Suchergebnisse

The recent backlash of the peacebuilding operation in Bosnia-Herzegovina has been explained by the local elites' political immaturity, communist background and electoral strategies. This article argues that it can be explained by the erosion of the informal agreement between local parties and interveners. In return for the local elites' cooperation, the external authorities used to contain radical factions, and had installed a "benevolent autocracy" that spared the elected officials from assuming the political costs of taking decisions. The international wavering on the exit strategy put an end to this understanding which led to the reorganisation of local political strategies. Adapted from the source document.

After more than two decades of efforts toward peace consolidation, the initial enthusiasm has given way to a more critical (or more "realistic") vision of a liberal program of war-ending efforts. This bibliographic study points out current advances of research on this topic, highlighting a specific perspective: the influence of local actors on the implementation of the liberal program. It draws on a corpus of recent studies that explore the model of peace establishment over the long term through the practice of state-building. The bibliography is organized around the idea of local adaptation of international measures, as well as the idea of "local capture" of the elements of the liberal program. S. Stanton

This text aims to assess the ability of four theoretical frameworks, derived from the International Relations field, of explaining the role the international environment can play in the political evolution of semi-authoritarian regimes. The so-called Color Revolutions, which occurred in Georgia, Ukraine, & Kyrgyzstan between 2003 & 2005 are used as a case study. Each of these theoretical frameworks focuses on a different transmission mechanism: first on the strategic ideological influence of external actors on the national scene, second on the diffusion of norms & ideas between national & transnational civic societies, third on the transfer of norms from Western democracies to semi-autocratic regimes, & eventually on the strategic interaction between actors at the national & international levels. Adapted from the source document.

This article analyzes how Russian Federal policies evolved between 1999 and 2005 to justify the policy of "Chechenization" and the legitimization of an autocratic-style regime in Chechnya. It argues that this strategy was progressively elaborated during the conflict as a result of institutional competition between three main Federal agencies (the Presidential Administration, the secret services (FSB)), and the military over the framing of the conflict. This process paved the way for the formation of the "totalizing frame" under the leadership of the Kremlin, which incorporated various discursive constructions into one coherent and exclusive interpretation of the conflict. Adapted from the source document.