Suchergebnisse

UNICEF is supporting governments in Eastern and Central Europe and Central Asia to develop national child protection systems that effectively prevent and respond to violence, family separation and detention, including among most vulnerable groups. In particular, UNICEF supports child care reforms aiming at enforcing the right of children to live in a family environment. Ten years of complex reforms in the social sector were not translated into results for children as the rate of children placed in formal care has not declined during the last decade. In order to share a joint vision that every child must grow up in a nurturing family environment, UNICEF and the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights launched at the European Parliament in July 2011a call to action to give priority to end the placement of children under three in institutions and prevent the separation of children from their families. At the end of 2012, 20 governments made commitments to adopt national operational plans for preventing the placement of children below three years in formal care. One year later, results can start to be identified and measured. Due primarily to the prompt and effective efforts of the governments of Bulgaria, Croatia, Kazakhstan, Serbia and Turkey, it is estimated that the number of children below three years in institutional care decreased by 10 per cent in Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia by the end of 2013. This was achieved through diversified approaches described here.

La Zambesia, province importante du Mozambique tant au plan politique qu'economique, a represente un enjeu primordiale dans la guerre qui a oppose le gouvernement du Frelimo aux rebelles de la Renamo. L'auteur se propose de retracer les grandes etapes de cette guerre: les premiers assauts entre 1982 et 1985, la grande offensive qui a suivi de 1986 a 1988. Cela, tout en ebauchant la dynamique liee autant a des facteurs internes et externes politiques, militaires et economiques. Il degage ensuite les logiques d'une violence sous-jacente, apparemment incomprehensible, apparaissant a partir de 1986 ainsi que la reaction religieuse traditionnelle a celle-ci representee par Naprama qui a eu la vision d'un vaccin qui immuniserait contre les balles. Les populations rurales adherent en masse a cette croyance. L'auteur tire de son expose quelques hypotheses encore a verifier sur la survie du mouvement messianique et celle de la Renamo. Cette guerre fatalement prendra fin sans pour autant avoir regle le probleme de la relation du monde rural a l'Etat du Mozambique. (DÜI-Mfg)

IntroductionIn a human rights based approach, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe has recently released a resolution about migrants and refugees and the fight against HIV [1]. It states that "an HIV positive migrant should never be expelled when it is clear that he will not receive adequate health care and assistance in the country to which he is being sent back. To do otherwise would amount to a death sentence for that person." Nevertheless, in Belgium, for the last 2 years, none of the HIV‐infected migrants in care in the AIDS Reference Centers (ARC) received the right to stay in Belgium for medical reasons.MethodsWe identified all HIV‐infected asylum seekers in care between 1 July 2012 and 1 July 2014 in the ARC of Charleroi, Belgium, and we analyzed their medical and social files.ResultsAmong the 302 patients in active follow up in our ARC, 45 HIV positive asylum seekers were in care during the last 2 years. Male/female ratio was 0/96. Mean age was 35 years. Countries of origin and reasons for migration are detailed in the Table 1. 18% (8/45) knew their seropositivity before arriving in Europe. All the patients introduced an asylum request, 29 (64%) have received a negative answer and an order to leave the territory, 4 (9%) were regularized for non‐medical reasons (see Table 1), 4 (9%) are waiting for an answer and for 8 (18%) outcome is unknown due to lost follow up (LFU). 31 (69%) patients have also introduced a request to stay for medical reasons: 18 (58%) have received a refusal, 7 (23%) are still waiting for an answer, and 6 (19%) are LFU. Only 23 (51%) patients are still in care in our ARC on 1 July 2014 (see Table 1). The immigration office bases its decisions on availability of the treatment in the country even if accessible only to a limited number of patients.ConclusionsDecisions taken by the Belgian authorities for the last two years concerning HIV‐infected asylum seekers do not guarantee the continuity of care of those patients and push them towards illegality. Such decisions ignore the international commitments of Belgium in the fight against HIV [2] and are contradictory with the recommendations of the recent resolution of the Council of Europe [1]. An approach more respectful of Human Rights in the decisions concerning the seropositive asylum seekers patients taken by the authorities is urgently needed in Belgium. We invite our European colleagues to describe the situation of the HIV asylum seekers in their countries.

International audience ; [Since 1979, China has taken a stronger action to ensure that Chinese couples now have only one child. With the aim of bringing population growth back to zero and then making it negative, the Chinese population will be reduced from 1 billion in 1980 to 700 million in 2080. But if The Chinese government's directives are followed to the letter, China would have only 260 million inhabitants by 2080.] ; Depuis 1979, la Chine mène une action accentuée pour que les couples chinois n'aient plus désormais qu'un seul enfant. Cela, dans le but de ramener à zéro l'accroissement démographique, puis de rendre celui-ci négatif, de sorte que la population chinoise soit ramenée d'un milliard en 1980 à 700 millions d'habitants en 2080. Mais, si les directives du gouvernement chinois sont suivies à la lettre, la Chine n'aurait plus que 260 millions d'habitants en 2080.

International audience ; [Since 1979, China has taken a stronger action to ensure that Chinese couples now have only one child. With the aim of bringing population growth back to zero and then making it negative, the Chinese population will be reduced from 1 billion in 1980 to 700 million in 2080. But if The Chinese government's directives are followed to the letter, China would have only 260 million inhabitants by 2080.] ; Depuis 1979, la Chine mène une action accentuée pour que les couples chinois n'aient plus désormais qu'un seul enfant. Cela, dans le but de ramener à zéro l'accroissement démographique, puis de rendre celui-ci négatif, de sorte que la population chinoise soit ramenée d'un milliard en 1980 à 700 millions d'habitants en 2080. Mais, si les directives du gouvernement chinois sont suivies à la lettre, la Chine n'aurait plus que 260 millions d'habitants en 2080.