Suchergebnisse

International audience ; La région SUD PACA est caractérisée par une forte croissance démographique, tant au niveau des aglomérations qu'au niveau des zones rurales. Il en découle des tensions importantes sur l'appprovisionnement énergétique, amplifiées, d'une part, par une fragilité du système électrique et, d'autre part, par la forte consommation locale et le développement rapide de l'urbanisation. La région est, par conséquent, en dépendance énergétique. En effet, si la consommation de la région SUD PACA représente 8 % de la consommation nationale, sa production énergétique primaire représente 1 % de la production nationale, ce qui permet de couvrir seulement 10 % de sa consommation effective. Cette situation est souvent jugée critique et accentue les tensions sur l'approvisionnement électrique, la région, et plus précisément les Alpes-Maritimes, étant par ailleurs en situation de péninsule électrique car située en « bout de réseau ». Au niveau des principaux postes de consommation (cf. Figure 1), le secteur industriel (33 % au niveau local contre 19 % au niveau national) est prédominant du fait de la présence de grandes infrastructures, telles que l'Etang de Berre, qui contribue à accroître fortement la consommation énergétique. Figure 1 : Consommation d'énergie finale par secteur d'activité (Source : ORECA) Consommation régionale Consommation nationale Par ailleurs, le secteur des transports (35 %) est le principal consommateur d'énergie et représente le principal poste d'émissions des gaz à effet de serre. Le transport routier est, en 2016, responsable de plus de 52 % des émissions d'oxydes d'azote NOx et de 32 % de celles de particules fines PM2.5. Le principal émetteur des particules fines est le secteur de l'habitat et du tertiaire (36 %). Au niveau de la consommation énergétique de l'habitat et du tertiaire, le chauffage représente 75 % de la consommation. Ce poids très important du chauffage est une caractéristique régionale liée à la faible performance énergétique locale et la surreprésentation des chauffages électriques. La vétusté de l'équipement énergétique (équipement en double vitrage insuffisant dans les bâtiments collectifs, et réhabilitations thermiques très en retard par rapport au niveau national), conjuguée à un taux de pauvreté élevé dans la région, conduisent à une précarité énergétique qui devrait être une priorité en matière de politique publique locale pour les partenaires publics et privés. En 2012, 16,9 % des ménages vivent en dessous du seuil de pauvreté. La région SUD PACA est la troisième région touchée par la pauvreté, derrière la Corse et le Nord-Pas

Abstract:This article introduces this special issue on routines. It offers some suggestions as to why the concept of routines is considered central in methodological considerations of capabilities and organizational evolution. The contributors to this special issue propose various analytical tools, and provide some missing pieces from the puzzle related to the prominent role of routines. Issues discussed in the papers include methodological individualism. Routines lie between the individual and the firm levels of analysis because they are enacted by individuals in a social context. It is also suggested that a multilevel research agenda provides a finer-grained analysis because organizational routines are not isolated units but are entangled among the various organizational layers.

Showcases advanced empirical research that applies the concept of organizational routines to understanding organizations and how they change and evolve. This book highlights issues that include the use of event-sequence methods in the analysis of organizational routines

International audience ; Changing routines and creating new routinization processes are difficult tasks involving both cognitive and political mechanisms. In this paper we use Defial- a French meet proessing firm- in order to illustrate some of the problems involved in creating a new procedural memory in a workshop and in applying the concept of 'routine'. We discuss some methodological implications resulting from our various observations and the choice we made. In our case study, the complexity arose partly from the many different factors that affect the production process, such as stress and the overload syndrome. We show that time and hierachical pressure cannot alone ensure the success of memorization of a task. The routinization process is only truly sucessful when a new state of condidence towards management has been established, a confidence that helps overcome the socio-emotional issues arising from the changes that are taking place and that paves the way for the acceptance of change in both declarative and procedural memory.

International audience ; Changing routines and creating new routinization processes are difficult tasks involving both cognitive and political mechanisms. In this paper we use Defial- a French meet proessing firm- in order to illustrate some of the problems involved in creating a new procedural memory in a workshop and in applying the concept of 'routine'. We discuss some methodological implications resulting from our various observations and the choice we made. In our case study, the complexity arose partly from the many different factors that affect the production process, such as stress and the overload syndrome. We show that time and hierachical pressure cannot alone ensure the success of memorization of a task. The routinization process is only truly sucessful when a new state of condidence towards management has been established, a confidence that helps overcome the socio-emotional issues arising from the changes that are taking place and that paves the way for the acceptance of change in both declarative and procedural memory.

International audience ; Changing routines and creating new routinization processes are difficult tasks involving both cognitive and political mechanisms. In this paper we use Defial- a French meet proessing firm- in order to illustrate some of the problems involved in creating a new procedural memory in a workshop and in applying the concept of 'routine'. We discuss some methodological implications resulting from our various observations and the choice we made. In our case study, the complexity arose partly from the many different factors that affect the production process, such as stress and the overload syndrome. We show that time and hierachical pressure cannot alone ensure the success of memorization of a task. The routinization process is only truly sucessful when a new state of condidence towards management has been established, a confidence that helps overcome the socio-emotional issues arising from the changes that are taking place and that paves the way for the acceptance of change in both declarative and procedural memory.

International audience ; Changing routines and creating new routinization processes are difficult tasks involving both cognitive and political mechanisms. In this paper we use Defial- a French meet proessing firm- in order to illustrate some of the problems involved in creating a new procedural memory in a workshop and in applying the concept of 'routine'. We discuss some methodological implications resulting from our various observations and the choice we made. In our case study, the complexity arose partly from the many different factors that affect the production process, such as stress and the overload syndrome. We show that time and hierachical pressure cannot alone ensure the success of memorization of a task. The routinization process is only truly sucessful when a new state of condidence towards management has been established, a confidence that helps overcome the socio-emotional issues arising from the changes that are taking place and that paves the way for the acceptance of change in both declarative and procedural memory.