Suchergebnisse

International audience ; The French territories recompositions and legislative context evolution have generated over time a recomposition of the historic figures of land planning, territorial foresight and other territorial projects. A rapprochement took place between these figures by the hybridisation of practices, the interweaving of spatial scales and the recovery of the topics covered. This convergence complicates their definition and makes the usual distinction between these different figures unoperational today. It is in this context that we propose to use the notion of "territorial anticipation" to qualify these various approaches. We also propose a new typology to try to better distinguish the different categories of approaches that are led today. ; Les recompositions territoriales et l'évolution du contexte législatif français ont généré une recomposition dans le temps des figures historiques de la planification territoriale, de la prospective territoriale et autres projets de territoire. Un rapprochement s'est opéré entre ces figures par l'hybridation des pratiques, l'imbrication renforcée des échelles spatiales et le recouvrement des sujets traités. Ce rapprochement complexifie leur définition et rend aujourd'hui peu opérationnelle la distinction usuelle entre ces différentes figures. C'est dans ce contexte qu'est proposé le recours à la notion d' « anticipation territoriale » pour qualifier ces différentes démarches. Nous proposons également une nouvelle typologie pour tenter de mieux distinguer les différentes catégories de démarches conduites aujourd'hui.

International audience ; The French territories recompositions and legislative context evolution have generated over time a recomposition of the historic figures of land planning, territorial foresight and other territorial projects. A rapprochement took place between these figures by the hybridisation of practices, the interweaving of spatial scales and the recovery of the topics covered. This convergence complicates their definition and makes the usual distinction between these different figures unoperational today. It is in this context that we propose to use the notion of "territorial anticipation" to qualify these various approaches. We also propose a new typology to try to better distinguish the different categories of approaches that are led today. ; Les recompositions territoriales et l'évolution du contexte législatif français ont généré une recomposition dans le temps des figures historiques de la planification territoriale, de la prospective territoriale et autres projets de territoire. Un rapprochement s'est opéré entre ces figures par l'hybridation des pratiques, l'imbrication renforcée des échelles spatiales et le recouvrement des sujets traités. Ce rapprochement complexifie leur définition et rend aujourd'hui peu opérationnelle la distinction usuelle entre ces différentes figures. C'est dans ce contexte qu'est proposé le recours à la notion d' « anticipation territoriale » pour qualifier ces différentes démarches. Nous proposons également une nouvelle typologie pour tenter de mieux distinguer les différentes catégories de démarches conduites aujourd'hui.

International audience ; The French territories recompositions and legislative context evolution have generated over time a recomposition of the historic figures of land planning, territorial foresight and other territorial projects. A rapprochement took place between these figures by the hybridisation of practices, the interweaving of spatial scales and the recovery of the topics covered. This convergence complicates their definition and makes the usual distinction between these different figures unoperational today. It is in this context that we propose to use the notion of "territorial anticipation" to qualify these various approaches. We also propose a new typology to try to better distinguish the different categories of approaches that are led today. ; Les recompositions territoriales et l'évolution du contexte législatif français ont généré une recomposition dans le temps des figures historiques de la planification territoriale, de la prospective territoriale et autres projets de territoire. Un rapprochement s'est opéré entre ces figures par l'hybridation des pratiques, l'imbrication renforcée des échelles spatiales et le recouvrement des sujets traités. Ce rapprochement complexifie leur définition et rend aujourd'hui peu opérationnelle la distinction usuelle entre ces différentes figures. C'est dans ce contexte qu'est proposé le recours à la notion d' « anticipation territoriale » pour qualifier ces différentes démarches. Nous proposons également une nouvelle typologie pour tenter de mieux distinguer les différentes catégories de démarches conduites aujourd'hui.

This work analyzes in a comprehensive perspective the heritage making of the Brittanygreat sites, namely the point of Raz, the cape of Fréhel and the wild coast of Quiberon. These coastal headlands, objects invented in 19th century, became over time supports of literary and pictorial works, of introspection and fascination exercised by the power of the marine elements. Since the 1950s, aincrease of tourist attendances has led to the degradation of their ecosystems, that the administration of the Environment considered that's a threat for their integrity. Thirty years ago, this administration introduced a policy of rehabilitation the main realization of which was the conduct of « Opérations Grands Sites ». How are these projects of rehabilitation led and according to which doctrines? How dothey take into account the various uses and the values attributed to these heritages? This thesis analyzes the land planning, dis-planning and re-planning of these sites, the rise of the ecological doctrine and stakeholders' interactions and questions their incidence about the heritage and the modalities of its appropriation, that we call the process of heritage making. The first part redraws the heritage making of the big symbolic natural sites of France, their invention (chapter 1), the public policies creation with the purpose of their protection (chapter 2 and3), and a more precisely a focus on our study fields (chapter 4). The second part shows the evolutionsof the doctrinal, organizational and normative dimension of the public action, favoring the environmental protection and the tourist development. It shows the renewal of the principles of publicaction (chapter 5) and the transformations of the spaces, which it led from stakeholders' interactions in presence (chapter 6 and 7). Finally, the third part approaches the effects of these rehabilitations on contemporary heritage and process of heritage making (chapter 8 and 9) and proposes a reflection on the normative dimension of the operations of rehabilitation. We make the ...

This work analyzes in a comprehensive perspective the heritage making of the Brittanygreat sites, namely the point of Raz, the cape of Fréhel and the wild coast of Quiberon. These coastal headlands, objects invented in 19th century, became over time supports of literary and pictorial works, of introspection and fascination exercised by the power of the marine elements. Since the 1950s, aincrease of tourist attendances has led to the degradation of their ecosystems, that the administration of the Environment considered that's a threat for their integrity. Thirty years ago, this administration introduced a policy of rehabilitation the main realization of which was the conduct of « Opérations Grands Sites ». How are these projects of rehabilitation led and according to which doctrines? How dothey take into account the various uses and the values attributed to these heritages? This thesis analyzes the land planning, dis-planning and re-planning of these sites, the rise of the ecological doctrine and stakeholders' interactions and questions their incidence about the heritage and the modalities of its appropriation, that we call the process of heritage making. The first part redraws the heritage making of the big symbolic natural sites of France, their invention (chapter 1), the public policies creation with the purpose of their protection (chapter 2 and3), and a more precisely a focus on our study fields (chapter 4). The second part shows the evolutionsof the doctrinal, organizational and normative dimension of the public action, favoring the environmental protection and the tourist development. It shows the renewal of the principles of publicaction (chapter 5) and the transformations of the spaces, which it led from stakeholders' interactions in presence (chapter 6 and 7). Finally, the third part approaches the effects of these rehabilitations on contemporary heritage and process of heritage making (chapter 8 and 9) and proposes a reflection on the normative dimension of the operations of rehabilitation. We make the ...

Ce rapport présente deux algorithmes calculant une structure de contrôle dont l'exécution énumère les vecteurs entiers d'un polyèdre paramétré dans un certain contexte. Les algorithmes reprennent la méthode des projections successives, basée sur l'élimination par paires de Fourier-Motzkin, définie par Ancourt et Irigoin dans le cas non paramétré. La politique de suppression des contraintes redondantes générées par l'élimination par paires est revue afin de réduire le temps de synthèse des parcours pour des polyèdres de complexité géométrique supérieure et améliorer le temps d'exécution des parcours produits. Les algorithmes présentés servent de base à la génération de code dans le prototype de compilateur Pandore développé à l'IRISA ; une comparaison entre ces algorithmes et celui défini par Ancourt et Irigoin est donnée sur la classe des polyèdres manipulés par le compilateur Pandore.