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Intro -- Foreword -- Contents -- The Ecology of Neighbourhood Resilience: A Multi-disciplinary Perspective -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Neighbourhood as the Spatial Frame for Resilience Building -- 3 Essays on the Ecology of Neighbourhood Resilience -- 3.1 Community Building -- 3.2 Participatory Planning -- 3.3 Community Ageing-in-Place -- 3.4 Designing Resilient Communities -- 4 Planning the Future Urban Neighbourhood -- References -- Fostering Social Cohesion in 21st Century Singapore -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Brief History of the People's Association -- 3 Contemporary Challenges to Cohesion -- 3.1 More Complex Global Environment -- 3.2 Technological Disruption -- 3.3 Changing Texture of Society -- 4 Evolving with the People -- 4.1 Beyond Events-Building Relationships -- 4.2 Beyond "Regulars"-Broadening Outreach -- 4.3 Beyond CCs-Going to the People -- 5 Building Resilience at the Grassroots -- References -- The State of Ethnic Congregation in Singapore Today -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Housing Policy and Racial Harmony -- 3 Taking Stock of EIP and Its Collateral Effects -- 4 Method -- 5 Results -- 6 Discussion -- 6.1 Residential Dynamics: Income Effect Versus Racial Effect -- 7 Future Directions -- References -- Building Social Resilience Through Parks and Common Recreational Spaces -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Role of Urban Greenery on Human Health -- 3 Provision of Parks and Landscapes in Singapore -- 4 Social Values of Parks and People-Plant Interaction -- 5 Health Effects of People-Plant Interaction-Case Study in Singapore -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Urban Mobility and Resilience: Transport Infrastructure Investment and the Demand for Travel -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Transport Supply and Travel Demand: A Literature Review -- 3 Data -- 3.1 Data Sources -- 3.2 Travel Demand Indicators -- 3.3 Transport Supply and Built Environment Variables.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore Singaporeans' view to a multicultural neighbourhood, specifically, their views on the Ethnic Integration Policy (EIP), a housing policy that promotes residential desegregation, and whether this policy has engendered a positive perspective to residential diversity.Design/methodology/approachA grounded theory approach is used to answer the following research questions: how do Singaporeans feel about residential diversity? Does the EIP influence attitudes to residential segregation in Singapore? What do these attitudes mean for governments and policymakers around the world? The research involved focus group discussions with 27 Housing and Development Board real estate agents, in order to tap onto their vast network of clients and better understand the prevailing sentiments on the ground.FindingsThe two major considerations when Singaporeans choose a flat are its price and location. Within the confines of these two factors, however, other considerations like race, nationality and the socio-economic makeup of a neighbourhood will influence their decisions.Social implicationsThese considerations can be condensed into the factors of constrained choice and voluntary segregation. By limiting the impact of voluntary segregation, the EIP can be credited with bridging the racial divide. However, with constrained choice being unaddressed by the policy, the emerging formation of a class divide is an unintended consequence.Originality/valueBecause almost all developed economies are culturally plural, understanding Singapore's approach to residential desegregation offers insights as to how other countries may learn from the Singapore experience in managing and encouraging multiculturalism, especially since ethnic residential concentration can reduce the formation of strong social relationships.

Building an inclusive society / Tharman Shanmugaratnam -- Section 1. Business as usual, no longer? ch. 1. Income growth and redistribution: issues and challenges / Paul Cheung. ch. 2. Singapore's new growth model / Chua Hak Bin and Shawlin Chaw. ch. 3. Macroeconomic trends and labour welfare in Singapore: a focus on retirement adequacy / Hui Weng Tat -- Section 2. Social development and working together: towards a new social compact. ch. 4. Re-making Singapore healthcare / Jeremy Lim and Daniel Lee. ch. 5. Public housing - Appreciating assets? / Phang Sock Yong. ch. 6. Retirement adequacy and housing financing through the CPF system / Chia Ngee Choon -- Section 3. Politics: a new paradigm? ch. 7. Towards a more equal, self-reliant society / Ho Kwon Ping. ch. 8. Information, insulation and the public interest / Cherian George. ch. 9. Model of governance: big government or big people? / Peter Ho -- Background paper. Inequality and the need for a new social compact / Manu Bhaskaran ... [et al.].

Section I. Intercultural relations and social integration. 1. Acculturation and social cohesion : emerging issues for Asian immigrants in New Zealand / Colleen Ward. 2. Migrating talent : subsequent mobility of recent Asian immigrants to and from New Zealand / Elsie Ho. 3. Immigration and integration : the Canadian experience / John W. Berry -- Section II. Cultural competency in the workplace and the social environment. 4. Preparing managers for intercultural leadership : application of an economy-based theoretical framework / Dharm P. S. Bhawuk, Vijayan P. Munusamy and Keith H. Sakuda. 5. Work in cultural translation : workplace encounters in Taiwanese firms with Western migrant employees / Rueyling Tzeng. 6. Sociocultural competence for career success and social integration : the case of Asians in Australia / Anita S. Mak. 7. "Show me the money!" construct and predictive validation of the Intercultural Business Corruptibility Scale (IBCS) / Chan-Hoong Leong and Weirong Lin -- Section III. Sociocultural effectiveness and emotional adaptation. 8. A study in cross-cultural adjustment : the American community in India / Kiveli Kazila Filmeridis. 9. Expectations and real life : cross-cultural adaptation of Chinese students in China and the Netherlands / Jan Pieter van Oudenhoven, Jianhua Long and Wenhua Yan -- Section IV. Understanding Asian migration in Asia. 10. The influence of adult attachment styles on urban residents' attitudes toward acculturation strategies of rural-to-urban migrants in China / Huadong Yang, Lili Tian and Jan Pieter van Oudenhoven.

