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Despite growing concerns about the co-morbidity of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and bipolar disorder, few studies have been conducted on this topic in Asian populations This study examined Korean patients with bipolar disorder to assess its co-morbidity with MetS and to compare the prevalence of MetS in patients with medication for bipolar disorder with that of healthy patients We used cross-sectional data from the medical records of patients with bipolar disorder who presented to the psychiatric clinic in Seoul National University Hospital between June 2007 and June 2008. The control group, matched for age and gender, was randomly drawn from visitors to the Health Promotion Center at the same hospital during the same period We compared the prevalence of MetS between these two groups with independent sample t-tests and chi-squared tests We also calculated the indirectly standardized prevalence ratio (ISPR) with a standardization that used the Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES. 2007) The prevalence of MetS in patients who took medication for bipolar disorder (N = 152) was 270%. 25.0% and 25 7%, based on the definitions of the American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute`s adaptation of the Adult Treatment Panel III (AHA), the National Cholesterol Education Program for Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), respectively The present study determined that the prevalence of MetS was significantly higher in patients with bipolar disorder than in the control group, the odds ratios (OR) (95%CI) were 2.44 (1 35-4 40), 248 (1.34-459) and 257 (1.40-4.74), based on the definition of the ANA. ATPIII and IDF, respectively.The ISPR (95%CI) was 1.48(1 02-1 93), 1.54(1 05-2 03) and 1 98 (1 36-2 60). respectively Patients with medications for bipolar disorder showed a significantly higher prevalence of increased waist circumference, elevated triglycerides. and reduced HDL-cholesterol than the control group. The prevalence of MetS in patients taking medication for bipolar disorder was higher than that in the general population Obesity and dyslipidemia were particularly prevalent in patients with bipolar disorder (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved ; This study was supported by National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (2009-0077030). ; Meyer JM, 2009, J CLIN PSYCHIAT, V70, P318 ; De Hert M, 2009, WORLD PSYCHIATRY, V8, P15 ; CHANG HH, 2009, J AFFECT DISORD ; Correll CU, 2008, J CLIN PSYCHIAT, V69, P1948 ; Correll CU, 2008, BIPOLAR DISORD, V10, P788, DOI 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2008.00625.x ; Daumit GL, 2008, SCHIZOPHR RES, V105, P175, DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2008.07.006 ; Ader M, 2008, J PSYCHIATR RES, V42, P1076, DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.01.004 ; van Winkel R, 2008, J CLIN PSYCHIAT, V69, P1319 ; Fiedorowicz JG, 2008, ANN CLIN PSYCHIATRY, V20, P131, DOI 10.1080/10401230802177722 ; Sicras A, 2008, BIPOLAR DISORD, V10, P607 ; Salvi V, 2008, GEN HOSP PSYCHIAT, V30, P318, DOI 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2008.04.009 ; Fagiolini A, 2008, J CLIN PSYCHIAT, V69, P678 ; van Winkel R, 2008, BIPOLAR DISORD, V10, P342 ; Sicras-Mainar A, 2008, EUR PSYCHIAT, V23, P100, DOI 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.07.005 ; Park HS, 2008, OBES REV, V9, P104, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2007.00421.x ; Garcia-Portilla MP, 2008, J AFFECT DISORDERS, V106, P197, DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2007.06.002 ; Cardenas J, 2008, J AFFECT DISORDERS, V106, P91, DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2007.05.030 ; Fagiolini A, 2008, CNS DRUGS, V22, P655 ; FAUCI AS, 2008, HARRISONS PRINCIPLES ; Kim B, 2008, J AFFECT DISORDERS, V105, P45, DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2007.04.006 ; Narisawa S, 2008, J EPIDEMIOL, V18, P37, DOI 10.2188/jea.18.37 ; McIntyre RS, 2007, CURR OPIN PSYCHIATR, V20, P406 ; Birkenaes AB, 2007, J CLIN PSYCHIAT, V68, P917 ; Yumru M, 2007, J AFFECT DISORDERS, V98, P247, DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2006.08.009 ; Guo JJ, 2006, J CLIN PSYCHIAT, V67, P1055 ; Alberti KGMM, 2006, DIABETIC MED, V23, P469 ; Correll CU, 2006, J CLIN PSYCHIAT, V67, P575 ; De Hert MA, 2006, SCHIZOPHR RES, V83, P87, DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2005.12.855 ; McEvoy JP, 2005, SCHIZOPHR RES, V80, P19, DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2005.07.014 ; Grundy SM, 2005, CIRCULATION, V112, P2735, DOI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404 ; Fagiolini A, 2005, BIPOLAR DISORD, V7, P424 ; Lieberman JA, 2005, NEW ENGL J MED, V353, P1209 ; Lim S, 2005, DIABETES CARE, V28, P1810 ; COHN T, 2004, CAN J PSYCHIAT, V49, P753 ; 2002, CIRCULATION, V106, P3143 ; JIN H, 2002, ANN CLIN PSYCHIAT, V14, P59 ; Koller E, 2001, AM J MED, V111, P716 ; Wetterling T, 2001, DRUG SAFETY, V24, P59 ; Henderson DC, 2000, AM J PSYCHIAT, V157, P975, DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.6.975 ; 4