Suchergebnisse

3 sets of facts are given: 1st, the end of the European colonial empires gave rise to new states that tried to reconstruct nat'l societies or to modernize themselves through soc planning. 2nd, in the developed countries planning spreads beyond the area of econ's & tackles the determination & choice of nat'l goals. 3rd, the soc sci's have a share in both these trends. The actual & possible contribution of the soc sci's to the formulation & choice of nat'l goals is examined along with modern planning methods & developments & the role of soc sci in planning & contributions it has made. The relations of soc sci'ts with public authorities & the soc sci'st's multiple roles & ethical problems are examined, along with ambiguities that arise from these roles. The intake & output of the soc sci's is discussed & a question is raised as to the desired degree of abstractness or concreteness in soc sci res. It is decided that soc sci'ts should make recommendations, & on the basis of the foregoing examination, the following recommendations are submitted: (A) The soc sci'st's roles as citizen & as professional are not antithetical but complementary, & this should always be clear. (B) The relations between soc sci'ts & the public & private sponsors of res should be improved & could be by applying several rules: (I) recommendations should be published a yr after they are communicated to the interested parties; (ii) the technique of the British 'Green Papers' Is worth following; (iii) in published res, the recommendations that result from the soc sci study should be clearly distinguished from measures adopted later by the org studied. (C) Professional soc sci org's should, if possible, meet before important pol'al events to make public statements on questions within their sphere of competence. (D) Internat'l cooperation, meetings & exchange of experience should be encouraged, but, at the same time, should not act as a levelling mechanism, eliminating cultural diff's. A. Peskin.