Suchergebnisse

I: The formation of Russia's grand strategy, 1650-1743 -- 1. The geopolitical background -- The western theater -- The southern theater -- The eastern theater -- 2. Mobile armies -- Strategic penetration -- Concentrated deployment -- The economic foundation -- 3. Client states and societies -- Client states: the western theater -- Client societies: the western and southern theaters -- Client societies: the eastern theater -- II: Hegemonic expansionism, 1743-1796 -- 4. Deep strikes -- Sweden, France, and Prussia -- The Russo-Turkish wars -- Marking time -- 5. Peripheral deployment -- After the seven years' war: 1763 -- The emerging force structure: 1765-1796 -- The fragmentation of the strategic force: 1796-1801 -- 6. Economy, culture, client societies -- The economy -- The ideology of Russia's grand strategy -- Client states and societies -- III: The territorialization of the empire, 1797-1831 -- 7. Strategic penetration -- Italy, Holland Sweden, and Turkey, 1799-1812 -- The war with France, 1812-1815 -- Persia, Turkey, and Poland, 1815-1831 -- 8. Dispersion of the strategic force -- Growth of the army and deployment, 1801-1812 -- War and peace, 1812-1831 -- Peripheral deployment -- 9. Fortress empire -- The economy -- Client states and societies, old and new -- Army, police, ideology

Intro -- Contents -- Part I: SOCIETY -- Chapter 1 THE STRUCTURE OF RUSSIAN SOCIETY -- The Nobility as Ruling Class -- Ruling Class and Society -- Russian Society as Command Structure -- Chapter 2 SOCIAL GROUPS -- Nobility -- Townsmen -- Peasantry -- Chapter 3 POLITICAL APPARATUS AND BUREAUCRACY -- The Officer Corps -- The Civilian Apparatus -- The Secretarial and Clerical Staffs -- Part II: INSTITUTIONS -- Chapter 4 THE FOUNDATIONS: 1689-1725 -- On the Road to Poltava -- The Experiment with Regionalism -- The Restoration of Central Government -- Chapter 5 THE RULE OF THE EMPRESSES: 1725-1796 -- Families and Councils -- Senate, Procurator General, and Colleges -- Local Government -- Chapter 6 CONSOLIDATING THE FOUNDATIONS: 1796-1825 -- The Military Establishment -- The Civilian Government -- Local Government -- Part III: POLICE -- Chapter 7 POLICE ORGANIZATION -- Central Agencies -- Local Agencies -- Police Forces -- Chapter 8 CONCEPT AND SCOPE OF POLICE ADMINISTRATION -- General Principles -- Police as Municipal Administration -- Police as General Administration -- Chapter 9 THE POLITICAL POLICE -- Policing the Ruling Elite -- Policing the Rest of Society -- Policing the Printed Word -- Part IV: JUSTICE -- Chapter 10 COURTS AND PROCEDURES -- Central Courts -- Local Courts -- Judicial Procedure -- Chapter 11 CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS -- Attitudes and Sources -- Crimes -- Punishments -- Chapter 12 CIVIL LAW -- Property -- Inheritance -- Government Contracts -- Part V: FINANCE -- Chapter 13 FINANCIAL AGENCIES -- Management and Auditing -- Treasury, Mint, and Banks -- Local Agencies -- Chapter 14 TAXATION -- Direct Taxation -- Indirect Taxation -- Taxation in Kind -- Chapter 15 BUDGET MAKING -- The Budget in Figures -- Budget Procedure: Drawing Up the Budget -- Budget Procedure: Executing the Budget -- Chapter 16 CONCLUSION -- Notes -- Bibliography.

This is the first comprehensive examination of the Russian ruling elite and its political institutions during an important period of state building, from the emergence of Russia on the stage of world politics around 1700 to the consolidation of its position after the victory over Napoleon. Instead of focusing on the great rulers of the period--Peter, Catherine, and Alexander--the work examines the nobility which alone could make their power effective. LeDonne not only gives a full chronological account of the development of bureaucratic, military, economic, and political institutions in Russia.