Suchergebnisse

The aim of the research is to assess development of entrepreneurship infrastructure of various countries according to opinions of experts from these countries. The elements were: knowledge and technology transfer infrastructure; commercial and professional infrastructure; production and information infrastructure; market infrastructure; institutions providing easy access to existing markets; social and cultural infrastructure. The research is based on methods of economic analysis, analogies, generalizations, classification, system, and structural approaches. Information from the Global entrepreneurship monitoring project report for 54 countries was used as input data. The estimation of the distribution of indicator values on the effectiveness of the six main infrastructure elements of business development reflecting the opinions of experts from these countries with the use of mathematic models of normal distribution. During the study we determined the average indicator values characterizing experts ' opinions on the effectiveness of each of the six key infrastructure elements of business development on a scale of ten; the intervals of their changes characteristic for the majority of countries were also considered. New knowledge about the effectiveness of infrastructure elements of business development in various countries has been obtained.

El objetivo del estudio es evaluar los indicadores que describen la proporción de emprendedores tempranos que pertenecen a la tercera edad en la población total de este grupo de edad. La evaluación se realizó utilizando modelos matemáticos que representan las funciones de densidad de la distribución normal. Los resultados de las encuestas realizadas en el proceso de monitoreo del emprendimiento global se utilizaron como datos iniciales. El estudio permitió determinar países que se caracterizan por valores altos y bajos de indicadores. El enfoque metodológico y las herramientas para evaluar la actividad empresarial temprana propuesta en el artículo se pueden utilizar en la investigación sobre emprendimiento en la tercera edad.

The aim of the research was to assess the specific levels of fixed capital investment per capita in all regions of Russia. The research was based on official 2019 statistics on the volume of fixed capital investments in 82 regions of Russia, as well as data on the population. In the research, the analysis of clusters associated with the unification of the objects studied in relatively homogeneous groups based on the study of the values of the compared indicators was applied. The normal distribution function was used in modelling to estimate the distribution of specific values for most regions. The following results and conclusions were obtained: it has been shown that the formation of five groups is optimal. In addition, it was shown that in 2019 nine regions were characterized by an extremely high level of investment due to the tasks of their strategic development to meet federal challenges. They also identified regions with relatively low values of specific investments in fixed assets. Everything indicates that specific investment values have a significant differentiation in several regions of Russia.