Suchergebnisse

Abstract In this article, we examine the establishment of the Brazilian biofuels policy (RenovaBio). We identify whether there was participation of stakeholders, and efforts of interest groups (associations, sugar refineries, and fuel distributors) to send technical notes and comments in order to have their perspectives heard and demands met, mainly regarding the definition of individual targets for reducing greenhouse gases (GHG). Government documents and stakeholder comments were consulted. For this purpose, we used the social network analysis technique. We argue that the capacity for social participation in these hearings can increase the influence of specific groups on political decisions. The results of the study show the predominant participation of trade associations and companies linked to the energy and biofuels sector. RenovaBio reaffirms the argument in favor of decarbonization, energy security, and the contribution of biofuels to reducing GHG, as motivating and legitimizing factors for their establishment.

Para viabilizar a transição do sistema de energia onde predomina o uso e consumo de energias fósseis para um sistema de baixo carbono, é importante destacar o papel da governança multinível. Nesse interim, a descentralização do planejamento energético (PE) é indispensável para a formulação de políticas públicas coerentes e integradas, necessárias ao enfrentamento de mudanças climáticas. O presente trabalho analisa a governança multinível do arcabouço de políticas energéticas no Brasil, apontando suas limitações e possibilidades para alavancar a atuação no nível subnacional em PE, focando a região da Macrometrópole Paulista. Embora tenham sido identificados vários elementos capazes de alavancar o desenvolvimento do PE nos vários níveis da federação, nota-se uma falta de integração na governança entre as leis e políticas de mudança climática e energia

The COVID-19 pandemic posed challenges for healthcare systems and political leaders across the globe. In this case study of Brazil, we argue that leadership failings at the highest level contributed to Brazil's relatively high and escalating death rates during 2020. Drawing on an analysis of a large amount of textual documentation drawn from media reports, we emphasise the role and consequences of President Jair Bolsonaro's political discourse and prioritisation of the economy. We focus on the first wave that swept across the globe between January and late June of 2020, arguing that Bolsonaro underplayed the seriousness of the epidemic, leveraged misinformation as a political strategy, promoted pseudoscience, and undermined the Ministry of Health. He also confronted subnational governments for adopting lockdown measures–a move that enabled him to blame regional governors for the short-term economic costs of COVID-19 related restrictions. We suggest that his denialist approach to climate change paved the way for his subsequent denialism of the seriousness of COVID-19 and for his undermining of social distancing, mask-wearing and other preventative responses supported by science. These sobering findings highlight the role that national leaders can play in undermining scientific approaches to both public health and the environment.

Chapter 1. WEF nexus in cities: Opportunities for innovations to achieve sustainable development goals in the face of climate change -- Chapter 2. The importance of Water-Energy and Food Nexus in the promotion of Sustainable Cities in the perspective of the Sustainable Development Goals -- Chapter 3. What Can Cities Do to Enhance Water-Energy-Food Nexus as a Sustainable Development Strategy? -- Chapter 4. Water–Energy–Food nexus under climate change: analyzing different regional socio-ecological contexts in Brazil -- Chapter 5. How can the Water - Energy - Food Nexus approach contribute to enhancing the resilience of Amazonian cities to climate change? -- Chapter 6. The water-energy-food nexus and the micro-politics of everyday: a view from institutional bricolage -- Chapter 7. WEF Nexus Innovations: the institutional agenda for sustainability -- Chapter 8. Innovations towards 'the nexus' in the science-politics-society interface: What transformations do we really seek? -- Chapter 9. The Water-Energy-Food Nexus in Latin America and the Caribbean: Priority Interconnections -- Chapter 10. Methods for evaluating Food-Energy-Water Nexus: Data Envelopment Analysis and Network Equilibrium Model approaches -- Chapter 11. Learning about the nexus from vulnerable urban communities -- Chapter 12. Urban gardens and composting: effective governance for strengthening urban resilience and community waste management -- Chapter 13. WEF Nexus and Sustainable Investments in West Africa: The Case of Nigeria -- Chapter 14. The Food-Water-Renewable Energy Nexus Resource-Security examples for Asian-Pacific cities -- Chapter 15. Urban Living Labs and the water-energy-food nexus: experiences from the GLOCULL Project in São Paulo, Brazil. -- Chapter 16. The challenges of the food, water, and energy nexus and potential interlinkages with instruments to tackle climate change: cases of Brazilian cities -- Chapter 17. Food waste redistribution and implications for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals: the case of a food bank in Sao Paulo Municipality, Brazil.

This book aims to contribute to the transdisciplinary study of the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus in cities and to help policy makers adopt a more integrated approach to natural resources management in urban environments to face the challenges and threats of climate change. This approach is based on a multidimensional scientific framework that seeks to understand the complex and non-linear interrelationships and interdependencies between water-energy-food under climate change and to generate solutions to reduce trade-offs among development goals and generate co-benefits that help encourage sustainable development and contribute to the achievement of SDGs, mainly SDG 11 (make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable) and SDG 13 (take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts). Governing the WEF nexus in cities is one of the greatest resource challenges of our time, as cities consume large amounts of WEF, but one that can also generate relevant alternatives with which to tackle climate change. To help fostering these alternatives, this book analyzes the governance, institutional and political economy factors that determine the effectiveness of the nexus approach and reviews the potential, the benefits and the policy implications of the adoption of the WEF nexus approach at the urban level. Through a series of hands-on cases, chapters in this book present the opportunities of the WEF nexus approach to achieve innovation and transformative change and discuss concrete areas of synergy and policy initiative to raise urban resilience. Water-Energy-Food Nexus and Climate Change in Cities will serve both as a guide for policy makers as well as a useful resource for students and researchers in fields such as urban studies, public health, environmental sciences, energy studies and public policy interested in learning how cities can represent possibilities to navigate and manage sustainability from local to global.

This book aims to contribute to the transdisciplinary study of the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus in cities and to help policy makers adopt a more integrated approach to natural resources management in urban environments to face the challenges and threats of climate change. This approach is based on a multidimensional scientific framework that seeks to understand the complex and non-linear interrelationships and interdependencies between water-energy-food under climate change and to generate solutions to reduce trade-offs among development goals and generate co-benefits that help encourage sustainable development and contribute to the achievement of SDGs, mainly SDG 11 (make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable) and SDG 13 (take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts). Governing the WEF nexus in cities is one of the greatest resource challenges of our time, as cities consume large amounts of WEF, but one that can also generate relevant alternatives with which to tackle climate change. To help fostering these alternatives, this book analyzes the governance, institutional and political economy factors that determine the effectiveness of the nexus approach and reviews the potential, the benefits and the policy implications of the adoption of the WEF nexus approach at the urban level. Through a series of hands-on cases, chapters in this book present the opportunities of the WEF nexus approach to achieve innovation and transformative change and discuss concrete areas of synergy and policy initiative to raise urban resilience. Water-Energy-Food Nexus and Climate Change in Cities will serve both as a guide for policy makers as well as a useful resource for students and researchers in fields such as urban studies, public health, environmental sciences, energy studies and public policy interested in learning how cities can represent possibilities to navigate and manage sustainability from local to global.