We examined the concepts and emotions people associate with their national flag, and how these associations are related to nationalism and patriotism across 11 countries. Factor analyses indicated that the structures of associations differed across countries in ways that reflect their idiosyncratic historical developments. Positive emotions and egalitarian concepts were associated with national flags across countries. However, notable differences between countries were found due to historical politics. In societies known for being peaceful and open-minded (e.g., Canada, Scotland), egalitarianism was separable from honor-related concepts and associated with the flag; in countries that were currently involved in struggles for independence (e.g., Scotland) and countries with an imperialist past (the United Kingdom), the flag was strongly associated with power-related concepts; in countries with a negative past (e.g., Germany), the primary association was sports; in countries with disruption due to separatist or extremist movements (e.g., Northern Ireland, Turkey), associations referring to aggression were not fully rejected; in collectivist societies (India, Singapore), obedience was linked to positive associations and strongly associated with the flag. In addition, the more strongly individuals endorsed nationalism and patriotism, the more they associated positive emotions and egalitarian concepts with their flag. Implications of these findings are discussed.

We examined the concepts and emotions people associate with their national flag, and how these associations are related to nationalism and patriotism across 11 countries. Factor analyses indicated that the structures of associations differed across countries in ways that reflect their idiosyncratic historical developments. Positive emotions and egalitarian concepts were associated with national flags across countries. However, notable differences between countries were found due to historical politics. In societies known for being peaceful and open-minded (e.g., Canada, Scotland), egalitarianism was separable from honor-related concepts and associated with the flag; in countries that were currently involved in struggles for independence (e.g., Scotland) and countries with an imperialist past (the United Kingdom), the flag was strongly associated with power-related concepts; in countries with a negative past (e.g., Germany), the primary association was sports; in countries with disruption due to separatist or extremist movements (e.g., Northern Ireland, Turkey), associations referring to aggression were not fully rejected; in collectivist societies (India, Singapore), obedience was linked to positive associations and strongly associated with the flag. In addition, the more strongly individuals endorsed nationalism and patriotism, the more they associated positive emotions and egalitarian concepts with their flag. Implications of these findings are discussed.

Emergent properties of global political culture were examined using data from the World History Survey (WHS) involving 6,902 university students in 37 countries evaluating 40 figures from world history. Multidimensional scaling and factor analysis techniques found only limited forms of universality in evaluations across Western, Catholic/Orthodox, Muslim, and Asian country clusters. The highest consensus across cultures involved scientific innovators, with Einstein having the most positive evaluation overall. Peaceful humanitarians like Mother Theresa and Gandhi followed. There was much less cross-cultural consistency in the evaluation of negative figures, led by Hitler, Osama bin Laden, and Saddam Hussein. After more traditional empirical methods (e.g., factor analysis) failed to identify meaningful cross-cultural patterns, Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to identify four global representational profiles: Secular and Religious Idealists were overwhelmingly prevalent in Christian countries, and Political Realists were common in Muslim and Asian countries. We discuss possible consequences and interpretations of these different representational profiles. ; This research was supported by grant RG016-P-10 from the Chiang Ching-Kuo Foundation for International Scholarly Exchange (http://www.cckf.org.tw/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the ...

The universality versus culture specificity of quantitative evaluations (negative-positive) of 40 events in world history was addressed using World History Survey data collected from 5,800 university students in 30 countries/societies. Multidimensional scaling using generalized procrustean analysis indicated poor fit of data from the 30 countries to an overall mean configuration, indicating lack of universal agreement as to the associational meaning of events in world history. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified one Western and two non-Western country clusters for which adequate multidimensional fit was obtained after item deletions. A two-dimensional solution for the three country clusters was identified, where the primary dimension was historical calamities versus progress and a weak second dimension was modernity versus resistance to modernity. Factor analysis further reduced the item inventory to identify a single concept with structural equivalence across cultures, Historical Calamities, which included man-made and natural, intentional and unintentional, predominantly violent but also nonviolent calamities. Less robust factors were tentatively named as Historical Progress and Historical Resistance to Oppression. Historical Calamities and Historical Progress were at the individual level both significant and independent predictors of willingness to fight for one's country in a hierarchical linear model that also identified significant country-level variation in these relationships. Consensus around calamity but disagreement as to what constitutes historical progress is discussed in relation to the political culture of nations and lay perceptions of history as catastrophe. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published

The universality versus culture specificity of quantitative evaluations (negative-positive) of 40 events in world history was addressed using World History Survey data collected from 5,800 university students in 30 countries/societies. Multidimensional scaling using generalized procrustean analysis indicated poor fit of data from the 30 countries to an overall mean configuration, indicating lack of universal agreement as to the associational meaning of events in world history. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified one Western and two non-Western country clusters for which adequate multidimensional fit was obtained after item deletions. A two-dimensional solution for the three country clusters was identified, where the primary dimension was historical calamities versus progress and a weak second dimension was modernity versus resistance to modernity. Factor analysis further reduced the item inventory to identify a single concept with structural equivalence across cultures, Historical Calamities, which included man-made and natural, intentional and unintentional, predominantly violent but also nonviolent calamities. Less robust factors were tentatively named as Historical Progress and Historical Resistance to Oppression. Historical Calamities and Historical Progress were at the individual level both significant and independent predictors of willingness to fight for one's country in a hierarchical linear model that also identified significant country-level variation in these relationships. Consensus around calamity but disagreement as to what constitutes historical progress is discussed in relation to the political culture of nations and lay perceptions of history as ...