafing was positively affected by their coworkers' cyberloafing both directly and indirectly. The indirect effect of coworkers' cyberloafing on employees' cyberloafing was mediated by the employees' perceived certainty of formal and informal sanctions on cyberloafing. Employees' perceived certainty of formal and informal sanctions were found to mediate the relationship both separately (each type of sanctions mediates the relationship individually) and in combination (the two types of sanctions form a serial mediation effect).Originality/valueThe study reveals an important mechanism – employees' perceived certainty of formal and informal sanctions – that underlies the relationship between coworkers' cyberloafing and employees' cyberloafing, thus, contributing to the cyberloafing literature. It also demonstrates the importance of negative reinforcement (perceived sanctions) in the social learning process, which contributes to the literature on social learning theory because previous studies have primarily focused on the role of positive reinforcement. Lastly, the study reveals a positive relationship between employees' perceived certainty of formal sanctions and informal sanctions, which has important implications for deterrence theory.

The final objective of this research is to characterise the evolution of agricultural products and their commercial supply through existing data. A systematic protocol for downloading data from several sources generates a sufficient mass of information to automatically establish analysis parameters. The chosen research case is coffee, and the sources used so far are AGRELMA, ALIBABA and TWITTER. The structured data of marketplaces allows to identify: producers, traders, countries, prices, sales conditions. The analysis of structured and textual data from social networks reveals: the most active accounts, the relevant topics, the relationships between market players. The relationship between the two sources will make it possible to characterise the dynamics of the coffee market and to build the actors' real profiles. Providing current, reliable and sustainable/automated data is essential for verifying the information that is transmitted and for political or economic decision-making. This research aims to build a monitoring and analysis KPI tool and to publish the results in the framework of the DATAUSE project.