Suchergebnisse

Resumen.A pesar de la implantación y mejora de la negociación colectiva, el salario mínimo y las prestaciones sociales vinculadas al empleo, la baja remuneración es cada vez más frecuente en la República de Corea, en contradicción con las conclusiones de numerosos estudios, incluido el Informe mundial sobre salarios 2010/2011 de la OIT. Los autores examinan esta paradoja coreana y concluyen que, si bien se adoptaron las políticas adecuadas, su eficacia se vio limitada por una cobertura escasa y un nivel de prestaciones insuficiente. Ello representa un fallo del mercado de trabajo y un fracaso de las propias políticas.

Résumé.Malgré l'institution et le développement de la négociation collective, du salaire minimum ou de prestations liées à l'emploi, les faibles rémunérations sont de plus en plus fréquentes en République de Corée. Cela contredit les prévisions de nombre de publications, dont le Rapport mondial sur les salaires 2010/11 du BIT. Les auteurs se penchent sur ce paradoxe et concluent que, si l'éventail des mesures était approprié, c'est leur efficacité qui est en cause, du fait d'une couverture limitée et des niveaux de prestations insuffisants. Aux défaillances du marché du travail s'est ainsi ajoutée une défaillance des politiques.

Abstract:Despite the introduction and expansion of collective bargaining, minimum wages and unemployment and in‐work benefits, low pay is increasingly common in the Republic of Korea. This is at odds with much of the literature – including the ILO's Global Wage Report 2010/11 – which suggests that protective policies will curb low pay. Focusing on the Republic of Korea, the authors examine this intriguing paradox and conclude that while the appropriate policy "menu" was implemented, its effectiveness was limited by incomplete coverage and insufficient benefit levels. They suggest this disappointing situation represents not only a labour market failure, but also a policy failure.

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate gender gaps in opportunity-driven entrepreneurship and illuminate the underlying mechanism of why women are less likely to create ventures in order to take advantage of the opportunity than men.Design/methodology/approachBy drawing on human/social capital theory and expanding extant gender-related entrepreneurship literature, this study addresses how human and social capital mediates the relationship between gender and opportunity-driven entrepreneurship. A sample of 115,367 individuals across 62 countries drawn from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor of 2016 was examined using multilevel logistic regression and Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) mediation analysis.FindingsFindings of this study demonstrate that women's lack of entrepreneurial relevant knowledge and skills, intrapreneurship experience as well as social networks with other entrepreneurs contribute to women's less likelihood of engaging in opportunity-driven entrepreneurship than their male counterparts.Originality/valueCompared to previous research mainly investigating macro-level determinants, this study further explores the explanatory factors affecting gender gaps in opportunity-driven entrepreneurship from the individual level. The findings provide an implication for public policy and give a direction to rethinking how to promote opportunity-driven entrepreneurship, especially for that led by women.

AbstractPrevious published studies have estimated the long‐run cointegrating relationship to infer the price elasticity of imports, but a stable long‐run cointegrating relationship might not be detected in the data, especially in the case of sectoral data. This paper develops a method to estimate the price elasticity of imports based on a vector autoregression model, which can be applied when a stable long‐run cointegration relationship does not exist. The methods developed in past studies and our method are applied to Korean sectoral imports data to illustrate the usefulness of our method.