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At the core of feminism is the issue of representation. Historically, feminism has always been a struggle for the proper representation of women. Postmodernism questions this agenda by questioning the very identity of womanhood itself. I argue that to see the challenge postmodernism poses to feminism in terms of its political objective is in fact misguided. The source of the confusion likely lies in the philosophical ground that feminism & postmodernism seemingly share: their respective critiques of the Enlightenment. However, feminism is critical of the Enlightenment to the extent that it has failed to live up to its own principles & values. Unlike postmodernism, feminism as such is not necessarily an anti-Enlightenment project. Against this argument, the works of Jana Sawicki & Bonnie Honig are analyzed for the purpose of ascertaining the nature of postmodernist feminism. Sawicki draws the connection between feminism & postmodernism by way of Michel Foucault, while Honig turns to Hannah Arendt. Since neither Foucault nor Arendt is particularly committed to feminism, one needs to question why Sawicki and Honig find Foucault & Arendt useful. It turns out that in the hands of Sawicki & Honig, postmodernist feminism is fundamentally a rejection of liberal representational politics by way of a non-Marxist route. But the need for such an exit appears to be postmodernist rather than feminist. 55 References. Adapted from the source document.

This article is a study of the concept of local self-government (difang zizht) in the context of reform efforts from 1898 to 1911. Of the institutional changes proposed, local self-government rapidly gained much support among China's educated elites. The author explores the reasons behind much enthusiasm for self-government institutions by analyzing the works of two key reformists, Kang Youwei (1858–1927) and Liang Qichao (1873–1929). While the reformist approach to local government indicated the continuing influence of thefengjian(feudal) tradition on the one hand, and the reformist notion of citizenship was suggestive of the Neo-Confucian conception of self-cultivation on the other, the article argues that the reformist thought on local self-government represents an important step in moving China beyond an imperial political order.