Suchergebnisse

Many psychiatric researchers believe that the clinical picture of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) shows little variability cross-culturally. This study examined the symptomatology and illness experience of 19 patients suffering from OCD in Bali, Indonesia. Patients were assessed using a semi-structured clinical interview. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) was utilized for gauging symptomatology and severity of symptoms. A sub-sample of patients was interviewed using person-centered ethnographic techniques. Balinese culture strongly shaped symptomatic expression. The most common obsessional themes emphasized patients' obsessional need to know information about their social network, such as the identity and status of passers-by. Somatic obsessions and religious themes around witchcraft and spirits were also prominent. Psychiatric, indigenous and anthropological perspectives are contrasted to highlight the power and limitations of each to explain OCD.

Intro -- Series Editor's Preface -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- Part I Introduction -- 1 Filming Trauma, Gendered Violence, and Stigmatization -- The Films Not Made -- The Origins of a Visual Psychological Anthropology -- Trauma, Gendered Violence, and Stigma Onscreen -- Trauma -- Gendered Violence -- Stigma -- Filming Human Suffering: Questions Raised -- What Visual Psychological Anthropology Can Contribute -- Sensory, Aesthetic, Emotional Representation/Experience -- Longitudinal, Inductive, Person-Centered, Reflexive -- Collaborative -- Multimodal -- Book Outline and Summary -- References -- Part II The Films -- 2 40 Years of Silence: Generational Effects of Political Violence and Childhood Trauma in Indonesia -- Theorizing Trauma and PTSD -- The Historical Context -- G30S, the Mass Killings and Suharto's New Order -- The Era of Reform -- The Film -- Participants' Histories -- Budi and His Family -- Lanny -- Degung -- Kereta -- Participants' Experiences and Responses -- Budi: Internalized Victimization, Eroded Trust, and Desire for Revenge -- Mini, Mudakir, Kris: Endurance Through Ongoing Suffering -- Lanny: Moving Past Anger Through Buddhist Detachment and Pragmatic Action -- Degung: Advocating for Critical Dialogue -- Kereta: Withdrawal from Society -- Conclusion: Diversity of Responses to Fear-Based Experiences -- References -- 3 Bitter Honey: Culture, Polygamy, and Gendered Violence in Bali -- An Ecological Perspective on Gendered Domestic Violence in Bali -- Context: Polygamy and Marriage in Bali -- Courtship, Marriage, and Patrilineal Descent -- Economics, Marriage, and Polygamy -- Marriage Law and Polygamy -- The Film -- Participant Histories -- Tuaji's Family -- Sadra's Family -- Sadra -- Purniasih, Sadra's First Wife -- Murni, Sadra's Second Wife -- Darma's Family -- Darma.

In the past two decades, ethnographic, epidemiological and interdisciplinary research has robustly established that culture is significant in determining the long-term outcomes of people with neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric and mood disorders. Yet these cultural factors are certainly not uniform across discrete individual experiences. Thus, in addition to illustrating meaningful differences for people with neuropsychiatric disorder between different cultures, ethnography should also help detail the variations within a culture. Different subjective experiences or outcomes are not solely due to biographical idiosyncrasies—rather, influential factors arising from the same culture can have different impacts on different people. When taking a holistic and intersectional perspective on lived experience, it is crucial to understand the interaction of these factors for people with neuropsychiatric disorders. This paper teases apart such interactions, utilizing comparative case studies of the disparate subjective experiences and illness trajectories of two Balinese people with Tourette syndrome who exhibit similar symptoms. Based on longitudinal person-centered ethnography integrating clinical, psychological, and visual anthropology, this intersectional approach goes beyond symptom interpretation and treatment modalities to identify gendered embodiment and marital practices as influenced by caste to be significant determinants in subjective experience and long-term outcome.

Re-Visioning Psychiatry explores new theories and models from cultural psychiatry and psychology, philosophy, neuroscience and anthropology that clarify how mental health problems emerge in specific contexts and points toward future integration of these perspectives. Taken together, the contributions point to the need for fundamental shifts in psychiatric theory and practice: • Restoring phenomenology to its rightful place in research and practice • Advancing the social and cultural neuroscience of brain-person-environment systems over time and across social contexts • Understanding how self-awareness, interpersonal interactions, and larger social processes give rise to vicious circles that constitute mental health problems • Locating efforts to help and heal within the local and global social, economic, and political contexts that influence how we frame problems and imagine solutions. In advancing ecosystemic models of mental disorders, contributors challenge reductionistic models and culture-bound perspectives and highlight possibilities for a more transdisciplinary, integrated approach to research, mental health policy, and clinical practice

This book analyzes the individual and collective experience of and response to trauma from a wide range of perspectives including basic neuroscience, clinical science, and cultural anthropology. Each perspective presents critical and creative challenges to the other. The first section reviews the effects of early life stress on the development of neural systems and vulnerability to persistent effects of trauma. The second section of the book reviews a wide range of clinical approaches to the treatment of the effects of trauma. The final section of the book presents cultural analyses of personal, social, and political responses to massive trauma and genocidal events in a variety of societies. This work goes well beyond the neurobiological models of conditioned fear and clinical syndrome of post-traumatic stress disorder to examine how massive traumatic events affect the whole fabric of a society, calling forth collective responses of resilience and moral transformation

Recent neuroscience research makes it clear that human biology is cultural biology - we develop and live our lives in socially constructed worlds that vary widely in their structure values, and institutions. This integrative volume brings together interdisciplinary perspectives from the human, social, and biological sciences to explore culture, mind, and brain interactions and their impact on personal and societal issues. Contributors provide a fresh look at emerging concepts, models, and applications of the co-constitution of culture, mind, and brain. Chapters survey the latest theoretical and methodological insights alongside the challenges in this area, and describe how these new ideas are being applied in the sciences, humanities, arts, mental health, and everyday life. Readers will gain new appreciation of the ways in which our unique biology and cultural diversity shape behavior and experience, and our ongoing adaptation to a constantly changing world.